Browsing by Author "Yilmaz, Orhan"

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Anthelmintic Activity of Urtica Dioica L. in Mice Naturally Infected With Aspiculuris Tetraptera
(Medwell online, 2008) Turel, Idris; Oto, Gokhan; Ayaz, Erol; Yilmaz, Orhan; Mercan, Ufuk
The aim of present study was to investigate the anthelmintic activity of Urtica dioica L. (nettle) in Swiss albino mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera. Methanolic extracts obtained from leaves and seeds of U dioica were evaluated for their in vivo anthelmintic activity. The 250 mu L (175 mg mL(-1)) extracts were administered orally on daily basis. Results showed that methanolic extract of U. dioica seeds possessed only a slight anthelmintic activity. In contrast, methanolic extract of leaves exhibited potent anthelmintic activity.
Determination of Appropriate Growth Models for Early Selection Possibilities in Goats
(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2017) Cak, Bahattin; Yilmaz, Orhan; Keskin, Siddik; Bayril, Tahir; Tariq, Mohammad Masood
Growth models present a visual assessment of growth as a function of time and predict body weight at a specific age. We investigated the growth characteristics of Colored Mohair goat using four nonlinear growth models. Thirty (n=22 males and n=8 females) Colored Mohair kids were used. The kids were weighed at 2-week intervals from birth to 150 days. The Monomolecular, Gompertz, Richards and Three Parameter Logistic models were used. The best model was determined by considering the root mean square error, R-2% and asymptotic correlation coefficient criteria. We concluded that the Gompertz and Richards models were favourable for singletons and that the Richards model was favorable for determining twin Colored Mohair goat growth characteristics. Birth type should be considered in subsequent genetic evaluations. Furthermore, producing heavier carcasses (13-17 kg) in < 150 days may increase productivity and efficiency of the goat farming system.
Drug Interaction Between Ivermectin and Etomidate: Investigation on the Effect of Ivermectin on Etomidate Anaesthesia
(Soc Stiinte Farmaceutice Romania, 2020) Yucel, Ufuk Mercan; Oner, Ahmet Cihat; Turel, Idris; Yilmaz, Orhan
The present study aims to determine the effect of ivermectin on the duration of anaesthesia performed with etomidate and to find out if there are any interactions between these two drugs at the central nervous system level. For this purpose, 25 Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 5 groups with 5 rats in each group. Group I received only subcutaneous saline at a dosage of 0.1 ml/100 g bw. Group II received the intraperitoneal injection of propylene glycol at a dosage of 1 mL/100 g bw. Group III received the subcutaneously 0.2 mg/kg bw ivermectin. Two hours after these treatments, neuropharmacological tests (rotarod and open field) were performed. Also, Group IV received 20 mg/kg bw etomidate intraperitoneally. Group V received subcutaneously 0.2 mg/kg bw ivermectin and 2 hours after the ivermectin administration, 20 mg/kg bw etomidate was given intraperitoneally. In these two groups, anaesthesia was monitored and the sleep duration was calculated based on rectal reflexes. Once the animals were fully awake, neuropharmacological tests were performed. Ivermectin that was administered two hours before the etomidate anaesthesia prolonged etomidate sleeping duration strongly. Also, ivermectin increased motion and decreased motor coordination, in association with etomidate it potentiates CNS depression (with prolonged sleep duration and decreased motor coordination).
Effect of Genotype and Non-Genetic Factors on Growth Traits and Survival Rates in Turkish Indigenous Hair Goats and Their First Cross With Boer Bucks
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Bolacali, Memis; Ozturk, Yahya; Yilmaz, Orhan; Kucuk, Mursel; Karsli, Mehmet Akif
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genotype and non-genetic factors on the growth traits and survival rates of Turkish indigenous Hair goats (n=63) and their first crosses with Boer bucks (n=91), reared under a semi-intensive management system in the Van province of Turkey. The live weights of the kids at birth and on days 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 were determined to be 3.64, 8.89, 13.99, 18.97, 23.62, 27.22 and 30.44 kg, respectively. The average daily gains in the pre-weaning, post-weaning and overall periods were 171.09, 136.43 and 148.34 g, respectively. The multiple-birth kids had lower survival rates than the single-birth kids (P<0.01). As a result, it may be recommended to Hair goat breeders in the region to use Boer bucks in cross-breeding in order to ensure a better growth performance from the kids; to apply a sustainable selection program; and to improve management conditions. In addition, the data obtained from this study may be used as a model for designing policies on Hair goat breeding in this region.
