Browsing by Author "Diril, Halit"

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Determination of in Vitro Antioxidant, Anticholinergic, and Antiepileptic Activities of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Yurt, Bayram; Sağlamtaş, Rüya; Demir, Yeliz; İzol, Ebubekir; Diril, Halit; Caglayan, Cuneyt
Crocus cancellatus, Scilla siberica subsp. armena, Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus ve Anthriscus nemorosa gibi tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler birçok farklı biyolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Antioksidanlar birçok hastalığın önlenmesinde önemli rol oynarken, metabolik enzimlerin inhibisyonu da birçok hastalığın önlenmesinde etkilidir. Bu çalışmada, dört farklı tıbbi ve aromatik bitki türünün su, etanol ve diklorometan ekstraktlarının antioksidan aktiviteleri 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH•) ve 2,20-azino-bis-3-etilbenzthiazoline-6-sülfonik asit (ABTS•+) radikal giderme ve Cu2+, Fe3+ ve Fe3+-TPTZ indirgeme deneyleri ile belirlenmiştir. Enzim inhibisyon çalışmaları metabolik enzimler olan asetilkolinesteraz, bütirilkolinesteraz, karbonik anhidraz I ve II izoenzimleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. A. nemorosa'nın etanol ekstresi DPPH ve ABTS deneylerinde en yüksek aktiviteyi göstermiştir (IC50: 17.36 µg mL-1, IC50: 7.02 µg mL-1). Fe3+ indirgeme deneyinde, A. nemorosa'nın diklorometan ekstresi en yüksek aktiviteyi göstermiştir (1.96±0.060 µg mL-1). Cu2+ indirgeme deneyinde, J. oxycedrus'un diklorometan ekstresi en yüksek aktiviteyi göstermiştir (1.773±0.066 µg mL-1). Fe3+-TPTZ indirgeme deneyinde, S. siberica'nın etanol ekstraktı en yüksek aktiviteyi göstermiştir (1.256±0.011 µg mL-1). Enzim inhibisyon sonuçlarında, tüm bitkilerin çalışılan enzimleri inhibe ettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerden olan bu dört bitkinin yüksek biyolojik aktiviteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Zingerone on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Modulating the Levels of Caspase-3/Bax Nlrp3/Nf-κb and Atf6/Ire1 Signaling Pathways
(Academic Press inc Elsevier Science, 2024) Eriten, Berna; Caglayan, Cuneyt; Gur, Cihan; Kucukler, Sefa; Diril, Halit
Objective: Long-term exposure to arsenic has been linked to several illnesses, including hypertension, diabetes, hepatic and renal diseases and cardiovascular malfunction. The aim of the current investigation was to determine whether zingerone (ZN) could shield rats against the hepatotoxicity that sodium arsenite (SA) causes. Methods: The following five groups of thirty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were created: I) Control; received normal saline, II) ZN; received ZN, III) SA; received SA, IV) SA + ZN 25; received 10 mg/kg body weight SA + 25 mg/kg body weight ZN, and V) SA + ZN 50; received 10 mg/kg body weight SA + 50 mg/kg body weight ZN. The experiment lasted 14 days, and the rats were sacrificed on the 15th day. While oxidative stress parameters were studied by spectrophotometric method, apoptosis, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress parameters were measured by RT-PCR method. Results: The SA disrupted the histological architecture and integrity of the liver and enhanced oxidative damage by lowering antioxidant enzyme activity, such as those of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) level and increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the liver tissue. Additionally, SA increased the mRNA transcript levels of Bcl2 associated x (Bax), caspases (-3, -6, -9), apoptotic protease -activating factor 1 (Apaf-1), p53, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF- alpha), nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta ), interleukin-6 (IL -6), c -Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), MAPK15, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and nod -like receptor family pyrin domain -containing 3 (NLRP3) in the liver tissue. Also produced endoplasmic reticulum stress by raising the mRNA transcript levels of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6), protein kinase RNA -like ER kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), and glucose -regulated protein 78 (GRP-78). These factors together led to inflammation, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. On the other hand, liver tissue treated with ZN at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg showed significant improvement in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Conclusions: Overall, the study ' s data suggest that administering ZN may be able to lessen the liver damage caused by SA toxicity.
Investigation of Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Cardioprotective Effects of Combined Metformin and Exercise in Rats
(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2024) Beyazcicek, Ozge; Beyazcicek, Ersin; Gok, Ali; Tekbas, Murat; Diril, Halit; Demir, Serif
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and cardioprotective effects of exercise and metformin treatment applied alone or in combination. Material and Methods: In this study, 42 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were separated into six groups as control (CONT), exercise (EXE), 100 mg/kg metformin (M100), 200 mg/kg metformin (M200), 100 mg/kg metformin+exercise (M100+EXE), and 200 mg/kg metformin+exercise (M200+EXE). Exercise was applied for 10 weeks including exercise training. Metformin was administered 30 minutes before exercise. At the end of the study, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I), creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum samples from rats were quantified using the ELISA method. Results: The combined application of metformin and exercise significantly decreased cTn-I, CK-MB, MDA, TNF-alpha, CRP and IL-6 levels (p<0.001). In contrast, it increased SOD, CAT, GPx, and IL-10 levels significantly (p<0.001). AGlucose levels of groups treated alone or in combination were found statistically significantly less than CONT group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that both metformin and exercise administration, alone or in combination, exert significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects in Wistar rats. These results suggest that combining metformin therapy with regular exercise may offer a synergistic approach to reducing cardiovascular risk factors and enhancing antioxidant defenses.