Browsing by Author "Cakmakci, Talip"

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The Application of Nanoparticles on the Physiological, Morphological, Enzyme Activities, and Nutrient Uptake of Lettuce Under Different Irrigation Regimes
(Springer, 2025) Kilic, Hilal Karacan; Cakmakci, Talip; Sensoy, Suat
This study aimed to determine the effects of selected plant growth-promoting silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on certain physiological traits, plant growth, enzyme activity, and plant nutrient content of lettuce grown under different irrigation regimes. In this research, four irrigation regimes were tested as experiments in a randomized complete block design layout: I100 (full irrigation), I80 (20% deficit), I60 (40% deficit), and I40 (60% deficit). Additionally, four nanoparticle doses (AgNP0, 0 ppm; AgNP20, 20 ppm; AgNP40, 40 ppm; and AgNP80, 80 ppm) were applied to the crop. The results demonstrated that the head diameter of lettuce decreased by 28% and 30% under the I60 and I40 water stress conditions, respectively. However, AgNPs enhanced the head diameter of lettuce by 10.9% compared to the control (non-application of AgNPs). The application of AgNPs increased the nutrient content of lettuce, including potassium (K), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), by 38%, 19%, 23%, 367%, and 20%, respectively. Plant height was 98.2% higher in the full irrigation treatment (I100) than in the 40% irrigation treatment (I40). Dry matter content was 10.2% higher in the AgNP80 treatment compared to the AgNP0 treatment. In addition, the highest catalase (CAT) enzyme content was obtained in the AgNP40 treatment. The present research suggests that applying AgNPs represents a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy for improving lettuce's plant growth and nutrient uptake under water stress conditions. Therefore, AgNPs can be used in drought stress tolerance studies.
Assessment of Growth, Seed Yield, and Water Productivity of Two Chenopodium Quinoa Cultivars Under Different Irrigation Levels in Semiarid Conditions
(Lithuanian Research Centre Agriculture & Forestry, 2023) Cakmakci, Talip
Drought management requires information on water productivity, crop water consumption, and relevant crop cultivars. Water productivity is important in determining the relationship between crop yield and evapotranspiration, especially in areas with limited irrigation and low rainfall. During the experiment, the seed yield, yield components, and water-yield relationships of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars 'Titicaca' and 'Carmen' under conditions of decreasing irrigation water were determined. It was conducted as a field experiment in three replications and two years (2018-2019). In the experiment, four different irrigation water treatments: I100 - full irrigation (control), I75 - 25% deficit, I50 - 50% deficit, and I0 - 100% deficit (no irrigation), were used. According to the average of two-year experimental data, the seed yield, plant height, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index were 2754 kg ha-1, 75.4 cm, 2.81 g, and 37.7% for the 'Carmen' and 3335 kg ha-1, 108.3 cm, 2.93 g, and 40.5% for the 'Titicaca', respectively. Yield component values decreased due to irrigation water restriction for both cultivars. The water productivity value was similar in the I100 and I75 treatments of both cultivars. The yield response factor (ky) for 'Carmen' and 'Titicaca' was determined to be 1.37 and 1.39 in 2018, and 1.23 and 1.20 in 2019, respectively. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that irrigation had an increasing effect on the seed yield, plant height, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index values in quinoa plants under semiarid conditions. In addition, recommendations were made for the use of the I75 irrigation, which saves water, and for the 'Titicaca', which is more suitable for the climate of semi-arid region.
