The Vezirates of Grand Seljuk State
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2011
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Türk tarihi içinde en önemli devletlerden biri olan Büyük Selçuklularda 1038-1157 tarihleri arasındaki zaman diliminde bu devletin hükümet teşkilatının başkanlığını yapan vezirler çok önemli görevler üstlendiler. Başa geçen vezirler, hep sultanın en önemli destekçisi ve yardımcısı oldular. Bütün gayretleriyle Selçuklu Devleti'ni zirveye taşımak için gayret sarfettiler. Bu yüzden Büyük Selçuklu Devletinin tarihini daha iyi ve doğru bir şekilde anlayabilmek için devletin en önemli kademesinde ve geniş yetkilere sahip vezirlerini de tanımak gerekir.Vezir sadece devletin içişlerinden değil, aynı zamanda dış politikasına yön vermekte de büyük rol oynamaktaydı. Selçuklu belgelerinde, hükümet teşkilatı olan divân-âlâ'nın ismi çok sık geçmektedir. Bu divânın başında vezir bulunmaktaydı. İcraatından sadece sultana karşı sorumlu olan vezir devletin tüm işlerini düzenlemekteydi. Gazneliler yoluyla Sâmânîlerin idarî sistemini benimsemiş olan Selçuklularda, hüküm-darlıktan sonra en yüksek mansıb olan vezir Abbâsî, Sâmânî ve Gazneli tesirinin en fazla göründüğü müessesedir. Bunun başlıca sebebi Selçuklu sultanlarının söz konusu devletlerin takip ettikleri yoldan ayrılmayarak vezarete umumiyetle İran asıllı devlet adamlarını getirmeleridir.Tezimizin I.bölümünde Büyük Selçuklu Devleti vezirlerinin görev ve yetkilerinden bahsettik. Daha sonra kuruluş dönemi vezirlerini kronolojik sıraya göre araştırdık. II. Bölümde devletin yükselme dönemi olan Alp Arslan ve Melikşah dönemi vezirleri araştırıldı. III. Bölümde ise Büyük Selçuklu Devleti'nin duraklama ve çöküş döneminde görev alan vezirler hakkında bilgi verildi.
Viziers who served as presidents of government organization had important duties in Great Seljuks, one of the most important States in Turkish History between the years 1038-1157. Viziers took the head became the most important supporter of the Sultans. They did their best to bring the Seljuk Empire to the top. That is why, we should know the Viziers who took part in the most important grade of The Empire and had broad authority to know the history of Great Seljuk Empire better and right.Viziers had great role in directing the Government not only in internal affairs but also in foreign policy. The name `divan-ala? (Superior Council) that was the Government Organization is mentioned a lot in Seljuks documents. The Vizier was the president of that Council. The Vizier that was only accountable to the Sultan for his actions was organizing all governmental affairs. In the Seljuk Empire that adopted administrative system of Samanis by Ghaznevids, the Vizier was the second important person after the Sultan and that unit was the most effected unit by Abbasid, Samani and Ghaznevids. The main reason was that the Seljuks Sultans did not part from the mentioned States and brought especially of Persian Origin Statesmen to Vizierate Chair.We mentioned about the duty and authorities of Viziers in Great Seljuks Empire in the first part of the thesis. Then, we researched the Viziers of Founding Period chronologically. In the second part of my thesis, the Viziers of Alp Arslan and Melikşah Period that were the advance period of the Empire were investigated. In the third part of the thesis, information about the Viziers of Pause and Decadence Period was given.
Viziers who served as presidents of government organization had important duties in Great Seljuks, one of the most important States in Turkish History between the years 1038-1157. Viziers took the head became the most important supporter of the Sultans. They did their best to bring the Seljuk Empire to the top. That is why, we should know the Viziers who took part in the most important grade of The Empire and had broad authority to know the history of Great Seljuk Empire better and right.Viziers had great role in directing the Government not only in internal affairs but also in foreign policy. The name `divan-ala? (Superior Council) that was the Government Organization is mentioned a lot in Seljuks documents. The Vizier was the president of that Council. The Vizier that was only accountable to the Sultan for his actions was organizing all governmental affairs. In the Seljuk Empire that adopted administrative system of Samanis by Ghaznevids, the Vizier was the second important person after the Sultan and that unit was the most effected unit by Abbasid, Samani and Ghaznevids. The main reason was that the Seljuks Sultans did not part from the mentioned States and brought especially of Persian Origin Statesmen to Vizierate Chair.We mentioned about the duty and authorities of Viziers in Great Seljuks Empire in the first part of the thesis. Then, we researched the Viziers of Founding Period chronologically. In the second part of my thesis, the Viziers of Alp Arslan and Melikşah Period that were the advance period of the Empire were investigated. In the third part of the thesis, information about the Viziers of Pause and Decadence Period was given.
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Tarih, Büyük Selçuklular, Vezirlik, History, Great Seljuks, Vizierata
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169