Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi
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Browsing Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi by Author "Abak, Kazim"
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Article Bazı Kavun (Cucumis Sp.) Genotiplerinin Tuz Stresine Tepkileri(2007) Abak, Kazim; Kusvuran, Sebnem; Yasar, Fikret; Ellıaltıoglu, Seküre SebnemÖz: Arastırmada, kavunda tuza tolerans bakımından genotipler düzeyinde farklılıgın bulunup bulunmadıgını ortaya koymak; tuza toleransın belirlenmesinde bitki biyomas degerlerinin ve yapraklarda iyon biriktirme derecesinin kullanılma olanagını iincelemek amaçlanmıstır. Ayrıca tuz stresinde yapraklarda MDA miktarındaki artıs incelenmistir. 36 adet farklı genotip, tuza tolerans ve duyarlılık özelligi bakımından farklı parametrelere göre sıralanmıs, özellikler arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları belirlenmistir. Kavunda tuz zararının Na+ ve Cl- iyonlarının toksik etkisinden kaynaklandıgı, bu iyonları bünyede az bulunduran genotiplerde tuza toleransın daha yüksek oldugu gözlenmistir. Denemede kullanılan genotipler arasında Midyat, Besni ve Semame kavun genotipleri tuza tolerant olarak belirlenirken; Ananas ve Yuva çesitlerinin tuza en duyarlı kavun çesitleri oldugu ortaya konmustur.Article Biberde Phytophthora Capsici'ye Dayanıklılıkta Heterozis Etkisi(2005) Abak, Kazim; Türkmen, ÖnderBu çalışmada ebeveyn olarak RP40xQ, HD324, PM702, Kandil, PM217, HDA337, HDH23 ve VU33 biber çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Phytophthora capsici Leon, 'a dayanıklılıkta heterozis etkisinin araştırıldığı bu çalışmada yedi ebeveyn ve onların diallel melezleri toplam 36 bitki materyali kullanılmıştır. Phytophthora capsici Leon, 'a dayanıklılıkta kriteri olarak kesik gövde ucu yöntemi ile etmenle bulaştırılan bitki materyallerinde son nekroz uzunluğu kullanılmıştır. Ebeveynlerde son nekroz uzunluğu ortalama 102,3 mm iken, kibritler de ortalama 110,1 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Son nekroz uzunluğunda ortalama %7,73 negatif heterozis etkisi gözlenmiştir.Phytophthora capsici Leon.'a dayanıklılıkta 23 hibritte negatif heterozis belirlenirken 5 kibritte heterozis etkisi pozitif olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Söz konusu etmene karşı dayanıklılığın ebeveynlerden kibritlere azalarak geçtiği saptanmış ve tam bir dayanıklılık elde edilememiştir. Sonuç olarak, dayanıklı çeşit oluşturmada tek bir dayanıklı ebeveynin yeterli olmadığı ortaya konmuştur. Hatta Phytophthora capsici Leon'a dayanıklı iki ebeveyn kullanımında da dayanıklılık kısmen ebeveynlere göre azalığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Tek genle kontrol edilmediği düşünülen Phytophthora capsic Leon 'a dayanıklılığın melezleme ile kolaylıkla transfer edilemediği ortaya çıkmıştır.Article Characterization of a Diverse Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) Germplasm Collection Based on Fruit Quality Traits(Mdpi, 2025) Yildiz, Mehtap; Sirke, Sibel Turan; Kocak, Metin; Mancak, Ibrahim; Ozkaya, Aslihan Agar; Abak, Kazim; Cavagnaro, Pablo FedericoOkra is an important dietary component of many Asian countries, providing high levels of dietary fiber, phytonutrients (e.g., antioxidant vitamins and pigments), and essential minerals. Evaluation of okra germplasm collections can improve the curation of genebanks and help identify superior materials for breeding. In this study, 66 okra accessions from diverse geographical origins were characterized based on fruit quality traits, including fruit fresh (FFW) and dry weights (FDW), dry matter (DM), diameter, length, and diameter of the fruit peduncle; concentration of vitamin C, chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll; and color-chroma values. Significant (p < 0.05) and substantial variation was found among the accessions for all traits. Mean FFW and FDW varied nearly three-fold, with ranges of 3.76-9.99 g and 0.43-1.34 g, respectively, with a range in DM content of 10.5-19.4%. Vitamin C