Browsing by Author "Arvas, Y.E."

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Future Strategies for Sorghum Improvement Under Climate Change Scenario
(Springer Singapore, 2024) Devlet, A.; Arvas, Y.E.
Since the importance of sorghum on a global scale is known, its sensitivity to various stress events caused by climate change is an important issue that should be considered in terms of developing different adaptation strategies and ensuring food and feed security in the future. Sorghum’s ability to grow in different climatic conditions and its resistance to abiotic stresses makes it a strategic product in the face of climate change. In addition to threatening global agricultural systems, global climate change also has the disadvantage of reducing crop yields and disrupting the resilience of the ecosystem. Abiotic stress factors such as high temperature, drought, flood, and excessive rainfall negatively affect the production of basic food products. To overcome these challenges, it is crucial to focus on climate-adapted food crops that require lower inputs and can provide sustainable yields under changing climate conditions. Sorghum is resistant to abiotic stresses and can grow under difficult conditions, which is important for strategies that can provide sustainable yield in changing climate conditions. Sorghum is consumed as a staple food in many regions of Asia and Africa and provides necessary vitamins. Understanding the sensitivity of sorghum to climate change can help identify opportunities to improve its yield and quality, thereby reducing risks associated with food and feed security in future climate change scenarios. Efforts should be made to develop different alternatives for different sorghum varieties against future climate change scenarios. It is thought that this research will help determine which varieties can offer better yields in the future and guide the development of appropriate management strategies. Additionally, locally simulating the potential impacts of climate change on cereal crops is crucial for developing adaptation and consumption strategies. In summary, raising awareness and sensitivity to stress events caused by climate change and prioritizing sorghum crops in crop improvement strategies are essential to pave the way toward climate-smart agriculture. Focusing on climate-compatible, high-yield crops such as sorghum can alleviate the negative effects of climate change, result in sustainable agricultural policies by reducing inputs, and ultimately contribute to food and feed security in the face of a changing climate. Main Conclusions: In this study, global food insecurity caused by climate change, the sensitivity of sorghum to climate change, and efforts to promote climate-friendly agriculture were examined. Additionally, the development of potential crop improvement strategies available in sorghum is emphasized. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Golden Rice Project and Its Impact on Global Nutritional Security
(wiley, 2025) Arvas, Y.E.
With recombinant DNA technological methods, which have been widely used in recent years, changes have been made in the genetic structure of many products and put on the market. Transgenic studies on many food products, including rice, have developed increasingly. Regarding crop production and cultivation area, rice ranks second in the world and is the primary food source for more than half of the world’s population. About 21% of the calorie needs of people around the world are provided by rice. Genetic engineering methods can provide broad scope to increase paddy yield and plant protection, enable paddy to grow in drought and salinity conditions, and lead to more nutritious paddy to reduce malnutrition. Although transgenic studies continue in the rice plant, Golden Rice is undoubtedly one of the most exciting studies in this field. Golden Rice is expected to directly affect the lives of millions of people around the world who suffer from visual impairment due to vitamin A deficiency (VAD). As stated, Golden Rice is designed primarily to address VAD rather than starvation in general. However, it is essential to remember that malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamin A, is a significant component of the broader food security problem. Although Golden Rice alone cannot solve hunger problems, it is thought to improve nutritional security in societies largely dependent on rice as a staple food. In this study, the Golden Rice project is discussed to date, and its impact on global nutrition security is discussed. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2025 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.