Biochar and Mycorrhiza Enhance Soil Carbon Storage and Reduce Co2 Emissions in Wastewater-Irrigated Turf
(Iwa Publishing, 2023) Sahin, Ustun; Cakmakci, Talip; Yerli, Caner
Irrigation with recycled wastewater can reduce freshwater demand and improve soil fertility, but it can also increase CO2 emissions from soil and contribute to global warming. This study investigated whether biochar and mycorrhiza can reduce CO2 emissions and enhance soil quality in wastewater-irrigated turf. A factorial experiment was conducted with four levels of biochar (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5%), two mycorrhiza (with and without), and two types of irrigation water (freshwater and recycled wastewater). Soil CO2 and H2O emissions, moisture and temperature, and chemical and physical properties were measured for 3 months. Biochar and mycorrhiza treatments significantly reduced CO2 emissions by 19.4-45.0% compared to the control treatment. The combination of biochar at a 1.5% level with mycorrhiza had the highest emission-reducing effect. Biochar and mycorrhiza treatments also reduced H2O emissions by 8.1-14.6%, increased soil organic matter, carbon, and total nitrogen, regulated soil EC and pH, and improved soil porosity and aggregate stability. The results suggest that biochar and mycorrhiza can be effective strategies to mitigate CO2 emissions and improve soil quality in wastewater irrigation. The combination of biochar with mycorrhiza can have synergistic benefits for soil carbon storage and conservation.
Co2 Emissions and Their Changes With H2o Emissions, Soil Moisture, and Temperature During the Wetting-Drying Process of the Soil Mixed With Different Biochar Materials
(Iwa Publishing, 2022) Yerli, Caner; Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
Biochar is an organic regulator that improves crop yield by regulating soil properties. In addition, this organic regulator is also effective in reducing CO2 emissions from soil. However, considering the management of CO2 emissions together with many factors and the different properties of soil depending on the biochar content, CO2 emissions can vary. Thus, the study investigated the soil moisture and temperature and H2O emission, which affect the emission, and CO2 emission of biochars with different raw materials applied to the soil in the wetting-drying cycle of the soil. It was determined that biochar applications decreased CO2 emissions, but the share of each biochar material in reduction differed, and CO2 emissions were 82, 51, 20, and 13% lower in straw, hazelnut, apple, and sawdust biochar applications than in soil without biochar, respectively, and significant positive linear relationships of CO2 emissions with soil moisture-temperature and H2O emissions were determined. In addition, in biochar applications, H2O and soil temperature decreased depending on the moisture retention in the soil increased. In the findings, it can be suggested that straw biochar application to soil is more effective in reducing the severity of increasing global warming, and that soil moisture and temperature should be managed to reduce CO2 emissions.
The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Emission From Turfgrass Soil Under Different Irrigation Intervals
(Iwa Publishing, 2024) Boyno, Gokhan; Yerli, Caner; Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun; Demir, Semra
Increased nutrient and/or water uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can affect soil biochemical properties and emission of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, an experiment was designed to investigate the effect of AM fungi (AMF) on CO(2 )emissions from turfgrass. Three different AMF species (Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus irregularis) were used in this experiment. Turfgrass plants were cultivated in pots containing both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soils over a 10-week period. To mimic real-world conditions, the plants underwent irrigation cycles at intervals of 1, 2, and 3 days, replicating common irrigation practices in turfgrass fields. The research aimed to comprehensively understand the effects of AMF and varying irrigation intervals on CO2 emissions, soil characteristics, plant growth, and AMF parameters. It was observed that the changing irrigation intervals affected the AM symbiosis and this effect increased as the irrigation interval increased. It was determined that this AM symbiosis created with the plant significantly reduced CO2 emissions. In addition, it was determined that it regulates the soil structure and increases plant growth. In conclusion, it can be said that AMF species reduce CO2 emissions by reducing the need for water in the turfgrass.