Effect of Timing of Artificial Insemination After Synchronization of Ovulation on Reproductive Performance in Holstein Dairy Cows
(Springer, 2013) Bayril, Tahir; Yilmaz, Orhan
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of timing of artificial insemination on pregnancy rates, calving rates, abortion rates, twinning rates, and calf gender ratio after synchronization of ovulation with Ovsynch protocol in Holstein dairy cows. The ovulation of 219 lactating Holstein dairy cows was synchronized using the Ovsynch protocol. Therefore, cows received an injection of GnRH followed by an injection of prostaglandin F-2 alpha 7 days later and a second treatment with GnRH 2 days later. Cows were artificially inseminated at 0, 12, or 24 h after the second injection of GnRH. Reproductive performance did not differ between cows inseminated at 0 h (n = 82), 12 h (n = 66), or 24 h (n = 71) after the last injection of GnRH (pregnancy rate: 0 h 48 %, 12 h 47 %, 24 h 52 %; abortion rate: 0 h 5 %, 12 h 0 %, 24 h 11 %; calving rate: 0 h 43 %, 12 h 47 %, 24 h 41 %; twinning rate: 0 h 2 %, 12 h 0 %, 24 h 0 %; calf gender ratio (F/M): 0 h 61:39 %, 12 h 48:52 %, 24 h 39:61 %; P > 0.05). Pregnancy rates for cows inseminated in postpartum times of 50-75, 76-100, and > 100 days within the first and a parts per thousand yen3 parities were statistically similar (P > 0.05), but pregnancy rates for cows inseminated at different postpartum times of 50-75, 76-100, and > 100 days within the second parity were different (P < 0.01). In general, pregnancy rates of cows inseminated at different postpartum times (P < 0.01) and parities (P < 0.001) differed. The findings of the current study showed that rates of pregnancy, abortion, calving, and twinning of Holstein dairy cows subjected to artificial insemination at different times after synchronization were similar. These results also indicate that the timing of artificial insemination after synchronization did not influence calf gender ratio. Furthermore, pregnancy rates of Holstein dairy cows inseminated after synchronization were significantly influenced by postpartum time and parity number.
Effects of Age, Sex and Body Weight on Greasy Fleece Yield and Fleece Characteristics in Akkaraman Sheep
(indian veterinary Journal, 2008) Yilmaz, Orhan
Fleece characteristics have economic significance in sheep. The price paid for the fleeces is based on fleece characteristics, therefore, it is important to assess these traits and determine the potential for their improvement (Tabbaa et at, 2001). The Akkaraman the most common sheep breed in Turkey is a fat-tailed used for meat, milk and wool production. Fleece yield and characteristics at first shearing for native sheep breeds in Turkey have not been thorouhgly investigated. The aim of this study was to determine effects of age, sex and body weight on greasy fleece yield and fleece characteristics at first shearing in Akkaraman sheep.
Effects of Lactation Stage, Age, Birth Type and Body Weight on Chemical Composotion of Red Karaman Sheep Milk
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2011) Yilmaz, Orhan; Cak, Bahattin; Bolacali, Memis
The present study was undertaken to assess the influences of lactation stage, age, birth type and body weight of ewes on chemical properties of milk of Red Karaman sheep reared under extensive conditions. Average milk fat, protein, total solid, lactose and ash percentages of Red Karaman sheep milk were 6.31, 6.23, 17.35, 5.12 and 0.91%, respectively. Effects of lactation stage, age and body weight of ewes were significant (P<0.001; P<0.01) on milk fat and protein contents. The effect of only lactation stage was significant (P<0.01) on total solid. Milk fat and protein contents were lowest (6.20% and 5.72%) at the beginning and highest (6.44% and 6.80%) at the end of lactation stage. Significant positive phenotypic correlations were established between total solids and milk fat (0.87) and between total solids and protein (0.41). Significant negative phenotypic correlations were established between lactose and milk fat (-0.58), between lactose and protein (-0.40) and between lactose and total solid (-0.50). The results of the present study suggest that increase in milk fat was accompanied by a increase in milk protein and total solid toward the end of lactation. The younger and lighter ewes produced more milk fat and protein. Chemical compositions of milk of ewes rearing single lambs were similar to that of ewes rearing twins.
