Browsing by Author "Akgul, Omer"

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The Effects of Asphodel (Asphodelus Aestivus Brot.) Rhizome Extract Administration in the Treatment of Thermally Induced Wound in Rats
(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers india, 2021) Arihan, Okan; Akgul, Omer; Oto, Gokhan; Yildirim, Serkan; Eroglu, Huseyin; Bora, Gulhan
Background: Burn wound is an important health problem worldwide. Serious outcomes related with burn occur and treatments focus on healing of the wounded area with dermal preparations containing chemicals avoiding growth of pathogenic organisms. Plants are important sources for both modern pharmacy to find new molecules used in modern medication as well as in traditional medicinal practices. Many plants are used for treatment of burn wounds. Asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus Brot.) is a naturally found plant in the Mediterranean flora. It is also used in traditional medicinal practices in Turkey. Aim: In this study it was aimed to test wound healing effect of Asphodel. Materials and Methods: An ointment prepared with a 5% methanolic extract of Asphodel was used. 4 groups were formed as control, wound, wound+asphodel and wound+standard drug (oxytetracyclin hydrochloride) (n = 8 in each group). Burn wound was established with a thermal induction. Biochemical, microbiological and histopathological evaluations were performed. Results: Biochemical results (Alt, Ast, Glucose, Ldh) obtained from blood samples showed no adverse effect of this administration. Microbiological results showed a protective effect of Asphodel similar with standard drug. Histopathological evaluation also presented an ameliorating effect as standard drug. Conclusion: Results of this study states that traditional use of this plant for the treatment of burn/wound/ulcer in traditional medicine applications is valid.
Evaluation of Acute Phase Protein Levels and Some Cytokine Levels in Pneumonic Calves
(Polish Soc veterinary Sciences Editorial office, 2019) Akgul, Omer; Kozat, Suleyman; Ozkan, Cumali; Kaya, Abdullah; Akgul, Yakup
This study was carried out to determine the levels of various cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8) and acute phase proteins (haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, lactoferrin, and fibrinogen) in pneumonic calves, to reveal changes in these parameters depending on etiologic factors (bacterial, viral, bacterial + viral) in calf pneumonia, and to determine whether these parameters could be used for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The study was carried out on a total of 50 calves consisting of 10 healthy and 40 pneumonic animals aged 1 to 6 months. The pneumonic calves were classified into three groups: bacterial, viral and mixed (bacterial + viral). It was found that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, CRP, and TNF-alpha were statistically higher in the pneumonic calves than in the control group animals. It was found that the increase in levels of Serum IL-6, IL-8, and CRP were highest in the mixed infection group (bacterial + viral) and lowest in the virally infected group. Similarly, serum levels of Hp, CRP, SAA, alpha-1-AGP, and LF were found to be more statistically significant (P <0.01) in the infected calves than in the control group animals, but changes in fibrinogen levels were not statistically significant. Although the TP and ALB levels in the pneumonic calves were numerically higher than the same parameters in the control group, this was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). As a result, this study showed that serum levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) and serum concentrations of acute-phase proteins (Hp, CRP, SAA, alpha-1-AGP, and LF) are significantly higher in the pneumonic calves than in the control group calves. Furthermore, the assessment of cytokine and acute phase protein levels can play an important role in the early diagnosis of calf pneumonia. This early diagnosis can help prevent deaths caused by pneumonia, which is the leading cause of major losses, and can also be helpful in the early treatment of pneumonia in the veterinary clinical field.
Investigation of Some Changes and Clonal Relationship in Enterococci Isolates Due To Relocation of a Hospital
(Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2024) Korkoca, Hanifi; Hazirolan, Gulsen; Cicek, Cemal; Savas, Sumeyra; Akgul, Omer; Tanriverdi, Elif Seren
Objective: To investigate the isolation rates, antimicrobial resistance rates, minimum inhibitory concentration values of antimicrobial agents, and clonal relationships of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium due to the relocation of a hospital to a newly constructed building. Method: The comparative, prospective study was conducted at adult general intensive care units of the Mus State Hospital, Mus, Turkey, in two phases; before the relocation from January 25 to December 1, 2014, and after the relocation from February 10 to May 24, 2015. Rectal swab samples were collected 72 hours post-hospitalisation. Identification of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates was determined by matrix -assisted laser desorption/ionization time -of -flight mass spectrometry, and antimicrobial resistance with minimum inhibitory concentration values was detected with Vitek 2 system. The clonal relatedness among the strains was investigated by pulsed -field gel electrophoresis. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 69 patients, 37(53.62%) were related to pre -relocation phase; 20(54.1%) females and 17(45.9%) males with mean age 62.81 +/- 21.71 years. There were 32(46.37%) patients in the post -relocation phase; 13(40.6%) females and 19(59.4%) males with mean age 62.69 +/- 21.35 years (p>0.05). Of the 84 enterococci strains isolated, 51(60.7%) were Enterococcus faecium; 28(55%) before relocation and 23(45%) after relocation (p=0.77). The remaining 33(39.3%) isolates were Enterococcus faecalis; 16(48.5%) before relocation and 17(51.5%) after relocation (p=0.73). Multiple strains were located in 7(18.9%) patients before relocation and in 7(21.9%) after relocation. In 1(3.1%) patient after relocation, 2(8.7%) Enterococcus faecium isolates with different resistance and pulsed -field gel electrophoresis patterns were detected. There were no significant differences between the isolation and antibiotic resistance rates before and after relocation (p>0.05), and a clonal relation between the isolates was not detected (p>0.05). Decreased minimum inhibitory concentration values were noted for some antibiotics. Conclusion: Clonal relationship between the isolates and change in the rates of isolation and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium was not detected due to relocation. Minimum inhibitory concentration values could be used to reveal relocation -related changes in isolates obtained from patients hospitalised in intensive care units.
