Browsing by Author "Cakmak, G."

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Anencephaly and Acrania in an Akkaraman Lamb: a First Clinical Case Report
(Wiley-blackwell, 2015) Cakmak, G.; Yildirim, S.; Eski, F.; Gul, Y.; Ilhan, F.; Sendag, S.
A Morphological and Stereological Study on Calculating Volume Values of Thoracic Segments of Geese
(Via Medica, 2019) Cakmak, G.; Karadag, H.
Background: In this study, the total volume of the thoracic segments of the spinal cord and volume densities of grey matter and white matter were examined by using stereological methods in adult geese having a weight of 3-4 kg. Materials and methods: Ten geese were used as material without sex discrimination. All animals were perfused with 10% formaldehyde. In addition, after perfusion, the geese were kept in 10% formaldehyde for 1 week. Afterwards, thoracic spine was removed and thoracic part of spinal cord was excised. 5 mu m thick sections were taken from these tissue samples by microtome. The cross-sectional series were obtained by sampling from each segment at 250th section. Twelve sections were taken from tissue specimens of every segment. The sections were stained by using haematoxylin-eosin and photographed on a microscope. Results: By using the Cavalieri's Principle, the volume densities (volume fractions) of thoracic segments of spinal cord, volume of white matter, and volume of grey matter in segments were calculated. Conclusions: In the study, total volume of the thoracic segment, volume of white matter, and the volume of grey matter, and the ratio of these volume values to each other were calculated. The SHTEREOM 1.0 software was used for calculating the volume of section specimens.
A Morphological and Stereological Study on Cervical Segment of Spinal Cord of Quails
(Wiley, 2017) Cakmak, G.; Soyguder, Z.; Ragbetli, M. C.
In this study, volume densities of white and grey matters of cervical segments of spinal cords of quail were investigated stereologically. In both sexes, mature, six quails were used as material of this study. All animals were fixed by perfusing in 10% buffered formalin. Tissue specimens were obtained from cervical spinal cords. These tissue specimens were cut every fiftieth section at 5m thickness by a microtome. And mean six or seven sections were examined from every block by this method at microscope. After that, these sections were stained by haematoxylin eosin and photographed. Densities of volumes of all tissues of cervical segments of whole spinal cords and white and grey matters were calculated with principle of Cavalieri. As a result, total volume of spinal cord, volumes of white and grey matters of cervical segment and volume rates of white and grey matters were calculated.
A Stereological Study of the Renal and Adrenal Glandular Structure of Red-Legged Partridge (Alectoris Chukar)
(Via Medica, 2021) Colcimen, N.; Cakmak, G.
Background: Partridge is a major bird species that has recently gained an increasing importance as an alternative food source and a game animal in hunting tourism. Herein, we aimed to examine the histological structure and stereological properties of the renal and adrenal glands of red-legged partridge. Materials and methods: Seven healthy adult red-legged partridges (Alectoris chukar) of both genders were used in this study. The Alectoris chukars were perfused with the intracardiac method and were kept in 10% formaldehyde for 72 h for optimal fixation. The tissues were embedded in paraffin after routine light microscopic processes. Then, 5-mu m thick sections were taken, which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, photographed, and examined in light microscope. Modified Cavalieri principle was used for volume calculation as stereological analysis. Total tissue volume ratios were calculated with the help of a point grid provided by the Shtereom 1.5 packaged programme. Mann Whitney-U test was used for inter-group comparisons. The significance level was set at 5% SPSS (ver: 13) statistical software was used for all statistical analyses. Results: Renal histological structure was found to resemble those of other bird species and contained a mixed type (mammalian, reptilian) glomerular structure. It was also found that the adrenal histology was not in the form of separate layers but composed of cell groups with different properties. Stereological renal volume assessment revealed statistically similar right and left renal size (p > 0.05). In adrenal gland volume assessment, the right and left adrenal volumes were also statistically similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The obtained data in the present study is thought to contribute to the understanding of the stereological, morphological and histological structure of the red-legged partridge (Alectoris chukar) kidney and adrenal gland.
A Stereological Study on Calculation of Volume Values Regarding Lumbosacral Segments of Quails
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2019) Cakmak, G.; Karadag, H.
In the study, total segment, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segment of spinal cord in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were stereologically examined. Regardless of sex, six adult quails were used as material. After the materials were perfused, they were dissected and their spinal cords were uncovered. Tissue samples were taken from each lumbosacral segment of spinal cord. After the tissue fixation process, 6–7 sections having a 5-µm thickness were separated in every 50th section as from the first section, where the tissue was seen, among tissue samples of each segment. These segments were stained with haematoxylin–eosin staining. They were photographed via a microscope. By using the Cavalieri's principle, the volume values of both the total segment, grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in each lumbosacral segment were separately calculated. All these calculations were performed by using SHTEREOM 1.5 program. As a result, total volume, grey matter and white matter volume values of lumbosacral segments and white matter/total volume, grey matter/total volume, and grey matter/white matter volume fractions were obtained. © 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
A Stereological Study: Volume Estimation in the Cerebellum of Norduz Sheep
(Hellenic veterinary Medical Soc, 2024) Kiran, M.; Cakmak, G.
In this research, it was aimed to investigate the cerebellum volume values of Norduz sheep raised within the borders of Gurpinar district of Van province. For this purpose, 6 male and 6 female Norduz sheep heads were selected as materials. The brains were dissected and kept in 10% formaldehyde for a week. Cerebellums were separated from the brain hemispheriums. For better fixation, the cerebellums were kept in formaldehyde again for a week. Tissues obtained by sequential random sampling were included in tissue tracking. Then each tissue was embedded in paraffin. An average of 10-12 sections with a thickness of 5 mu m were obtained from the tissue cassettes obtained by a rotary microtome. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were photographed with an x4 objective. From these photographs, total cerebellum, medulla and cortex volumes, as well as vermis volume, were calculated using the Shtereom I program using the Cavalieri Principle. The results were evaluated statistically with the Mann-Whitney U test. No statistical difference was detected in terms of male and female cerebellum volume values, Coefficient of Error (CE) and Noise calculations (p>0.05). However, only the left hemispherium cerebelli volume having a higher value in females was statistically significant (p<0.05).