Effects of Plantago Major Extract on Serum Protein Fractions in Broiler Diet
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Bingol, Nuriye Tugba; Dede, Semiha; Karsli, Mehmet Akif; Yilmaz, Orhan; Turel, Idris; Yuksek, Veysel
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Plantago major's (P.major) water extract added into broiler diets at different levels on serum protein fractions. A total of 112 Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in the study. Experiment consisted of control and 3 treatment groups with a 28 chicks within each group. Each experimental group was divided into four subgroups consisting of4 chicks. A basal (control) diet was prepared and three experimental diets were established by addition of P.major into basal diet; P.major 1 (5 g/kg feed), P.major 2 (10 g/kg feed), P.major 3 (15 g/kg feed). Broiler chicks were fed with these diets for 42 days ad libitum. Total protein levels of P.major 3 group were lower than other groups and controls. It was determined that the albumin percentages and levels became decreased in a significant ratio in the P.major 1 and P.major 2, (P<0,05), Alpha 1 globulin percentage and concentration were found significantly high in P.major 2 group than the other groups (P<0.05), Alpha 2 level and percentage in P.major 1 group was seen significantly higher than the control group, the A/G ratio in P.major 1 and P.major 2 was seen significantly lower than the control group. There was no significant difference between groups for beta and gamma globulins as percentage.
Growth Performances of Female and Male Holstein Calves Fed With Milk and Milk Replacers
(Univ Agricultural Sciences & veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2016) Bayril, Tahir; Yilmaz, Orhan; Cak, Bahattin
The objective of this study was to compare growth performances of male and female Holstein calves fed milk and milk replacers. A total of 60 Holstein calves were used in the study. Calves were divided into three equal groups. In each group, there were 10 female and 10 male calves. Calves were offered colostrum for 3 days after birth and were weighed at fourth day for the trial. Initial body weights of calves in dietary treatments were statistically similar. The first, second and third groups were fed milk, milk replacer-I (CP 21% and CF 16.5%) and milk replacer-II (CP 24% and CF 18%), respectively. In addition to milk and milk replacers, calves were supplemented with ad libitum concentrate feed and alfalfa. Dietary treatment was significantly effective (P< 0.05) on body weight of calves at 60 days of age. In conclusion, growth performances of calves increased with increasing protein content of milk replacer, also growth performances of calves fed milk and milk replacer containing high-protein had better than those of calves fed milk replacer containing low-protein. Therefore, during the suckling period, in feeding of Holstein calves, milk or milk replacer containing high-protein should be preferred primarily.
Hepatoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Plantago Major L
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2009) Turel, Idris; Ozbek, Hanefi; Erten, Remzi; Oner, Ahmet Cihat; Cengiz, Nureddin; Yilmaz, Orhan
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of Plantago major L. (PM). Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity: Control and reference groups were administered isotonic saline solution (ISS) and indomethacin, respectively. Plantago major groups were injected PM in doses of 5 mg/kg (PM-I), 10 mg/kg (PM-II), 20 mg/kg (PM-III) and 25 mg/kg (PM-IV). Before and three hours after the injections, the volume of right hind-paw of rats was measured using a plethysmometer. Hepatoprotective Activity: The hepatotoxicity was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. Control, CCl4 and reference groups received isotonic saline solution, CCl4 and silibinin, respectively. Plantago major groups received CCl4 (0.8 ml/kg) and PM in doses of 10, 20 and 25 mg/kg, respectively for seven days. Blood samples and liver were collected on the 8th day after the animals were killed. Results: Plantago major had an anti-inflammatory effect matching to that of control group at doses of 20 and 25 mg/kg. It was found that reduction in the inflammation was 90.01% with indomethacin, 3.10% with PM-I, 41.56% with PM-II, 45.87% with PM-III and 49.76% with PM-IV. Median effective dose (ED50) value of PM was found to be 7.507 mg/kg. Plantago major (25 mg/kg) significantly reduced the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels when compared to the CCl4 group. The histopathological findings showed a significant difference between the PM (25 mg/kg) and CCl4 groups. Conclusion: The results showed that PM had a considerable anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities.