Investigation of the Gene Carriage Rates for Staphylococcus Aureus, Meca, Vana and Nuc Genes in the Nasal and Milk Specimens From the Sheep Caretakers With Sheep
(Sivar-soc Italiana veterinari Animali Reddito, 2021) Akgul, Omer; Bora, Gulhan; Guducuoglu, Huseyin
YMethicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen that may cause serious infections in the humans and animals. The pathogenity of Staphylococcus aureus emerges associated with the factors such as antibiotic resistance, immune evasion, invasion capability and virulence. By the impairment of the immune system, S. aureus-borne skin and soft tissue infections as well as serious infections such as pneumonia, septicemia and osteomyelitis may develop in the human bodies. S. aureus is one of the most common causes of the intramammary infections (IMI) in the dairy ruminants. The present study aimed to identify the presence of S. aureus, mecA and vanA genes in humans and animals (sheep) in the rural corporations on commercial dairy sheep farms in Eastern Turkey. It was also targeted to evaluate nuc gene positivity of Stapyhylococcus aureus strains isolated from humans and animals. Totally 78 (12.7%) S. aureus strains were isolated and identified from 612 materials taken from the sheep caretakers (nasal swab: 204) and the sheep (204 specimens for nasal swab and 204 specimens for milk each from sheep). S. aureus was distributed in 27 (13.2%; 204), 16 (7.8%; 204) and 35 (17.2%; 204) of the nasal swab specimens taken from the sheep caretakers, the sheep and sheep's milk specimens, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of 78 S. aureus isolates performed by Vitek2 device revealed that the highest antibiotic resistance was against benzylpenicillin. Gene analysis for 12 MRSA strains isolated in the specimens of the sheep caretakers and sheep was performed by single-Polymerase Chain Reactions (sPCR) for detection of mecA and vanA genes. Twelve MRSA isolates were found positive for mecA gene carriage. On the other hand, 78 S. aureus isolates were not found to carry vanA gene. All of the 12 MRSA and 66 Methicilline-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were found positive for nuc gene carriage. It was concluded that MRSA strains isolated from the sheep caretakers and sheep had impact on the public health and created at risk for food chain.