The Effect of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus) Cultivation in Aquaponic and Hydroponic Systems on Plant Nutrient Elements and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2018) Guzel, Senol; Odun, Ugur Cansin; Cakmakci, Talip; Cakmakci, Ozlem; Sahin, Ustun
Search for raw materials, especially for those used in food production, gained further importance with the increasing world population. In recent years, aquaponic systems which integrated form of fish and plant cultivation were increasingly preferred in the search for new food sources. In this study, culture mediums in aquaponic and hydroponic systems were investigated for koi carps (Cyprinus carpio) and cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus). At the end of the study, nutrient element and chlorophyll contents with antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants grown in aquaponic and hydroponic systems were compared. The comparison between aquaponic and hydroponic systems showed that the differences between the systems in terms of Ca, Na and P were not statistically significant, while there was a statistically significant difference in K and Mg levels among the macro elements between the systems. Differences in microelements (B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were significant among systems. In the aquaponic system, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn levels were higher compared to those in the hydroponic system, while B, Cu and Mn levels were higher in the hydroponic system. There was no difference in antioxidant system activities (CAT, APX, MDA, SOD) in both systems. The difference between the systems in terms of chlorophyll content was significant, and chlorophyll content in the hydroponic system was higher than that in the aquaponic system.
The Effect of Using Treated Wastewater With Different Irrigation Methods on Silage Maize Macro-Micro Element and Heavy Metal Accumulation
(Univ Namik Kemal, 2020) Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
This study was carried out in Van (Turkey) province, has semi-arid climate in 2015 and 2016. In the study, it was aimed to determine the macro micro nutrient element and heavy metal content changes in silage maize by comparing the wastewater (AS) applications with different irrigation methods [Subsurface drip (SSDI), surface drip (SDI), traditional furrow (FI)] and irrigation levels [full irrigation (% 100; K0), % 33 deficit (K1) and % 67 (K2) deficit] with clean water (TS). In treated wastewater applications, increases in the N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, and Fe contents of the plant were increased by about 28%, 28%, 26%, 12%, 47%, 23% and 24% respectively. In heavy metal contents (Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni), changes between 75% and 770% were observed. Moreover, in all three irrigation methods, the micro-trace element accumulation order in the plant was realized as Fe> Mn> Zn> B> Cu> Cr> Pb> Ni> Cd. Along with the irrigation water limited, macro and micro element contents in plants have decreased. At the end of the study, it was concluded that nutrient supplements can be added to silage maize with treated wastewater, and can be safely used as an alternative source of irrigation water in regions where irrigation water is insufficient.
Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Seedling Under Deficit Irrigation
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2017) Cakmakci, Ozlem; Cakmakci, Talip; Durak, Emre Demirer; Demir, Semra; Sensoy, Suat
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an important vegetable and is growth in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey since the early times. Drought is effective abiotic stress factors for plants. As is known that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have positive effects on plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis can play a prominent role in tolerance to abiotic stress factors. Plant material used in this study is cv. Napolyon F-i cultivated commonly in the Lake Van Basin. The effects of two different mycorrhiza applications (Glomus intraradices and Glomus spp.) on some growth parameters in melon seedlings under water deficit were investigated. There were four different water deficit applications (control, 20 %, 40 % and 60 % water deficit). At the end, it was found that mycorrhiza improved the physiological and photosynthetic parameters of inoculated plants compared with non-AMF plants in water deficit conditions. Moreover, AM Fungi increased the chlorophyll content of melon seedlings. Results indicated that AMF can ameliorate the tolerance to deficit irrigation in melon seedlings.
Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Carbon Dioxide (Co2) and Water (H2o) Emissions in Turfgrass Soil Under Different Salinity Irrigation Levels
(Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2023) Boyno, Gokhan; Yerli, Caner; Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun; Demir, Semra
Host plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are widely believed to tolerate stressful situations such as heat, salinity, drought, metals, and extreme temperatures. However, increased nutrient and/or water uptake by AM symbiosis may affect soil biochemical properties and emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, an experiment was designed to investigate the effect of AM fungi on CO2 and water (H2O) emissions in lawns. Three different AM fungi species were used in this experiment (Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Rhizophagus irregularis). Turfgrass plants were grown in pots in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soils for ten weeks, and the plants were subjected to irrigation cycles with salted water at 0.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 dS m(-1) ratios. The effects of AM fungi and saline irrigation at different rates on CO2 and H2O emissions and their effects on plant morphological growth and AM fungi parameters were also evaluated. At the end of the experiment, it was seen that irrigations with different salt ratios affected AM fungi, which was negative as the salt ratio increased. Nevertheless, a symbiosis was established between the plant and the AM fungi. CO2 and H2O emissions and soil temperature decreased with mycorrhiza treatments and increased irrigation water salinity. In addition, it was determined that AM fungi increased plant growth under salt stress. Among the AM fungi species, especially C. Etunicatum was more successful.