Investigation of Mohair Production, Clean Yield, and Fibre Characteristics in Coloured Mohair Goat and F1 Cross-Bred Kids of Angora Goat X Coloured Mohair Goat
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2009) Odabasioglu, Fuat; Kucuk, Mursel; Yilmaz, Orhan
The aim of this study was to compare some fleece and fibre characteristics of kids of Coloured mohair goat with F 1 crossbred kids of Angora x Coloured mohair goat to reveal the effects of this cross-breeding on mohair production, clean yield, and fibre quality. This study was carried out using goats of the Coloured mohair goat breed at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Yuzuncu Yil University. Four Angora goats were used as male material. In 2001, greasy fleece weight, clean mohair yield, fibre diameter, fibre length, fibre elasticity, breaking strength, kemp fibre content, and medullated fibre content of kids at 12 months of age (36 F-1 cross-bred, 18 pure) were examined. Greasy fleece weight and clean mohair yield were 420 g and 74.3% for kids of Coloured mohair goat, and 830 g and 75.9% for F-1 cross-bred kids. Mean values for fibre diameter, fibre length, fibre elasticity, breaking strength, kemp fibre content, and medullated fibre content were 36.4 mu m, 7.4 cm, 32.4%, 8.2 g, 16.2%, and 13.1% for kids of Coloured mohair goat, and 30.1 mu m, 7.8 cm, 31.6%, 6.3 g, 3.4%, and 2.3% for F-1 cross-bred kids, respectively. The effect of genotype (but not sex) on greasy fleece weight, fibre diameter, breaking strength, kemp fibre content, and medullated fibre content were significant (P < 0.001). Effects of genotype and sex on fibre length, fibre elasticity, and clean yield were not significant (P > 0.05). In conclusion, an overall improvement of mohair production traits was observed on F-1 kids developed by crossing Angora goat and Coloured mohair goat. It could be supposed that Angora goats have been selected more for mohair production compared to Coloured mohair goats. Thus one way to improve the quality of mohair of Coloured mohair goat could be crossbreeding.
Performance of Kivircik Sheep Under Three Lambing Systems in Two Years
(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2021) Arslan, Mikail; Yilmaz, Orhan; Cak, Bahattin; Demirel, Ahmet Fatih
This study was carried out to investigate reproductive traits of Kivircik ewes under three lambing systems in two years and their lambs' survival and growth performances. A total of 200 Kivircik ewes and 15 Kivircik rams were used. Ewes were subjected to a system of lambing every 8 months. Ewes were mated in August (summer), April (spring) and December (winter), respectively. Ewes were synchronized using FIS (intravaginal flourogestone sponges) for 14 days. Additionally, 600 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) was administered intramuscularly at sponges withdrawal. Rams remained with the ewes for 3-day from the start of estrus. Estrus rate, lambing rate and litter size were 96.00, 87.50% and 1.70 lamb/doe; 92.35, 85.20 and 1.50 lamb/doe; 78.92, 58.38 and 1.43 lamb/doe for summer, spring and winter seasons, respectively. Survival rates at weaning, birth and weaning weights of lambs were 86.44%, 3.11kg and 17.85kg; 72.80%, 3.24kg and 16.38kg; 66.88%, 3.38kg and 18.97kg for summer, spring and winter, respectively. The effect of mating season on estrus rate was not significant (P>0.05). The effect of mating season on lambing rate and litter size was significant (P<0.01). The effects of mating season and birth type on survival rate at weaning were significant (P<0.05). Effect of mating season on body weights at birth and weaning was significant (P<0.01). The findings of the current study that the reproductivity of Kivircik ewes (in three lambing in two years) synchronized with combination of eCG and FIS tended to improve. Lambing rate and litter size were the highest in the first mating season and the lowest in the third mating season. Lambing rate in the second mating season was similar to that in the first mating season. Survival of lambs at weaning was the highest in the first lambing season and the lowest in the third lambing season. Weaning weight was the highest in the third lambing season and the lowest in the second lambing season. These results also indicate that three lambing system in two years could be utilized in Kivircik sheep.
