Evaluation of the Relationship Between Factors Affecting the Success of Root Canal Treated Molar Teeth and Apical Periodontitis: a Retrospective Study
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2024
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Bu çalışmada konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) kullanılarak Türk popülasyonunda endodontik tedavi görmüş maksiller ve mandibular molar dişlerde kök kanal tedavisinin kalitesi, apikal periodontitis prevalansı ve tedavi kalitesinin periapikal duruma etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. 282 hastanın (18-50 yaş arası) 396 endodontik tedavili maksiller ve mandibular birinci ve ikinci molar dişlerinin KIBT görüntüleri aksiyal, sagittal ve koronal kesitlerde incelenmiştir. Kanal dolgu uzunluğu, homojenlik, koronal restorasyon ve komplikasyonlar dahil olmak üzere endodontik tedavinin kalitesi ve lezyon boyutu, köke ilişkisi ve kemik yıkımının yeri gibi periapikal durum periapical and endodontic status scale (PESS) e göre değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler istatistiksel olarak Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Yates düzeltmesi, Fisher-Freeman-Halton ve Pearson Ki-Kare testleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Dişlerin %57,6'sında apikal periodontitis tespit edilmiştir. Endodontik tedavi kalitesi periapikal lezyonun varlığı, boyutu, kökle ilişkisi ve kemik yıkım yeri ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Dolgu maddesinin radyografik apeksten 2 mm uzakta olması (%51,1), kök kanalı dolgu homojenliğinin yetersiz olması (%77,5), koronal restorasyonun yetersiz olması (39,2), kök perforasyonu (%7.5) ve kök kanal tedavisinde kaçırılan kanalların varlığı (43,2) apikal periodontitis sıklığını arttırmıştır (p<0,05). Kök kanal dolgusu kısa olduğunda, 5 mm'den geniş lezyonlar daha sık görülürken, kanal dolgu homojenliği ve koronal restorasyon yetersizliğinde bu geniş lezyonlara ek olarak kortikal kemik yıkımı ve furkasyon lezyonlarının daha sık ortaya çıktığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Perforasyon ve kaçırılan kanal durumlarında ise lezyonlar genellikle 3 mm'den küçük, tek kökte sınırlı ve kök çevresiyle ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ayrıca bu çalışma endodontik tedavi kalitesinin, periapikal lezyonun varlığı, boyutu, kökle ilişkisi ve kemik yıkımı üzerindeki kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi, Apikal Periodontitis, Periapikal Lezyon, Kök Kanal Tedavisinde Başarısızlık, Tekrarlayan Kök Kanal Tedavisi
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of root canal treatment, the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP), and the impact of treatment quality on periapical status in endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular molars in a Turkish population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT images of 396 endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular first and second molars from 282 patients (aged 18–50 years) were analyzed in axial, sagittal, and coronal sections. The quality of endodontic treatment, including canal filling length, homogeneity, coronal restoration, and complications, as well as periapical status, such as lesion size, relationship to the root, and site of bone destruction, were assessed using the Periapical and Endodontic Status Scale (PESS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Yates correction, Fisher-Freeman-Halton, and Pearson Chi-square tests. Apical periodontitis was detected in 57.6% of the examined teeth. The quality of endodontic treatment was significantly associated with the presence, size, root relationship, and location of periapical lesions (p<0.05). Apical periodontitis was more frequent when the filling material was positioned more than 2 mm short of the radiographic apex (51.1%), root canal filling homogeneity was inadequate (77.5%), coronal restoration was insufficient (39.2%), root perforation was present (7.5%), or missed canals were identified (43.2%). Lesions wider than 5 mm were more commonly observed in cases of short root canal fillings. Additionally, inadequate canal filling homogeneity and insufficient coronal restorations were associated with wider lesions as well as increased occurrence of cortical bone destruction and furcation lesions (p<0.05). In contrast, lesions in cases of root perforation and missed canals were generally smaller than 3 mm, localized to a single root, and confined to the root area. This study underscores the critical role of high-quality endodontic treatment in minimizing the prevalence and severity of apical periodontitis and highlights its influence on lesion size, root relationships, and the extent of bone destruction. Key Words: Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Apical Periodontitis, Periapical Lesion, Failure in Root Canal Treatment, Retreatment
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of root canal treatment, the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP), and the impact of treatment quality on periapical status in endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular molars in a Turkish population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT images of 396 endodontically treated maxillary and mandibular first and second molars from 282 patients (aged 18–50 years) were analyzed in axial, sagittal, and coronal sections. The quality of endodontic treatment, including canal filling length, homogeneity, coronal restoration, and complications, as well as periapical status, such as lesion size, relationship to the root, and site of bone destruction, were assessed using the Periapical and Endodontic Status Scale (PESS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, Yates correction, Fisher-Freeman-Halton, and Pearson Chi-square tests. Apical periodontitis was detected in 57.6% of the examined teeth. The quality of endodontic treatment was significantly associated with the presence, size, root relationship, and location of periapical lesions (p<0.05). Apical periodontitis was more frequent when the filling material was positioned more than 2 mm short of the radiographic apex (51.1%), root canal filling homogeneity was inadequate (77.5%), coronal restoration was insufficient (39.2%), root perforation was present (7.5%), or missed canals were identified (43.2%). Lesions wider than 5 mm were more commonly observed in cases of short root canal fillings. Additionally, inadequate canal filling homogeneity and insufficient coronal restorations were associated with wider lesions as well as increased occurrence of cortical bone destruction and furcation lesions (p<0.05). In contrast, lesions in cases of root perforation and missed canals were generally smaller than 3 mm, localized to a single root, and confined to the root area. This study underscores the critical role of high-quality endodontic treatment in minimizing the prevalence and severity of apical periodontitis and highlights its influence on lesion size, root relationships, and the extent of bone destruction. Key Words: Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Apical Periodontitis, Periapical Lesion, Failure in Root Canal Treatment, Retreatment
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Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry
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94