and total chlorophyll content varied 6.4- and 8.3-fold, with ranges of 12.8-82.8 and 1.07-8.91 mg/100 g fw, respectively, with substantial variation also observed in chlorophyll composition. Significant positive correlations were found between vitamin C and total and subtypes of chlorophyll levels (r = 0.29-0.32), whereas the strongest correlations were between FFW and FDW (r = 0.88) and between total chlorophyll and chlorophyll subtypes a and b (r = 0.90-0.95). Additionally, a dendrogram constructed based on these phenotypic data grouped the accessions in general agreement with their geographical origins and fruit traits. Overall, our results revealed broad phenotypic diversity in the evaluated germplasm, which is exploitable in okra breeding programs aimed at increasing fruit quality and nutraceutical value.Research Project Domateste Oluşturulan Bir Resiprokal Rekombinant Saf Hat Populasyonunda Demir Klorozuna Toleransın Belirlenmesi(2009) Dasgan, Hayriye Yildiz; Abak, Kazim; Şensoy, SuatArticle Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Turkish Melons (Cucumis Melo L.) Based on Phenotypic Characters and Rapd Markers(Springer, 2007) Sensoy, Suat; Buyukalaca, Saadet; Abak, KazimThe genetic relationships among 56 melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes collected from various parts of Turkey were determined by comparing their phenotypic and molecular traits with those of 23 local and foreign melon genotypes to investigate the taxonomic relationships and genetic variation of Turkish melon germplasm. Sixty-one phenotypic characters and 109 polymorphic RAPD markers obtained from 33 primers were used to define the genetic similarity among the melon genotypes by dendrograms or two and three dimensional scaling. There were high correlations ( r >= 0.97) among the four resulting matrices used in molecular characterization. The correlations between phenotypic ( Euclidean) and molecular Euclidean, Jaccard, Simple matching, and Nei analyses were r = 0.41, r = -0.40, r = -0.43 and r = -0.40, respectively. Related genotypes or genotypes collected from similar regions were partitioned to similar clusters. Both analyses ( phenotypic and molecular) indicated that non-sweet melon types were dissimilar from sweet types and diversity of Turkish melon genotypes was higher than that of sweet foreign cultivars examined, but similar to that of the reference accessions employed. It was also observed that sweet Turkish melon genotypes belonging to groups inodorus and group cantalupensis were highly variable and could have intermated or have crossed with other non-sweet types.Article Expression and Mapping of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Genes in Carrot(Springer, 2013) Yildiz, Mehtap; Willis, David K.; Cavagnaro, Pablo F.; Iorizzo, Massimo; Abak, Kazim; Simon, Philipp W.Anthocyanin gene expression has been extensively studied in leaves, fruits and flowers of numerous plants. Little, however, is known about anthocyanin accumulation in roots of carrots or other species. We quantified expression of six anthocyanin biosynthetic genes [phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL3), chalcone synthase (CHS1), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR1), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX2), and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT)] in three carrot inbreds with contrasting root color: solid purple (phloem and xylem); purple outer phloem/orange xylem; and orange phloem and xylem. Transcripts for five of these genes (CHS1, DFR1, F3H, LDOX2, PAL3) accumulated at high levels in solid purple carrots, less in purple-orange carrot, and low or no transcript in orange carrots. Gene expression coincided with anthocyanin accumulation. In contrast, UFGT expression was comparable in purple and orange carrots and relatively unchanged during root development. In addition, five anthocyanin biosynthesis genes [FLS1 (flavonol synthase), F3H, LDOX2, PAL3, and UFGT] and three anthocyanin transcription factors (DcEFR1, DcMYB3 