Browsing by Author "Erdem, Mehmet Zeki"
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Article Age-Dependent Changes in the Hyoid Bone Morphology in Children(Springer France, 2024) Beger, Burhan; Yalinkilic, Abdulaziz; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Akdemir, Zulkuf; Beger, OrhanPurposeThis radiologic work aimed to display the alteration in the hyoid bone (HB) morphology in the pediatric population with advancing age. MethodsThis pediatric examination consisted of computed tomography images of 129 subjects (49 males / 80 females) aged 1-17 years. ResultsThe anterior-posterior length of HB, the lengths of right and left greater horns, the width and height of HB's body, and the distance between the midpoints of the posterior ends of the greater horns increased with advancing age (p < 0.001), but the angle of the right and left greater horns (p = 0.022) decreased. Four configurations regarding HB shape were observed: Type A (U-shaped HB) in 8.5% (11 HBs) out of 129 children, Type B (B-shaped HB) in 33.3% (43 HBs), Type C (D-shaped HB) in 45% (58 HBs), and Type D (V-shaped HB) in 13.2% (17 HBs). HB shape types correlated with the pediatric age (p < 0.001), but not gender (p = 0.153). ConclusionsMost of the parameters increased until the postpubescent period, but the angle of the right and left greater horns decreased after the late childhood. Our linear functions representing the growth pattern of HB in children may be useful to estimate HB size.Article Angulation and Dimension of the Sphenoid Ridge in Chiari Malformation Type 2(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2025) Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Beǧer, Burhan; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Sönmez, Bülent; Karaaslanlı, Abdulmutalip; Arslan, Bilal; Koç, TuranObjective: To reveal differences in the sphenoid ridge (SR) morphology in patients with Chiari malformation type 2 (CMT2) by comparison with normal subjects. Methods: Study universe consisted of pediatric computed tomography images of 50 CMT2 (sex: 23 females and 27 males, and mean age: 7.58 ± 5.64 y) and 50 controls (sex: 24 females and 26 males, and mean age: 7.52 ± 5.47 y). SR's length (L-SR), angle (A-SR), width at the lateral tip (LW-SR), width at the midpoint (MPW-SR), and width at the midline (MLW-SR) were measured. Results: In comparison with controls, CMT2 patients had smaller L-SR (P = 0.008), but statistically similar A-SR (P = 0.353), MPW-SR (P = 0.232), LW-SR (P = 0.241), and MLW-SR (P = 0.062). Three configurations regarding A-SR types were observed in CMT2 (types A: 22%, B: 63%, and C: 15%) and controls (types A: 16%, B: 75%, and C: 9%). The distribution of A-SR types according to study groups displayed that CMT2 did not correlate with A-SR types (P = 0.175). Conclusion: L-SR and A-SR may represent anterior fossa width and middle fossa depth, respectively; therefore, patients with CMT2 have narrower anterior fossa, but similar middle fossa depth. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Specialist Thesis Comparison of Endonasal Dcr Surgery Using Cautery and Surgical Blade Technique in Cases of Chronic Dacryocystitis(2024) Beyazpolat, Şifa; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Yalınkılıç, AbdulazizAmaç: Epifora, gözyaşının yetersiz drenajına bağlı olarak burun boşluğuna ulaşamaması nedeniyle gözlerde sulanma ile karakterize bir klinik durumdur. Epiforanın en yaygın nedeni edinsel nazolakrimal kanal tıkanıklığıdır. Erişkinlerde strandart tedavi yöntemi olarak eksternal dakriyosistorinostomi ameliyatı uygulanmaktadır. Son yıllarda endoskopik cihazların gelişmesi ve yaygın olarak kullanılmasıyla endoskopik dakriyosistorinostomi daha sık ve güvenilir olarak uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kronik dakriyosistite bağlı edinsel nazolakrimal kanal tıkanıklığı olan olgularda cerrahi bıçak ve koter kullanılarak yapılan endoskopik dakriyosistorinostomi sonrası nazal sineşi komplikasyonu ve başarı oranlarını karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Göz Hastalıkları polikliniğine epifora şikayeti ile başvuran ve yapılan oftalmolojik muayene ve tetkikler sonrası kronik dakriyosistit tanısı alan ve kulak burun boğaz hastalıkları polikliniğinde yapılan endoskopik nazal muayenesinde nazal patoloji izlenmeyen 60 hasta değerlendirmeye alındı. 