Browsing by Author "Kaptaner, Burak"

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Alterations in Histology and Antioxidant Defense System in the Testes of the Lake Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814)
(Springer, 2016) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Dogan, Abdulahad; Durmus, Atilla
Recent reports have demonstrated gonadal abnormalities in the Lake Van fish (Alburnus tarichi) from Lake Van caused by increasing pollution. In the present study, the fish was collected from an area of Lake Van receiving mainly sewage treatment plant effluent at prespawning period (April) and from a river (Karasu) which is close to the polluted area of the lake and where the fish migrates at spawning period (May). Collected specimens were examined for testicular alterations, gonadosomatic index (GSI), condition factor (CF), and antioxidant defense system biomarkers based on comparison with a reference lake (Ercek) and a reference freshwater inlet (Memedik River). Histological examinations of the testes of fish from the polluted area and the connected river showed various alterations consisting of macrophage aggregates, vacuolation, pyknosis, germ cell degeneration, seminiferous tubule dilation, disorganization of tubules, reduced spermatozoa, and fibrosis. A lower GSI and CF were also observed. Moreover, alterations in the antioxidant system biomarkers were determined in the testis tissues of fish from the Lake Van and Karasu River, indicating oxidative stress. These results suggest that the abnormalities in the testes are causally related to the increased oxidative stress, and pollution in Lake Van may have adversely affected the reproductive health of the lake Van fish.
Ameliorative Role of Cyanus Depressus (M.bieb.) Sojak Plant Extract Against Diabetes-Associated Oxidative-Stress Liver, Kidney, and Pancreas Damage in Rats
(Wiley, 2022) Duman, Kendal Erdem; Dogan, Abdulahad; Kaptaner, Burak
In this original article, we aimed to assess the ameliorative role of Cyanus depressus (CD) plant ethanolic extract treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced liver, kidney, and pancreas damage in rats. The rats were divided into five groups (n = 7): control, CD, Diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + CD, and DM + glibenclamide (Gly). The DM groups were injected with a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally (i.p.). While the CD and DM + CD groups received 400 mg/kg/day intragastrically for 21 days, the DM + Gly group received 3 mg/kg/day of Gly intragastrically throughout the experiment. Statistically significance was accepted as p < .05. According to our liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data, quinic acid, cosmosiin, nicotiflorin, apigenin, and protocatechuic acid were the major compounds, in descending order. Weekly blood glucose, serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and urea, malondialdehyde (MDA) (liver and pancreas), and blood glycosylated hemoglobin % (HbA1c %) were significantly decreased, whereas finally live body weights (LBWs), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) (pancreas), and pancreatic islet diameter and area were increased significantly in the CD-treated diabetic group. Moreover, CD administration was found to be effective in the protection of the histology of the liver, kidneys, and pancreatic islets in the STZ-induced rats. Consequently, we concluded that CD administration reduces hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and histopathology in STZ-induced experimental rats by improving antioxidant defenses. Practical applications Today, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly throughout the world and it causes complications such as kidney damage, blindness, amputations, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite medical technological advances, people's interest in medicinal herbal products is gradually increasing. Biochemical and histopathological findings showed that the use of the plant CD at the determined dose (400 mg/kg/day) in rats with DM by STZ had strong antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. CD may have a drug potential in preventing DM and its complications because of its phytochemical content including some phenolic acids such as quinic acid, cosmosiin, nicotiflorin, apigenin, and protocatechuic acid. Isolation of bioactive compounds from CD and investigation of their therapeutic effects could be planned as further studies.
Analysis of Germ Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Androgenesis in the Lake Van Fish (Chalcalburnus Tarichi) During Testicular Development
(Springer, 2013) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
In the present study, the testis histology, gonadosomatic index (GSI), germ cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) levels of male Chalcalburnus tarichi were analyzed. According to the histological examinations of the specimens that were caught between February 2009 and January 2010, three testicular stages were determined. Those stages were as follows: (1) recrudescence or prespawning (July-April), (2) spawning (May-June), and (3) postspawning (July). It was observed that the GSI increased gradually, starting from the recrudescence stage, and it reached peak values at the spawning stage, while the lowest values were in the postspawning. Germ cell proliferation in the testis was detected using a proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and germ cell apoptosis was detected by transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. The germ cell PCNA and apoptosis index values were calculated. It was indicated that germ cell proliferation was observed in all of the testicular stages. The highest germ cell PCNA index (PI) levels were detected in July, August, and September, which then dropped in October and stabilized between February and April. The lowest PI values were detected in the spawning stage (May-June). Germ cell apoptosis was observed in all of the months, and the highest apoptotic index values were detected in August, September, October, May, and June. Plasma 11-KT and T levels were at their highest levels in May and June, and it was detected as stabile in the other months. There was a correlation between GSI, PI, and plasma androgen levels. In conclusion, the present data illustrate testicular development stages for C. tarichi and show changes in the level of GSI and sex steroid biosynthesis through spermatogenesis.
Antioxidant Defense System Parameters in Isolated Fish Hepatocytes Exposed To Bisphenol a - Effect of Vitamin C
(Akademiai Kiado Zrt, 2016) Kaya, Ozlem; Kaptaner, Burak
In this study, isolated hepatocytes of pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi) were exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mu M for 24 h. Moreover, an in vitro antioxidant concentration of vitamin C (50 mu M) was administrated to the culture medium along with the BPA exposures. Next, the antioxidant defense system parameters were analyzed. According to the results, the highest concentration of BPA (200 mu M) proved to be severely toxic for the cells. The increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), the fluctuated activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the decreased content of reduced glutathione (GSH) were compared to the control group after the BPA exposures. Vitamin C co-administration was found to cause further increases in the SOD, GPx, and GST activities in some of the experimental groups and vitamin C could not restore the GSH content. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed to be unaffected in all exposure groups. These results show that BPA causes alterations in the antioxidant defenses of the isolated fish hepatocytes. In addition, vitamin C co-administration along with BPA was found to be non-protective against BPA-induced oxidative stress, consequently, aggravated a negative BPA impact.
