Browsing by Author "Erez, M. Emre"

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Cevizlerde (Juglans Regia L.) Mevsimsel Kambiyal Aktivite ile Hormonal Değişiklikler Arasındaki İlişkiler
(2005) Kazankaya, Ahmet; Doğan, Adnan; Battal, Peyami; Yörük, İbrahim; Erez, M. Emre; Türker, Musa
Cevizlerde (Juglans regia L.) bitkisel hormonlar ile mevsimsel kambiyal farklılaşma arasındaki ilişkilerinin incelendiği bu çalışmada; kambiyumun 3-4 sıra hücreden oluştuğu, kambiyal aktivitenin Haziranın ortalarında başladığı gözlenmiştir. Bahar odunu oluşumu esnasında kambiyum hücrelerinin uzunluğu ve genişliği sırasıyla 12.50 fim ve 4.75 um olduğu tespit edilirken, yaz odunu oluşumu Temmuz'un sonlarında başladığı tespit edilmiştir. Yaz odununda ise kambiyum hücrelerinin uzunluğu ve genişliği sırasıyla 11.50- 5.75 $\\mu$ m olduğu, bahar odununda en büyük ve küçük trake çapının lümen büyüklüğü 52.25-16.50 $\\mu$ m olduğu saptanmıştır. Aynı örneklerde en büyük ve en küçük trakeid çapları sırasıyla 18.25-13.50 $\\mu$ m olarak, yaz odunda en büyük ve en küçük trake çapının lümen büyüklüğü 32.25-10.50 $\\mu$ m olduğu gözlenmiştir. Aynı örneklerde en büyük ve en küçük trakeid çapları sırasıyla 12.50- 7,25 $\\mu$ m olarak belirlendi. Bitkisel hormonlardan büyümeyi teşvik eden ve engelleyen indol asetik asit (IAA), gibberellik asit (GAs), zeatin ve absisik asit (ABA) gibi bitkisel hormonların seviyeleri kambiyal aktivite ile uyum göstermiştir.
Electrochemical Behavior and Electroanalytical Determination of Indole-3 Acid Phytohormone on a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode
(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2011) Yardim, Yavuz; Erez, M. Emre
In this work, a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was used for the electroanalytical determination of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) phytohormone by square-wave voltammetry. IAA yielded a well-defined voltammetric response at +0.93 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in Britton-Robinson buffer, pH 2.0. The process could be used to determine IAA in the concentration range of 5.0 to 50.0 mu M (n=8, r=0.997), with a detection limit of 1.22 mu M. The relative standard deviation of ten measurements was 2.09% for 20.0 mu M IAA. As an example, the practical applicability of BDD electrode was tested with the measurement of IAA in some plant seeds.
An Expert Classification System of Pollen of Onopordum Using a Rough Set Approach
(Elsevier, 2013) Kaya, Yilmaz; Pinar, S. Mesut; Erez, M. Emre; Fidan, Mehmet
Although pollen grains have a complicated 3-dimensional structure, they can be distinguished from one another by their specific and distinctive characteristics. Using microscopic differences between the pollen grains, it may be possible to identify them by family or even at the genus level. However for the identification of pollen grains at the taxon level, we require expert computer systems. For this purpose, we used 20 different pollen types, obtained from the genus Onopordum L (Asteraceae). For each pollen grain, 30 different images were photographed by microscope system and 11 different characteristic features (polar axis, equatorial axis, P/E ratio, colpus length, colpus weight, exine, intine, tectum, nexine, columellea, and echinae length) were measured for the analysis. The data set was formed from 600 samples, obtained from 20 different taxa, with 30 different images. The 440 samples were used for training and the remaining 160 samples were used for testing. The proposed method, a rough set-based expert system, has properly identified 145 of 160 pollen grains correctly. The success of the method for the identification of pollen grains was obtained at 90.625% (145/160). We can expect to achieve more efficient results with different genuses and families, considering the successful results in the same genus. Moreover, using computer-based systems in revision studies will lead us to more accurate and efficient results, and will identify which characters will be more effective for pollen identification. According to the literature, this is the first study for the identification and comparison of pollen of the same genus by using the measurements of distinctive characteristics with computer systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fatty Acid, Sugar and Vitamin Contents in Rose Hip Species
(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008) Yoruk, I. Hakki; Turker, Musa; Kazankaya, Ahmet; Erez, M. Emre; Battal, Peyami; Celik, Ferit
The content of oleic and linoleic acids, glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, vitamin C and E (alpha and delta-tocopherol) was determined in seeds and fruits of Rosa iberice, Rosa canina, Rosa villosa, Rosa dumalis and Rosa pisiformis. The highest level of the compounds in fruits was determined as follows: linoleic acid in R. dumalis (3.150 mu g/g), oleic acid in R. canina (0.57 mu g/g), delta-tocopherol in R. dumalis (10. 12 mu g/g), alpha-tocopherol in R. pisiformis (17.60 mu g/g), vitamin C in R. canina (2855.33 mu g/g), fructose in R. dumalis (18.44 mg/g), glucose in R. dumalis (10.04 mg/g), sucrose in R. canina (5.61 mg/g) and maltose in R. dumalis (1.92 mg/g). The highest level of the compound in seeds was also determined and sequenced as follows: linoleic acid in R. canina (3.97 mu g/g), oleic acid in R. dumalis (10.50 mu g/g), delta-tocopherol in R. canina (7.15 mu g/g), alpha-tocopherol in R. iberice (11.01 mu g/g), vitamin C in R. iberice (952.10 mu g/g), fructose in R. pisiformis (17.20 mg/g), glucose in R. iberice (9.83 mg/g), sucrose in R. dumalis (14.96 mg/g) and maltose in R. canina (2.46 mg/g).