30 hastaya koter ile diğer 30 hastaya cerrahi bıçak ile endoskopik dakriyosistorinostomi ameliyatı yapıldı. Ameliyat sonrası 1. ve 6. ay kontrol muayeneleri yapıldı. Bulgular: Cinsiyet dağılımı açısından kadın hastalar çoğunluktaydı. Toplamda hastaların 50'si (%83,3) kadın, 10'u (%16,7) erkekti. Kadın hastaların 23'üne (%46) bıçak yöntemi, 27'sine (%54) koter yöntemi ile operasyon yapıldı. Erkek hastaların 7'sine (%70) bıçak yöntemi, 3'üne (%30) koter yöntemi ile operasyon yapıldı. Toplamda 25 (%41) hastaya sol taraftan, 30 (%50) hastaya sağ taraftan, 5 (%9) hastaya bilateral operasyon yapıldı. Bıçak yöntemi kullanılan hasta grubundaki yaş ortalaması 43,77±15,84 idi. Koter yöntemi kullanılan hasta grubundaki yaş ortalaması 38,27±12,12 idi. Hastaların minimum takip süresi 6 aydı. Hastaların yapılan 1. ay kontrollerine toplam 14 hastada (%23) nazal sineşi izlendi. Bu hastalardan 3'ü (%21,4) bıçak yöntemi ile opere edilen hastalardan oluşurken 11'i (%78,6) koter yöntemi ile opere edilen hastalardan oluşuyordu. Bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). Bıçak yöntemi ile opere edilen hastaların yapılan 1. ay kontrollerinde 1 (%33,3) hastada gözde sulanma şikayetleri devam ederken, 6. ayda hastaların 7'sinde (%43,8) şikayeti devam ediyordu. Koter yöntemi ile opere edilen hastaların yapılan 1. ay kontrollerinde 2 (%66,7) hastada şikayetleri devam ederken, 6. ayda hastaların 9'unda (%56,3) şikayetleri devam ediyordu. Bıçak yöntemi kullanılan hastalarda %76,6 koter yöntemi kullanılan hastalarda %70 oranında başarı sağlanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda endoskopik dakriyosistorinostomide bıçak yöntemi koter yöntemine karşı daha az nazal sineşi komplikasyonu potansiyelinin olduğu ve her iki yöntemin başarı oranının aynı olduğunu gözlemledik. Anahtar kelimeler: Epifora, koter tekniği, bıçak tekniği, nazolakrimal kanal tıkanıklığı, endoskopik endonazal dakriyosistorinostomi, dakriyosistit.Article Comparison of the Efficacy of Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) and Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) in Neonatal Hearing Screening(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2024) Garça, Mehmet Fatih; Erdem, Mehmet ZekiTo investigate the correlation among auditory steady-state response (ASSR) and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and screening brainstem auditory evoked response (s -BAER) tests in children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). TEOAE, multiple-ASSR, and click s-BAER recordings and analyses of 30 healthy newborns and 74 newborns with high- risk of SNHL were performed prospectively. The three techniques were compared between healthy and high -risk SNHL newborns. In addition, average test durations were calculated in minutes. Hyperbilirubinemia requiring transfusion was the most common ris k factor in the high-risk SNHL group. In the ASSR test, the rate of failure was higher at low frequencies and was dramatically lower at high frequencies. In both ASSR and TEOAE, the sensitivity and accuracy rates increased at high frequencies. Average test duration (including preparations) was 30.2±6.45 min for multiple-ASSR, 1.26±0.81 min for TEOAE, and 1.86±0.87 min for s-BAER. Multiple-ASSR was found to be more sensitive in predicting behavioral hearing status compared to TEOAE. Based on our findings, we consider that multiple-ASSR is an objective test that can be used safely in predicting rapid frequency -specific behavioral hearing of bilateral ears simultaneously without requiring practitioner’s interpretation, particularly in high -risk neonates. However, further evidence and studies are needed to ensure that the newborn’s hearing prediction alone is sufficient.Specialist Thesis Comparison of the Efficiacy of Auditory Steady-State Response(ASSR) With Otoacoustic Emissions in Newborn Hearing Screening(2014) Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Garça, Mehmet FatihPediatrik odyolojide amaç işitme tayininde frekansa spesifik işitme eşiklerini belirlemede güvenilir sonuçlar veren prosedürleri belirlemektir. Bu çalışmada amaç sensorinöral işitme kaybı olan çocuklarda işitme taramasında işitsel hazır durum cevabı ( auditory steady-state response-ASSR) ile taramada kullanılan otoakustik emisyon ve tarama