Physical-Chemical Composition of Milk and Fiber Quality in Hair Goats and the Phenotypic Correlations Between Milk Composition and Fiber Traits
(Univ Agriculture, Fac veterinary Science, 2017) Cak, Bahattin; Yilmaz, Orhan; Ocak, Elvan
The objective of this study was to investigate physical-chemical composition of milk and fiber quality in Hair goats and to evaluate the phenotypic correlations between milk composition and fiber traits. The mean values of milk fat, protein, lactose, non-fat solid, total solids, lactic acid and pH in Hair goats' milk were 4.09, 3.53, 5.15, 9.36, 13.45, 0.22% and 6.61, respectively. The mean values of fiber length, fiber diameter, breaking strength, fiber elasticity and clean hair yield were 9.13cm, 80.93 mu m, 13.67g, 35.89% and 91.61%, respectively. The effect of lactation stage on physical-chemical parameters of milk was significant (P<0.05). Fat content of milk was highly and positively (P<0.01) correlated (0.71) with total solids. Protein was highly and positively (P<0.01) correlated with lactose (0.99), non-fat solid (0.98) and total solids (0.68) contents. There were not significant correlations between all fiber parameters. The phenotypic correlation between fiber diameter and protein content of milk was -0.54 and between fiber diameter and total solids was -0.36 and between fiber diameter and lactose was -0.51. In conclusion, fat content of milk was the lowest in the early lactation stage. Protein, lactose, non-fat solid and total solids contents were the highest in the mid lactation stage. pH was the highest in the late lactation stage. The diameter of the fibers of hair obtained from Hair goats was high. Also, results indicate that there was highly and positively correlation between fat and total solids, protein and lactose, protein and non-fat solid, protein and total solids contents. However, there was significant negatively correlation between fiber diameter and protein content of milk, fiber diameter and lactose, fiber diameter and total solids. (C) 2016 PVJ. All rights reserved
A Retrospective Examination of Reproduction and Survival Rates of Van Cats
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Cak, Bahattin; Uslu, Baris Atalay; Demirel, Ahmet Fatih; Gulyuz, Fetih; Yilmaz, Orhan; Kosal, Volkan
Van cats are animals that often become the centre of attention due to their white hair, colourful eyes, and affectionate attitudes. However, it is nearly impossible to find research studies on the reproductive behaviours of Van cats. We conducted this study with the purpose of revealing the breeding efficiency properties and survival rates of Van cats. The study materials consisted of Van cats in the Van Cat Home of Yuzuncu Yil University's Van Cats Research Center. We determined the breeding efficiency properties using records obtained from 56 female cats over the course of four years. As a result of the study, we determined that the durations of oestrus, pregnancy, and lactation in Van cats were, respectively, 2.41 +/- 0.09, 63.75 +/- 0.27, and 98.45 +/- 1.18 days. We also determined the average number of kittens per delivery and the mating per pregnancy as, respectively, 3.30 +/- 0.19 and 13.71 +/- 0.74. In this study, we recorded the presence of 56 delivering cats, with a total of 185 kittens, 22 of which were dead (11.89%), and an 88.11% survival rate (%). The most common delivery type was twin deliveries (30%), and the highest rate of stillbirths was 4.86% in quadruplet deliveries.
A Study on Comparison of Fattening Performances and Some Slaughter Characteristics of Suffolk and German Mutton Merino Lambs Under Intensive Fattening Conditions
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Arslan, Mikail; Yilmaz, Orhan; Denk, Huseyin
The study carried out at Dort Mevsim Meat Integrated Facility in Susurluk district, Balikesir province, Turkey. In each genotype, there were 20 male lambs. Suffolk and German Mutton Merino lambs were subjected to fattening for 70 days. At the end of the trial, 6 male lambs from each genotype were slaughtered. Slaughter weight, ADG, concentrate feed efficiency, hot carcass weight, chilling carcass weight, hot dressing percentage and chilling dressing percentage were 43.9 kg, 301 g, 3.44 kg, 23.18 kg, 22.24 kg, 52.80 % and 50.66 % in Suffolk lambs; these values were 43.1 kg, 296 g, 3.86 kg, 21.85 kg, 20.89 kg, 50.70 % and 48.47 % in German Mutton Merino lambs, respectively. Hot and chilling carcass weights of Suffolk and German Mutton Merino lambs were significantly different (P<0.05). The findings of the current study showed that Suffolk lambs tended to have higher hot and chilling carcass weights, although there were no statistical differences between the two genotypes in terms of slaughter weights, average daily weight gains and other slaughter traits. These results also indicate that the carcasses for retail sale from the Suffolk lambs were more in quantity when compared to German Mutton Merino lambs.