and DcMYB5) were mapped in a population segregating for the P (1) locus that conditions purple root color. P (1) mapped to chromosome 3 and of the eight anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, only F3H and FLS1 were linked to P (1). The gene expression and mapping data suggest a coordinated regulatory control of anthocyanin expression in carrot root and establish a framework for studying the anthocyanin pathway in carrots, and they also suggest that none of the genes evaluated is a candidate for P (1).Article Genetic and Phenotypic Variation of Turkish Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) Accessions and Their Possible Relationship With American, Indian and African Germplasms(Springer india, 2016) Yildiz, Mehtap; Ekbic, Ercan; Duzyaman, Eftal; Serce, Sedat; Abak, KazimOkra is an important vegetable crop that provides a significant portion of vitamins and minerals for populations in several countries. Okra has been cultivated in Turkey for centuries, and was likely introduced by the Arabs from Africa in ancient times. In this study, we aimed to clarify the genetic variation within 35 Turkish okra germplasm, by comparing it against 25 different genotypes from India, Africa, and the United States, using 30 morphological characters and 19 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) primer combinations. Fruit, leaf, and stem color were the primary characteristics to distinguish the okra accessions. Those features, among 30 individual phenotypic traits, explained 42 % of phenotypic variation in the first three axes of the principal component analysis (PCA) with leaf shape, flower size, cotyledon length, fruit-surface angularity, cotyledon width, and petal color. Phenotypic observation results showed that while 1051 Togo (10.76), Red Wonder (7.99), TR-05-1 (7.2), 1159 Togo (7.17), and Red Balady (7.15) were found to be more divergent accessions, Cajun Queen (5.06), Perkins Spineless (5.09), Jade (5.18), TR-01-1 (5.2), and DLGG (5.32) were the closest okra accessions. According to phenotypic data, Turkish okra accessions were located adjacent to the Indian, American, and African okra accessions in clusters three and four. However, marker data showed that African okra possessed a more distinct form compared to the other okra germplasms. Nineteen SRAP primer combinations produced 92 bands and 29 (31.5 %) of them were found to be polymorphic among okra accessions. 1051 Togo was found to be the most divergent accession in phenotypic observation.Article Kavunda (Cucumis Melo L.) Uyartılmış Haploid Embriyoların Ayrılmasında Kullanılabilecek Yöntemler(2010) Abak, Kazim; Buyukalaca, Saadet; Yıldız, Mehtap; Baktemur, GökhanEmbriyoların daha kolay, hızlı, etkili şekilde ayrılması ve çıkartılabilmesi için kullanılabilecek yöntemlerin karşılaştırıldığı bu çalışmada, kontrol uygulaması olarak “tohumların tek tek açılarak embriyoların kurtarılması” yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yönteme alternatif olarak “tohumların hepsinin doğrudan besin ortamına ekimi”, “tohumlara ışıkta bakarak embriyolu tohumların ayrılması” ve “tohumların hepsinin sıvı ortama ekimi” olmak üzere 3 yeni yöntem denenmiştir. Çalışmada bitkisel materyal olarak, Fusarium oxysporum’un farklı ırklarına dayanıklı GM4 kademesindeki ıslah materyali kullanılmıştır. Bu materyalin elde edilmesinde dayanıklı CUM 334 ile duyarlı CU 252 ebeveyn olarak kullanılmıştır. 300 Gy gama ışınıyla ışınlanmış çiçek tozu kullanılarak 2008 yılının ilkbahar aylarında yapılan denemeler sonucunda, meyve başına elde edilen ortalama embriyo sayıları tek tek açma yönteminde 7.7 ile en yüksek çıkmış, bunu daha sonra sırayla 6.8 adet ile tohumların hepsinin besin ortamına ekimi, 5.7 adet ile tohumlara ışıkta bakarak embriyolu tohumların ayrılması izlemiş; fakat bu üç uygulama arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak önemli çıkmamıştır. Tohumların hepsinin sıvı ortama ekimi uygulamasında ise embriyo gelişimi sağlanamamış ve yüksek oranda enfeksiyon sorunu meydana gelmiştir. Gerekli