uyarılmış işitsel beyinsapı cevapları (audiometry brain stem response- ABR) testleri arasındaki korelasyonu araştırmak. Materyal ve Metod Prospektif olarak sağlıklı 30 yenidoğan ve Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) 2007 tarafından modifiye edilen kriterlere göre işitme kaybı açısından yüksek riskli 74 yenidoğanın TEOAE kayıtları, multi-uyaran ASSR ve klik tarama BERA ve yapıldı. Sağlıklı ve riskli yenidoğanlarda elde edilen frekansa özgü ASSR sonuçları TEOAE ve klik t-BERA sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldı. Çalışma süresince her bir yenidoğan için TEOAE, multi-uyaran ASSR ve klik t-BERA için geçen süre dakika olarak ölçüldü. Sonuçlar Sağlıklı 30 ve riskli 74 olmak üzere 104 yenidoğanda toplam 208 kulağın işitme testleri yapıldı. Riskli grupta en sık tranfüzyon gerektiren hiperbilirubinemili hastalar vardı. Tüm yenidoğanların frekansa özgü multi-uyaran ASSR sonuçlarında düşük frekanslarda testten kalan yenidoğanlar fazla iken yüksek frekanslarda bu oranlar dramatik azalmaktadır. Sağlıklı grupta TEOAE ile %6.66, riskli grupta ise %31.08 testten kalırken Multi-uyaran ASSR de tüm sağlıklılar testten geçerken riskli gurupta bu oranlar 2000 Hz de sırasıyla 5 (%4,8) ve 8 (%7,7) olarak görüldü. ASSR ile TEOAE arasındaki karşılaştırma yüksek frekanslarda duyarlılık ve doğruluk oranı artmaktadır. Benzer durum riskli yenidoğan grubunda da gözlendi. 500 Hz'de toplam 146 kulaktan 75 (%50,68) kulak testten kalırken bu oran yüksek frekanslar da azalmakta 4000 Hz'de 8 (%5,47) yenidoğanın testten kaldığı görüldü. ASSR ile t-BERA sonuçları arasında duyarlılık ve doğruluk oranı uyumu en fazla 2000 Hz de olduğu görüldü. Multi-uyarımlı ASSR ile bir yenidoğanın test süresi hazırlıklar dahil 30,1 (+/-6,4) dakika olarak ölçüldü. Bu süre TEOAE da 1,26 (+/-0,81) ve t-BERA'da 1,86 (+/-0,87) dakika olarak ölçüldü. Yargı Multi-uyaran ASSR uyuyan yenidoğan davranışsal işitme tahmininde TEOAE ile karşılaştırmasında duyarlı olduğu görüldü. Özellikle riskli yenidoğanlarda Multi-uyaran ASSR uygulamacının yorumuna gerektirmeden aynı anda iki kulağın hızlı frekansa spesifik davranışsal işitme tahmininde güvenle kullanılabilecek bir objektif testtir. Buna karşın yenidoğanda işitme tahmininde tek başına yeterliliğine daha fazla kanıt sağlamak için çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.Article Efficacy of Infliximab in Experimental Tracheal Stenosis(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Yalinkilic, Abdulaziz; Yalinkilic, Fatma Ayaz; Beger, Burhan; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Ucar, Hadice; Beger, OrhanObjective:This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of infliximab, a TNF-alpha inhibitor, on epithelial damage, inflammation, and fibrosis in experimental tracheal stenosis.Methods:Rats were divided into 3 groups. In group 1 (the control group), no procedure was applied. Tracheotomy was opened in the other groups. The laryngotracheal mucosa of the rats was traumatized with a brush through the tracheostoma to create a stenosis model. After surgery, group 2 (the infliximab group) received 5 mg/kg infliximab intraperitoneally. In group 3 (the sham group) only 0.5 ml of saline (0.9% NaCl) was administered intraperitoneally. After 14 days, the rats were sacrificed. Tracheal rings were excised, and epithelial damage, inflammation, and fibrosis were evaluated histopathologically.Results:Infliximab reduced the formation of epithelial damage (P=0.002), fibrosis (P=0.001), and inflammation (P=0.003) compared with the sham and control group.Conclusion:This was the first investigation displaying the effects of infliximab on tracheal stenosis. The authors' experimental results may offer guidance for further studies. Their experience presents novel sights into optimizing outcomes in tracheal stenosis surgery, and so paves the way for further clinical examinations.Article Endaural Over-Underlay Cartilage Tympanoplasty for Repair of Dry Subtotal Perforations(Sage Publications inc, 2021) Cetin, Yaser Said; Erdem, Mehmet ZekiObjectives: We explored the auditory and anatomical success of grafting when the cartilage perichondrium (CP) was prepared using two different methods. Methods: Patients with subtotal or total perforation underwent tympanoplasty with a CP graft. A V-shaped groove for the handle of