Effects of Deficit Irrigation on Essential Oil Composition and Yield of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill) in a High-Altitude Environment
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2018) Coban, Furkan; Ozer, Hakan; Ors, Selda; Sahin, Ustun; Yildiz, Gul; Cakmakci, Talip
Successful fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) production in semi-arid environments depends largely on irrigation applications. Deficit irrigation studies on fennel are lacking or very limited, particularly in high-altitude environments. This study was conducted to determine the effects of deficit irrigation levels on the essential oil content, essential oil yield, and chemical composition of fennel. The experiment was carried out in 2014 and included four deficit irrigation levels: 100% (I-1), 80% (I-2), 60% (I-3), and 40% (I-4) of Class A pan evaporation. All parameters were significantly affected by deficit irrigation applications. Essential oil content tended to increase under increased water deficit conditions with the range of 2.21% to 2.42%. Anethole (90.71-91.62%) was the major compound in the fennel fruit oil, followed by estragole (3.60-4.02%), limonene (2.19-3.24%), and fenchone (0.96-1.55%), respectively. Essential oil yield showed an increase with increased irrigation amounts.
Efficiency of Canola (Brassica Napus L.) as an Accumulator of Heavy Metals in Wastewater Applications
(Hard, 2014) Cakmakci, Talip; Ucar, Yusuf
This study was carried out to determine the elimination levels of heavy metal rise resulting from waste-water in agricultural areas irrigated with wastewater, by means of the extraction of the canola (Brassica napus L.) plant. Therefore, the summery Licolly variety of canola (Brassica napus L.) plant was grown by applying wastewater at different moisture levels (Control: 20 kPa, Si: 201d3a, S2: 35 kPa, S3: 50 kPa, S4: 65 kPa, S5: 80 kPa). Total Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Hg concentrations were determined in the harvested plants. At the end of this study, accumulation of Cd, Ni, and Pb could not be determined in the plants, and while the accumulation of Cu, Zn, and Cr was statistically significant, the accumulation of Hg was found to be insignificant.
Improving Silage Maize Productivity Using Recycled Wastewater Under Different Irrigation Methods
(Elsevier, 2021) Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
The contribution of wastewater irrigation with the improvement of irrigation practices to the productivity of silage maize is a priority issue to investigate considering the saving of scarce freshwater resources and the necessity to dispose wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation levels (L100, L67 and L33) of recycled municipal wastewater (RW) compared to freshwater (FW) using subsurface drip (SSDI), surface drip (SDI) and furrow irrigation (FI) methods on yield and some physiological traits of silage maize in semi-arid conditions at a high altitude. When the total daily reference evapotranspiration value reached 50 +/- 5 mm, irrigation quantities corresponding to 100%, 67% and 33% of soil moisture deficit based on field capacity in fully irrigated plots with freshwater were applied in different irrigation levels. Crop actual evapotranspiration (ETa) values were found close in both water types. SSDI reduced ETa by 18.5% and 45.6% in L100 level, 15.2% and 38.9% in L67, and 11.6% and 32.6% in L33, respectively compared to SDI and FI. The highest fresh biomass yield was determined in the SSDI-RW-L100 combination as 77.55 t ha-1, and resulted in 5% and 12.9% higher values than in SDI and FI. Leaf relative chlorophyll and water contents, leaf area index and electrolyte leakage showed strong linear correlations with yield and evapotranspiration values. The highest water productivity was determined in the SSDI-RW-L100 combination as 21.48 kg m-3 and it was higher by 28.2% and 99.4% than those in SDI and FI, respectively. Improvement of productivity with increased irrigation quantities in SSDI delivered the high yield response factor of 1.70-1.77. Therefore, it is concluded that the SSDI method can be a successful practice to improve productivity by alleviating the need for water for silage maize especially under full irrigation with RW.