Genetic Diversity Among Some Asparagus Species Using Rdna Its, Cpdna Trnl Intron Sequence and Screening for Antioxidant Activity
(Hard, 2019) Altintas, Serdar; Pakyurek, Mine; Sensoy, Suat; Erez, M. Emre; Inal, Behcet
Three species of genus Asparagus native to Lake Van Basin of Turkey were analyzed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA trnL intron sequence. Furthermore, these species were screened for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS data revealed two clades: the first clade consisted of Asparagus persicus and Asparagus officinalis, and clade II consisted of Asparagus palaestinus. Similarly, phylogenetic analysis using trnL intron sequence revealed two clades. In term of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content, the highest value were measured for acetone extract of Asparagus persicus sample No. 2 and Asparagus persicus sample No. 6, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity using FRAP assay was found for Asparagus persicus sample No. 3. We concluded that these species could be useful for increasing genetic diversity among cultivated species and for breeding.
Identification of Onopordum Pollen Using the Extreme Learning Machine, a Type of Artificial Neural Network
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2014) Kaya, Yilmaz; Pinar, S. Mesut; Erez, M. Emre; Fidan, Mehmet; Riding, James B.
Pollen grains are complex three-dimensional structures, and are identified using specific distinctive morphological characteristics. An efficient automatic system for the accurate and rapid identification of pollen grains would significantly enhance the consistency, objectivity, speed and perhaps accuracy of pollen analysis. This study describes the development and testing of an expert system for the identification of pollen grains based on their respective morphologies. The extreme learning machine (ELM) is a type of artificial neural network, and has been used for automatic pollen identification. To test the equipment and the method, pollen grains from 10 species of Onopordum (a thistle genus) from Turkey were used. In total, 30 different images were acquired for each of the 10 species studied. The images were then used to measure 11 morphological parameters; these were the colpus length, the colpus width, the equatorial axis (E), the polar axis (P), the P/E ratio, the columellae length, the echinae length, and the thicknesses of the exine, intine, nexine and tectum. Pollen recognition was performed using the ELM for the 50-50%, 70-30% and 80-20% training-test partitions of the overall dataset. The classification accuracies of these three training-test partitions of were 84.67%, 91.11% and 95.00%, respectively. Therefore, the ELM exhibited a very high success rate for identifying the pollen types considered here. The use of computer-based systems for pollen recognition has great potential in all areas of palynology for the accurate and rapid accumulation of data.
Levels of Selected Trace Elements, Phytohormones, and Sugars in Pseudomonas-Infected Lycopersicum Esculantum Mill Plants
(Humana Press inc, 2010) Berber, Ismet; Ekin, Suat; Battal, Peyami; Onlu, Harun; Erez, M. Emre
The present study investigated the levels of trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Cd), major elements (Ca and K), phytohormones (trans-Zeatin [t-Z] and gibberellic acid [GA]), and sugars (sucrose and glucose) following inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain. The results of the trace elements analysis showed that Fe (in the first, fourth, eighth, and tenth study days), Cd (in the fourth, eighth, and tenth study days), Cu (in the fourth and eighth study days), and Zn (in the eighth and tenth study days) increased in bacterium-infected tomato plants, compared to healthy plants. The levels of Pb, Ca, and K did not meaningfully determine a change after inoculation with pathogen. In this vein, the increase accumulation rates of Cu, Zn, and Fe in the injured plants can be an important indicator for the plant defense processes towards pathogen attack. Furthermore, in the first, fourth, eighth, and tenth study days, the glucose and sucrose contents crucially decreased in bacterium-infected plants compared to the control groups. The lowest level of sucrose in bacterium-infected plants was observed on the first day. The findings displayed that, when endogenous t-Z levels did not change after inoculation with virulent bacterium strain, there was a reduction in the first, fourth, eighth, and tenth days in the level of GA when compared with the control group levels. Therefore, there may be a link between lower GA level and enhancement in the expression of defense-related genes. The results of this study showed that there are complex relationships among levels of sugar, trace element, and endogenous phytohormone in the regulation of defense mechanisms against bacterial pathogen attacks.
Phytohormone Levels in Germinating Seeds of Zea Mays L. Exposed To Selenium and Aflatoxines
(Springer, 2006) Agar, Guleray; Turker, Musa; Battal, Peyami; Erez, M. Emre
Seeds of Zea mays L. were exposed to allatoxine B1 (AFB1), aflatoxine G1 (AFG1) and selenium (Se) alone and in combination and allowed to germinate. Phytohormone levels of GA-like substances (GAs), trans-Zeatin (t-Z) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) when the roots of the germinating seeds reach 1.5-3.0 cm in length. The levels of endogenous hormones decreased in seeds treated with AFB1 and AFG1 compared to control; however an increase was noted in seeds exposed to AFG1 and Se together. AFB1 and Se treatment caused reduced hormone levels in most of the treatments. When plants were exposed to Se alone, the highest levels of GAs, t-Z and IAA were observed in the application of 800 ppm Se. The highest levels of GAs, t-Z and IAA were observed when seeds were treated with 0.2 ppm AFG1 + 8 ppm Se, 0.2 ppm AFG1 + 8 ppm Se and 0.2 ppm AFG1 + 0.08 ppm Se, respectively, whereas the lowest levels of the hormones were observed in 0.2 ppm AFB1 + 8 ppm Se, 0.2 ppm AFB1 + 0.08 ppm Se and 0.1 ppm AFB1, respectively. In conclusion, the levels of phytohormones were reduced by the treatment of AFB1 and AFG1 alone. However Se removed the negative effect of AFB1 on phytohormones, but not AFB1.