süre ile birlikte değerlendirildiğinde en iyi uygulamanın tohumların hepsinin besin ortamına ekimi yöntemi olduğu görülmüştür.Article Responses of Some Melon (Cucumis Sp.) Genotypes To Salt Stress(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2007) Kusvuran, Sebnem; Ellialtioglu, Sebnem; Abak, Kazim; Yasar, FikretThe aim of this research is to identify differences in salt tolerance of melon genotypes and the possibility of using plant biomass values and degree of ion accumulation of leaves to determine salt tolerance. In addition, the increase in MDA amount of leaves on salt stress was evaluated. 36 different genotypes were identified according to different parameters in respect to salt tolerance and susceptibility to salinity, correlation coefficients among these characters were determined, It was observed that salt damage in melons is probably the result of toxic effects of Na+ and Cl- ions and the genotypes having low amounts of these ions are more tolerant. Midyat, Besni and Semame varieties were determinad as salt tolerant melon genotypes; Ananas and Yuva melon cultivars were most sensitive to salt stress.Article Tuz Stresi Altında Yetiştirilen Tuza Tolerant ve Duyarlı Cucumis Sp.'nin Bazı Genotiplerinde Lipid Peroksidasyonu, Klorofil ve İyon Miktarlarında Meydana Gelen Değişimler(2008) Ellialtıoğlu, Şebneb; Abak, Kazim; Yasar, Fikret; Kuşvuran, Şebneb100 mM tuz uygulanan Cucumis sp. genotiplerine ait bitkilerin yapraklarında Na+, K+, Cl- iyon miktarı, lipid peroksidasyon ve klorofil miktarı bakımından ortaya çıkan değişimler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada iki adet tuza toleransı yüksek ticari çeşit (Galia C8 ve Galia F1), üç adet orta düzeyde tolerant yerel çeşit (Besni, Midyat ve Şemame), iki adet hassas kavun çeşidi (Ananas ve Yuva) ile bir adet acur hattı (C.flexuosus) kullanılmıştır. Tuz uygulanan genotiplerde kontrol bitkilerine göre Na+ ve Cl- iyonlarında önemli düzeyde artışlar meydana gelirken, K+ iyonunda ise azalma görülmüştür. Hücre zarı hasarı göstergesi olan lipid peroksidasyon ürünü MDA miktarı, tuz stresi altında hassas genotiplerde artış göstermiş; buna karşılık klorofil miktarlarında değişen oranlarda kayıplar meydana gelmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda özellikle Na+ ve Cl- iyon miktarlarının tuza tolerant ve hassas kavun genotiplerinin belirlenmesi açısından etkin bir parametre olabileceği görüşüne varılmıştır.Article Use of Issr, Srap, and Rapd Markers To Assess Genetic Diversity in Turkish Melons(Elsevier, 2011) Yildiz, Mehtap; Ekbic, Ercan; Keles, Davut; Sensoy, Suat; Abak, KazimThe genetic relationships among 63 melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes collected from various regions of Turkey were determined by comparing their molecular ISSR, SRAP, and RAPD markers with those of 19 foreign melon genotypes to investigate the taxonomic relationships and genetic variation of Turkish melon germplasm. Total 162 polymorphic markers (69, 18, and 75 obtained from ISSR, SRAP, and RAPD primers, respectively) were used to define the genetic similarity among the melon genotypes by dendro-gram or two and three dimensional scalings. The average similarity (SM coefficient) between any two pairs of accessions examined as estimated by molecular variation was 0.73 +/- 0.48. Within-group genetic similarities ranged between 0.46 and 0.96. Related genotypes or genotypes collected from similar regions were partitioned to similar clusters. Southeastern Anatolian genotypes were distinctly apart from group inodorus and group cantalupensis (sweet) genotypes. This reinforced the position of Turkey in the secondary genetic diversity center of melon. The genetic diversity among Turkish genotypes (H = 0.28 and I = 0.42) was only a little less than that of the world accessions (H = 0.30 and I = 0.45). On the other hand, the percentage of polymorphic loci among Turkish melon genotypes (90.7%) was even higher than that of the world accessions (87.6%). (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