Productivity and Heavy Metal Pollution Management in a Silage Maize Field With Reduced Recycled Wastewater Applications With Different Irrigation Methods
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
Using wastewaters in irrigated agriculture can cause heavy metal accumulation as well as salinity in soil. A practical way of minimizing accumulation in soil is to use irrigation techniques that require less water and consequently introduce less heavy metals into the feeding chain in silage maize cultivation with wastewater irrigation. The objective of this study is to address this issue. A factorial field experiment was carried out for two years in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Experimental plots were irrigated with three different irrigation methods (subsurface and surface drip, and furrow) applying three different levels (full irrigation and 33 and 67% deficit irrigations) of recycled wastewater and freshwater. The results showed that soil heavy metal contents, salinity, macro nutrients, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, porosity and wet aggregate stability were significantly higher in full irrigation with wastewater, while pH, carbonates, bulk and particle densities were significantly lower. Drip methods reduced salinity and heavy metal contents significantly. Heavy metal pollution indexes also indicated that drip methods are more effective in reducing metal pollution in soil. However, considerable accumulations of Cd and Ni were found with all methods while deficit irrigation decreased accumulations. The highest cation exchange capacity and K2O contents and the lowest exchangeable sodium percentage were determined with the subsurface drip method. The subsurface drip method saved 20.7 and 49% more irrigation water than the surface drip and furrow methods under fully irrigated conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that using the subsurface drip method with recycled wastewater can be used in silage maize cultivation because soil productivity and water savings increased while metal pollution and salinity in soil decreased. Moreover, using 33% less wastewater can be a useful practice to decrease Cd and Ni accumulation.
Reduction of Blue and Total Water Footprints Per Unit Biomass Yield of Silage Maize With Grey Water Footprint Input in Subsurface Drip Irrigation
(Iwa Publishing, 2024) Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
Reducing blue and total water footprint outputs in irrigated agriculture with greywater footprint input from irrigation with recycled wastewater is an issue that needs to be investigated in protecting freshwater resources by increasing water availability. Therefore, the effect of three different irrigation levels of recycled wastewater and freshwater in the subsurface irrigation (SSDI), surface drip irrigation (SDI), and furrow irrigation (FI) methods on the blue, green, grey, and total water footprints per unit yield of silage maize, which is widely produced worldwide and has high water consumption, was investigated with a 2-year field study. The blue and total water footprints per unit fresh and dry biomass yields in the SSDI were 1.20-1.23-fold lower than that in the SDI and 1.69-1.76-fold lower than that in the FI. Full wastewater irrigation provided the lowest blue, green, and total water footprints per unit yield across all methods. Full wastewater irrigation under SSDI provided the lowest total water footprint per unit fresh biomass yield, similar to the 33% deficit irrigation practice with wastewater. It was concluded that full irrigation with recycled wastewater as a greywater resource under SSDI may be the most suitable application for the sustainable management of scarce blue water resources.