the malleus was prepared for CP grafts in patients in group 1. Patients in group 2 did not have a groove on the graft. The anatomical success of the graft was evaluated as success, partial success, or failure. Results of auditory evaluations were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 195 patients were included in the study. The total CP graft integration rate was 96% for both groups. Significant changes were detected in all hearing criteria evaluated 12 months after surgery compared to the preoperative period (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the relationship between graft technique and postoperative hearing results. However, rates of partial success were significantly higher for group 1 than group 2 (P = .033). Conclusion: Cartilage slice support offers an extremely reliable method for reconstruction of tympanic membrane in cases of high-risk perforation. Partial failures are rare, but when they occur, they most often involved anterior graft medialization. When a piece of cartilage is removed at the malleus interface there may be a higher rate of partial failure.Article Investigation of II-18 Gene Polymorphisms in Chronic Otitis Media: A Case-Control Study(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2025) Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Bozan, Nazim; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Aǧirbaş, Semra; Berköz, MehmetChronic otitis media (COM) is associated with impairments in language development and communication, poor quality of life, and severe complications. It includes chronic inflammation and immunologic mechanisms. IL-18 also is involved in chronic inflammation and inflammatory conditions. This study aims to examine the association of IL-18 gene-137 G/C and-607 C/A polymorphisms with COM. The study included 195 COM patients and 185 healthy individuals. DNA isolation was performed according to the Poncz method and polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The COM group was divided into two groups according to presence/absence of cholesteatoma. Genotype frequencies for IL-18-137 G/C polymorphism were 42.56% GG, 45.13% GC, and 12.31% CC in the COM group, and 42.70%, 43.78%, and 13.52% in the control group (p=0.88, p=0.73). For IL-18-607 C/A, frequencies were 41.54% CC, 37.44% CA, and 21.02% AA in COM, compared to 41.62%, 32.97%, and 25.41% in controls (p=0.58, p=0.48). No significant differences were found, but-137 CC and-607 AA genotypes were associated with reduced COM risk. Although no statistically significant association was found,-137 CC and-607 AA genotypes may have a protective role in COM. These findings highlight the potential role of genetic factors in COM pathogenesis, contributing to future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Specialist Thesis Investigation of the Protective Effect of Pirfenidone on the Salivary Gland in Rats Treated With Radiotherapy(2025) Ağabilmez, Kürşad Kağan; Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Erdem, Mehmet ZekiBu çalışmada, farklı dozlarda radyoterapi uygulanan ratlarda, antifibrotik bir ajan olan pirfenidonun parotis bezi üzerindeki koruyucu etkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, Van YYÜ Deneysel Tıp Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi'nden temin edilen, ortalama ağırlıkları 200-250 gram olan, 2-3 aylık, 30 adet erkek Wistar albino cinsi rat kullanılmıştır. Ratlar her grupta 6 hayvan olacak şekilde 5 gruba ayrılmıştır. Gruplar; Kontrol grubu (serum fizyolojik), Sham 15Gy grubu (15 Gy radyoterapi + serum fizyolojik), PFD (Pirfenidon) 15Gy grubu (15 Gy radyoterapi + pirfenidon), Sham 8Gy grubu (8 Gy radyoterapi + serum fizyolojik) ve PFD 8Gy grubu (8 Gy radyoterapi + pirfenidon) şeklinde oluşturulmuştur. Radyoterapi uygulaması çalışmanın 2. gününde tek seansta gerçekleştirilmiş, pirfenidon tedavisi radyoterapiden bir gün önce başlanarak 15 mg/kg/gün dozunda 7 gün boyunca oral gavaj yoluyla uygulanmıştır. Deney sürecinin sonunda (7. gün) ratlar sakrifiye edilerek parotis gland dokuları alınmış ve histopatolojik inceleme için hazırlanmıştır. Dokular piknozis, lizis, vakuolizasyon, inflamasyon, fibrozis ve atipi parametreleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, pirfenidonun özellikle düşük doz (8 Gy) radyoterapi uygulanan gruplarda belirgin