Kullanılmış Kozmetik Ürünlerden İzole Edilen Aerop Bakteriler ve Antibiyotik Direncinin Değerlendirilmesi
(2021) Akgul, Omer; Bakan, Kadir
Amaç: Günümüzde insanların sağlığını koruma, koruyucu sağlık tedbirleri, hastalığa değil sağlığa yönelik\ryapılan yatırımlar ve kişiyi hastalanmadan bilinçlendirme adına yapılan projeler kapsamında denetlenen\rbinlerce sektörden biri de kozmetik sektörüdür. Kozmetiklerin istenmeyen etkilerini en aza indirmek için sağlıklı\rkoşullarda üretilip korunması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kullanılan kozmetik ürünlerin aerobik\rbakteriyel kontaminasyonunu ve izole edilen bakterilerin direnç profilini (karbapenem ve genişletilmiş\rspektrumlu beta-laktamaz) değerlendirmektir.\r Gereç ve Yöntem: Kullanılmış kozmetik ürünlerden beş yüz örnekleme yapıldı. Örneklerden kültür,\rbiyokimyasal testler, Vitek 2 ve polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) kullanılarak mikrobiyolojik değerlendirme\ryapıldı.\r Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bu çalışmada, 500 kozmetik ürün kullanıcısından, kullanılmış kozmetik ürünler\rtoplandı. Kullanılmış kozmetik ürünlerden (n=500) toplamda 101 (%20,2) bakteri izolasyonu yapıldı. Vitek 2\rcihazında gerçekleştirilen identifikason sonucunda izolatların sırasıyla S. epidermidis (47, %46,5), S. hominis\r(17, %16,8), S. aureus (6, %5,9), E. coli (16, %15,8), K. pneumoniae (11, %10,9) ve P. aeruginosa (4, %4,1)\rolduğu belirlendi. Fenotipik antibiyotik direncinin değerlendirmesi sonucunda 1 izolatın metisilin dirençli S.\raureus (MRSA) ve mecA geni pozitif olduğu görüldü. İzole edilen 10 gram negatif bakterinin karbapenem ve\rgenişlemiş-spektrumlu β-laktamaz direnci profili gösterdiği belirlendi. Bu izolatlarda sadece üç K. pneumoniae\rsuşunun blaOXA-48 geni taşıdığı belirlendi. Bu çalışmada, kozmetik ürün kullanımında kötü kişisel hijyen, uzun\rkullanımı zaman, and ortamın bakteriyel kontaminasyon oranı ile ilişkili ciddi infeksiyonlara maruz\rkalınabileceği sonucuna varıldı.\r
Microbiological Analysis of Acute Mastitis in a Van Cat
(Kafkas Univ, veteriner Fakultesi dergisi, 2016) Akgul, Omer; Kaya, Abdullah
In this case report, a 7-year-old female Van cat of 2.3 kg weight, bred and given birth in the Van Cat Research Center, is presented. There was a two day history of inappetence and fatigue, along with lying without movement for long. Our physical examination showed an acute inflammation accompanied by swelling, severe pain and hardness in the left caudal thoracic mamma, in addition to a bruise starting from the nipple and extending to the rest of the tissue. The cat was diagnosed with mastitis. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus simulans were identified after the microbiological analysis of the milk from the affected breast.
Tavuk ve Martı Kökenli Enterokok Türlerinin Antibiyotik Dirençliliğinin Fenotipik ve Genotipik Analizi
(2016) Guducuoglu, Huseyin; Gulhan, Timur; Akgul, Omer
Bu çalışmada, Van ili ve ilçelerinde halk elinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan tavuklardan ve Van Gölü Havzasının değişik noktalarında insanlarla ilişki halinde olan martı popülasyonlarından alınan dışkı örnekleri enterokok türleri açısından incelendi. Bu amaçla 500 tavuk ve 500 martı olmak üzere toplam 1000 adet dışkı örneği toplandı. Tavuk dışkı örneklerinden 192 (%38.4) ve martı dışkı örneklerinden ise 119 (%23.8) olmak üzere toplam 311 (%31.1) adet enterokok izole edildi. Tavuk orijinli izolatların 41 (%21.3)'i Enterococcus faecalis, 110 (%57.3)'u E. faecium, 9 (%4.7)'u E. casseliflavus/gallinarum, 27 (%14.1)'si E. hirae, 5 (%2.6)'i E. durans olarak identifiye edilirken; martı orijinlilerin 78 (%65.5)'i E. faecalis, 21 (%17.6)'i E. faecium, 10 (%8.4)'u E. hirae, 7 (%5.9)'si E. casseliflavus/gallinarum, 2 (%1.7)'si E. raffinosus, 1 (%0.8)'i E. durans olarak tanımlandı. Fenotipik analiz, antibiyogram testi (disk difüzyon yöntemi) ile yapıldı. Genotipik olarak ise 16S rRNA, 16S ve 23S arası bölgeler, esp, vanA, vanB ve vanC (C-1,C-2, C-3) genleri analiz edildi. Tüm izolatların antibiyotik dirençlilikleri dikkate alındığında, en fazla dirençlilik sefadroksil (%99.5) en az dirençlilik ise imipenem (%0.8) karşı saptandı. İzolatların 9 (%2.9)'u fenotipik olarak vankomisine dirençli bulunurken, 20 (%6.4)'sinde genotipik olarak vankomisin dirençlilik geni (van) belirlendi. Bunlardan 6 E. faecalis (1'i tavuk, 5'i martı orijinli) ve 3 E. faecium (martı orijinli) izolatının vanA, 6 E. casseliflavus/gallinarium izolatının vanC1 (2'si tavuk, 4'ü martı orijinli) ve 5 E. casseliflavus/gallinarium (tavuk orijinli) izolatının ise vanC2/3 geni taşıdığı tespit edildi. Martı izolatlarında vanC2/3 genlerine raslanılamazken, tavuk ve martı orijinli tüm izolatlar vanB geni açısından negatif bulundu. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırma ile bölgemizde ilk kez vankomisin dirençli enterokok türlerinin varlığı ortaya konuldu.