Soil Co2 Emission Linearly Increases With Organic Matter Added Using Stabilized Sewage Sludge Under Recycled Wastewater Irrigation Conditions
(Springer int Publ Ag, 2023) Yerli, Caner; Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
Although adding organic matter by applying sewage sludge and recycled wastewater in agricultural lands is beneficial for most functions expected of soils, mainly by improving soil structure and fertility, it is a potential source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study aimed to analyze the changes in CO2 emissions by season and per unit of organic matter from bare soil with the organic matter added under recycled wastewater irrigation conditions. Therefore, an experiment in containers was conducted in a greenhouse with two water types (freshwater and recycled wastewater) at five different organic matter levels (control: 1.91%, and then 2.45%, 2.99%, 3.53%, and 4.07%) by mixing in stabilized sewage sludge. The experiment was repeated three times in total. Containers were irrigated a total of ten times at 6-day intervals. CO2 emissions were directly measured at the beginning and end, and at 3 days after each irrigation cycle, with an EGM-5 infrared gas analyzer device. Water (H2O) emissions from the soil, the soil moisture, and temperatures were also recorded during the CO2 emission measurements. The results showed that higher rates of organic matter in soil resulted in higher CO2 emissions from the soil that linearly increased with organic matter content for both water types, while there were lower CO2 emissions per unit of organic matter. The mean CO2 emissions with increasing doses were found to be higher by 17.9%, 30.6%, 43.0%, and 56.4%, respectively, compared to the control. Recycled wastewater resulted in 9.5% higher emissions compared to freshwater. The decreasing amounts of CO2 emissions per unit of organic matter with increasing doses were determined to be 8.1%, 17.1%, 24.6%, and 27.2%, respectively, compared to the control. Increasing organic matter and irrigation with recycled wastewater increased soil moisture and temperature values while decreasing H2O emissions from the soil. Strong linear correlations of CO2 emissions with H2O emissions, soil moisture, and temperatures were determined. Therefore, soil carbon sequestration in irrigated conditions can be improved by managing soil moisture; thus, the contribution of the increased organic matter in the soil to improve soil properties and productivity can be increased.
A Survey Study on Determination of Farmers' Opinions About the Land Consolidation Project Implemented in Turkey, With Special Reference To Burdur Province
(Univ Agricultural Sciences & veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2013) Ucar, Yusuf; Bolukmese, Omer; Cakmakci, Talip
Land consolidation is of special importance to the efficient use of land and water resources and sustainable agriculture in countries like Turkey where dense land degradation exists. The benefits expected from land consolidation projects depend on farmers' participation and the fulfilment of their expectations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate to what extent farmers' expectations were met and whether their satisfactions with the new parcel planning were fulfilled through the project implemented in some villages in the province of Burdur, Turkey. This study was conducted in 5 villages of Burdur located in the Mediterranean region. For this purpose, some 159 agricultural enterprises were selected using the stratified sampling method. The Likert-scale survey was used in this study; statistical data analyses were carried out; and some descriptive statistics were presented. It was found that 50.9% of the farmers indicated that their preferences were fulfilled; however, 34.6% of the farmers indicated that they were badly affected by the new parcel planning.
Yield, Physiological Responses and Irrigation Water Productivity of Capia Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) at Deficit Irrigation and Different Biochar Levels
(Springer, 2023) Cakmakci, Talip; Sahin, Ustun
This study aimed to determine the effects of three irrigation water levels on the yield, soluble solid content and some physiological traits of pepper plants in soils mixed with biochar at four different doses. The study was conducted as a pot experiment in three replications for each treatment setup in a completely randomized design under greenhouse conditions. The experiment comprised controlled/full irrigation (I0), 25% deficit irrigation (I1), 50% deficit irrigation (I2), and four biochar treatments: non-biochar at 0% (B0), biochar at 0.75% (B1), biochar at 1.5% (B2), and biochar at 3% (B3). Biochar application significantly increased pepper growth and yield. Significant improvements in the physiological properties of the plant with the increase in biochar dose (B1, B2, and B3) in deficit irrigation applications were determined. Under the 50% water deficit conditions (I2), the biochar amendments (B3I2, B2I2, and B1I2) increased the irrigation water productivity compared to the control (non-biochar, B0I2), as well as water savings of 18.4, 12.8 and 8.3%, respectively. Biochar amendments increased the moisture retention in the soil and saved irrigation water. In this study, the highest efficiency was obtained from the B3 (3% w:w) treatment. In addition, biochar increased irrigation water productivity by improving soil properties under water deficit conditions.