koruyucu etkinlik gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. PFD 8Gy grubunda tüm örneklerde sadece hafif derecede piknozis gözlenirken, Sham 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %33.3'ünde orta derecede piknozis saptanmıştır. Lizis değerlendirmesinde, PFD 8Gy grubunda tüm örneklerde hafif düzeyde lizis gözlenirken, Sham 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %33.3'ünde orta düzeyde lizis tespit edilmiştir. Vakuolizasyon açısından, Sham 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %33.3'ünde çok şiddetli vakuolizasyon görülürken, PFD 8Gy grubunda vakuolizasyon en fazla orta düzeyde kalmıştır. İnflamasyon bulgularında, PFD 8Gy grubunda hiçbir örnekte inflamasyon görülmezken, Sham 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %50'sinde farklı düzeylerde inflamasyon gözlenmiştir. Fibrozis değerlendirmesinde, PFD 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %83.3'ünde hafif düzeyde fibrozis gözlenirken, Sham 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %66.7'sinde orta düzeyde fibrozis saptanmıştır. Atipi açısından, PFD 8Gy grubunda örneklerin %83.3'ünde hafif düzeyde atipi gözlenirken, Sham 8Gy grubunda %66.7'sinde orta düzeyde atipi tespit edilmiştir. Yüksek doz (15 Gy) radyoterapi uygulanan gruplarda ise pirfenidonun koruyucu etkinliği sınırlı kalmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda, pirfenidonun özellikle düşük ve orta doz radyoterapi alan baş-boyun kanseri hastalarında profilaktik ajan olarak kullanılması önerilir. İlacın optimal dozunun ve uygulama süresinin belirlenmesi için daha geniş kapsamlı klinik çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Pirfenidonun farklı radyoterapi dozları ve fraksiyonasyon şemaları ile kombinasyonu araştırılmalı, ilacın biyoyararlanımını artıracak yeni formülasyonların geliştirilmesi ve lokal uygulama yöntemlerinin araştırılması önerilir. Yüksek doz radyoterapi alan hastalarda kombine tedavi yaklaşımları değerlendirilmelidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Radyoterapi, Pirfenidon, Tükrük BeziArticle Isolated Sensorineural Hearing Loss as a Sequela After Lightning Strike(Hindawi Ltd, 2015) Turan, Mahfuz; Kalkan, Ferhat; Bozan, Nazim; Ozcalimli, Isa; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Yalinkilic, Abdulaziz; Garca, Mehmet FatihIn most of the surviving patients after a lightning strike, audiovestibular abnormalities have been reported. The most frequently reported type of abnormalities is a tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss and external ear canal burn. However a sensor neural hearing loss and mixed type hearing loss can also occur, but these occur rarely. A nineteen-year-old female patient had, after a lightning strike, serious burns on the left ear, behind the ear, and on the chest and neck. She also had in her left ear 108 dB hearing loss with irregular central perforation and in her right ear 52 dB sensorineural hearing loss. There was no hearing loss before the strike. A hearing aid was recommended for the right ear and good care and follow-up were recommended for the left ear. A lightning strike can cause serious audiological damage. Therefore, it is necessary to make a careful audiovestibular evaluation of the patients. Although there exist rarely healed cases from sensorineural hearing loss after lightning strike in literature, in our case hearing loss occurred bilaterally and then it healed unilaterally. This condition is quite rare in literature.Article Pediatric Anatomy of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Views(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Beger, Burhan; Yalinkilic, Abdulaziz; Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Mengi, Sevinc; Beger, OrhanObjective: This study aimed to investigate morphologic features of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in children for pediatric head-neck surgeries. