Browsing by Author "Erdem, M.Z."

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Anterior Clinoid Process in Chiari Malformation Type 2: Measurements, Classifications, Pneumatization Ratio, and Clinical Relevance
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2025) Karaaslanli, A.; Aslanoǧlu, B.; Erdem, M.Z.; Yalinkiliç, A.; Beger, B.; Şerifoǧlu, L.; Beger, O.
Objective: To reveal differences in morphologies of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) in patients with Chiari malformation type 2 (CMT2) by comparing normal subjects. Methods: Computed tomography slices of 50 CMT2 (sex: 21 females and 29 males, and mean age: 9.04±5.85 y) and 50 controls (sex: 21 females and 29 males, and mean age: 8.69±5.34 y) were included in the work. The angle (AACP), width (WACP), and length (LACP) of ACP, the width (WOS), and length (LOS) of the optic strut (OS), and the distance (DisOSACP) of OS to ACP were measured. Results: Patients with CMT2 had smaller LACP (P<0.001) and DisOSACP (P=0.007) than controls, but similar WACP, AACP, LOS, and WOS (P>0.05). ACP pneumatization was observed in 10% of CMT2s (10 ACPs) and 12% of controls (12 ACPs). CMT2 did not correlate with the pneumatization (P=0.651). Three configurations regarding ACP pneumatization were detected in CMT2 (types 0: 90%, 1: 8%, and 2: 2%) and controls (types 0: 89%, 1: 9%, and 2: 2%). Four types related to OS position were detected in CMT2 (types B: 5%, C: 30%, D: 51%, and E: 14%) and controls (types B: 3%, C: 15%, D: 69%, and E: 13%). This classification was affected by CMT2 (P=0.041). Conclusions: CMT2s have more anteriorly located OS, and shorter ACP by comparison controls. There is no association between CMT2 and the incidence of ACP pneumatization. Copyright © 2025 Mutaz B. Habal, MD. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
Comparative Evaluation of AI-Based Systems for Tinnitus
(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2025) Yalınkılıç, A.; Erdem, M.Z.
Introduction: Today, with the development of technology, the variety of information sources has increased. It is now possible to access information obtained from encyclopedias in seconds with a few clicks of a button. Rapid developments in artificial in telligence (AI) and the widespread use of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity have revolutionized access to medi cal information. However, the accuracy and readability of the answers provided by these models are critical, especially in the healthcare domain. This study evaluates the performance of ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity in addressing frequently asked questions abou t tinnitus, a common symptom in otolaryngology practice. Materials and Methods: Twenty frequently asked questions about tinnitus were posed to the models and their responses were evaluated by two otolaryngologists using global quality (GQS) and Likert scales for accuracy and reliability and the Gunni ng-Fog Index (GFI) for readability. Results: The findings reveal no significant difference in the reliability and quality of information between the models, but it was ob served that Gemini came out ahead in readability and ChatGPT in accuracy. However, Perplexity lagged in both metrics. These results highlight the varying strengths and weaknesses of LLMs, emphasizing the importance of model selection based on user needs. For example, ChatGPT is ideal for complex medical information, while Gemini is more accessible to wider audiences. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of AI-enabled systems in healthcare; however, we suggest that future improvements should increase both accuracy and accessibility. © 2025, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.
Revisiting the Sphenoid Sinus Anatomy in Trisomy 21: A CT Study
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Arslan, B.; Erdem, M.Z.; Yalınkılıç, A.; Karaaslanlı, A.; Beǧer, B.; Sönmez, B.; Koç, T.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare morphologic features of the sphenoid sinus (SS) in patients with trisomy 21 (T21) with a control group. METHODS: This retrospective study contained computed tomography images of 50 T21s and 60 controls. Of 50 T21 patients aged 11.38±4.21 years, 22 were females and 28 were males. Of 60 controls aged 11.25±4.61 years, 30 were females and 30 were males. The volume (SSV), surface area (SSA), width (SSW), thickness (SST), and height (SSH) of SS were measured. The shape of SS was noted. RESULTS: In T21s, median values for SSV, SSA, SSW, SST, and SSH were determined as 1.99 mm 3 , 1.52 mm 2 , 20.10 mm, 9.85 mm, and 13.60 mm, respectively. In controls, median values for SSV, SSA, SSW, SST, and SSH were determined as 9.55 mm 3 , 5.50 mm 2 , 30.44 mm, 19.67 mm, and 19.88 mm, respectively. T21s had statistically smaller SSV, SSA, SSW, SST, and SSH compared with controls ( P <0.001). Four types related to SS shape were observed in T21s (conchal: 42%, presellar: 30%, sellar: 24%, and postsellar: 4%) and controls (presellar: 33.3%, sellar: 31.7%, postsellar: 30%, and conchal: 5%). Thus, SS shape was affected by T21s ( P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with T21 had statistically smaller SSV (about 79%), SSA (about 72%), SSW (about 34%), SST (about 50%), and SSH (about 32%) compared with controls. The most common pneumatization pattern in T21s was the conchal type. © © 2025 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.