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging images of 84 (46 males/38 females) pediatric patients aged ages 1 to 18 years (mean age: 9.38 +/- 4.46 y) constituted the study universe. The size of SCM (including its height, width, and angulation) was measured, and the origin types of SCM were noted. Results: All patients had SCM bilaterally. The origin variation of SCM was observed in 22 sides (13.10%). The authors observed type 1 in 146 sides (86.90%), type 2a in 15 sides (8.90%), type 3 in 2 sides (1.20%), type 4 in 1 side (0.60%), and type 5 in 4 sides (2.40%). The absence and presence of SCM variation were not affected by sex (P = 0.370) and side (P = 0.360). All measured parameters were similar in right and left sides, and also in males and females, except from the angle between the junction of the sternal and clavicular heads of SCM. The angle was greater in males than females (P = 0.004). All measured parameters increased with advancing age (between 1 and 18 y; P < 0.05). Conclusion: The authors' SCM-related data may be useful for clinicians to estimate the size origin variations of SCM in children.Article Sphenoid Sinus Size and Shape in Chiari Malformation Type 2(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2025) Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Beǧer, Burhan; Aǧirbaş, Semra; Karaaslanlı, Abdulmutalip; Kiliç, Ridvan; Çetin, Ceyda ŞevvalObjective: The aim of the study was to compare the morphologic features of the sphenoid sinus in patients with Chiari malformation type 2 (CMT2) with a control group. Methods: This retrospective study contained computed tomography images of 42 CMT2s and 45 controls. Of 42 CMT2 patients aged 12.55 ± 5.81 years, 23 were females and 19 were males. Of 45 controls aged 12.16 ± 4.89 years, 22 were females and 23 were males. The volume, surface area, width, thickness, and height of the sphenoid sinus were measured, and its shape (postsellar, sellar, presellar, and conchal) was noted. Results: Patients with CMT2 had smaller the sphenoid sinus’s volume (P = 0.035), surface area (P = 0.032), width (P = 0.022), thickness (P = 0.039), and height (P = 0.021) than controls. Four configurations regarding shape types of the sphenoid sinus were detected in CMT2 (postsellar: 31%, sellar: 23.80%, presellar: 26.20%, and conchal: 19%) and controls (postsellar: 35.60%, sellar: 31.10%, presellar: 28.90%, and conchal: 4.40%). CMT2 did not correlate with shape of the sphenoid sinus (P = 0.200). Conclusions: CMT2 patients have a small sinus compared with controls. This work may be useful to understand anatomic properties of the sphenoid bone such patients. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Article Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: Preoperative Imaging, Postoperative Pathology Results, and Revision Surgery Experiences(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2025) Erdem, Mehmet Zeki; Aǧirbaş, Semra; Yalınkılıç, Abdulaziz; Beǧer, Burhan; Yalinkiliç, Fatma Ayaz; Beger, OrhanThyroglossal duct cyst is one of the most common congenital cystic lesions of the neck, resulting from the failure of the thyroglossal duct to close during the embryonic period. Discrepancies may occur between preoperative imaging findings and postoperative histopathological results. While a definitive diagnosis is made through histopathological examination, the Sistrunk procedure is widely used for treatment. Retrospective data of 71 patients who underwent surgery with a preliminary diagnosis of TGDC between 20 10 and 2023 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, presenting complaints, preoperative imaging findings, pathology reports, and surgical outcomes were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v25) software. The mean age of the patients was 25.4 years, with 50.7% being female and 49.3% male. Among 41 patients who underwent preoperative imaging, thyroglossal duct cyst was diagnosed in 30 cases, but pathology results confirmed the diagnosis in only 11 cases. The overall concordance rate was 35.2%. The revision surgery rate was 4.2%, and pathology results in these cases did not support thyroglossal duct cyst. The diagnostic accuracy of preoperative imaging methods is limited. Histopathological examination is critical for improving diagnostic accuracy and evaluating malignancy. A multidisciplinary approach can enhance diagnostic and treatment processes. Histopathological examination is the gold standard in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroglossal duct cyst. A multidisciplinary approach can improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce postoperative complications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.