Antioxidant Responses in the Cytotoxicity of Isolated Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Hepatocytes Induced by Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2020) Kaptaner, Gurbet Ceylan; Bati, Bedia; Kaptaner, Burak
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer that is widely used. In the present study, the primary cultured hepatocytes of rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) were exposed to DEHP (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 1.1M) for 24 h and the cytotoxic effects were investigated using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and antioxidant defense system biomarkers. According to the results, DEHP caused significant LDH releases at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mu M. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly with 25 mu M DEHP, whereas its activity was significantly decreased with 100 mu M DEHP. The catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased with all of the DEHP concentrations, while a simultaneous decrease in CAT activity with SOD activity was observed with 100 mu M DEHP. The glutathione peroxidase activity increased with all of the DEHP concentrations. The glutathione-S-transferase activity remained unchanged with 25, 50, and 100 mu M DEHP, but increased significantly with 200 mu M DEHP. Levels of reduced glutathione elevated with 50 and 200 mu M DEHP. The results suggested that DEHP cytotoxicity is involved in antioxidant responses in hepatocytes. The study will offer insight into the mechanism of DEHP-induced cytotoxicity.
Apoptosis in Postovulatory Follicles of Chalcalburnus Tarichi Pallas, 1811
(Ege Univ, 2006) Kaptaner, Burak; Unal, Guler
In the present study, apoptosis in postovulatory follicle was investigated with TUNEL staining and agarose gel electrophoresis methods, and plasma 17 beta-estradiol (E2) level was determined at the 1st, 3rd and 5th day after ovulation in Chalcalburnus tarichi. Apoptotic cells were labelled in postovulatory follicles in histological sections on the 1st day after ovulation and it is indicated that apoptosis was observed mainly in granulosa cells and scarcely in theca cells. Oligonucleosomal length DNA fragmentation which is hallmark of apoptosis was observed on the days 1, 3 and 5 after ovulation. While no oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation was observed on the ovulation time, it was observed that this fragmentation was remarkable on the days 3 and 5. Plasma E-2 level decreased gradually after ovulastion. This decrease was significant on the days 3 and 5 (P<0.05). These results demonstrate that apoptosis is responsible for elimination of postovulatory follicles however it was considered that low level of E-2 after ovulation, accelerates the postovulatory follicle apoptosis in Chalcalburnus tarichi.
Bisfenol F’nin Sıçan Pankreası Üzerindeki Toksik Etkileri
(2022) Dogan, Abdulahad; Doğan, Emine; Kaptaner, Burak
Bu çalışmada, bisfenol F (BPF)’nin sıçan pankreası üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yirmi sekiz adet Wistar albino erkek sıçan, BPF’ye 0, 20, 100 ve 500 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı (v.a.) konsantrasyonlarda, 28 gün boyunca oral gavaj ile maruz bırakıldı. Histolojik incelemelere göre BPF maruziyeti sonrasında, pankreatik Langerhans adacıklarında vakuolar dejenerasyon gösteren hücrelerin varlığı tespit edildi. Histomorfolojik ölçümler, BPF’nin 100 ve 500 mg/kg v.a. konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakılan gruplarda, adacık çap ve alan ortalamalarının düştüğünü gösterdi. Ek olarak, adacıklarda immunohistokimyasal olarak boyayan insülin pozitif  hücre yüzdesinin, BPF uygulanan bütün gruplarda, anlamlı bir şekilde azaldığı tespit edildi. Serum açlık glukoz, total kan HbA1c ve serum C-peptid ile insülin seviyelerinin, BPF maruziyeti sonrasında anlamlı değişimler göstermedikleri gözlendi. BPF’nin malondialdehit düzeyi dışında, pankreas antioksidan savunma sistemi belirteçlerinde anlamlı değişimlere yol açtığı belirlendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar BPF’nin endüstriyel alanlarda, bisfenol A yerine güvenilir bir alternatif olarak, kullanımına daha fazla dikkat edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Bisphenol S Leads To Cytotoxicity-Induced Antioxidant Responses and Oxidative Stress in Isolated Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Hepatocytes
(Springer, 2021) Kaptaner, Burak; Yilmaz, Can; Aykut, Handan; Dogan, Emine; Fidan, Ceylan; Bostanci, Muserref; Yildiz, Fatos
Background Bisphenol S (BPS) is a chemical compound that is utilized in the plastic industry as an alternative to bisphenol A (BPA). The toxic effects of BPS in fish is less known and limited. Therefore, in the present study, the influence of BPS on rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) hepatocytes in vitro was investigated. Methods and results For this purpose the fish hepatocytes were isolated, and then the cultured cells were treated with increasing concentrations of BPS (0, 15.63, 31.25, 62.50, 125, 250, and 500 mu M) for 24 h. The cytotoxic impact of BPS was determined in the culture media using lactate dehydrogenase assay and then, the antioxidant defence indicators were assayed. The results showed that concentration-dependent increases were observed in the percentage of cytotoxicity. The superoxide dismutase activity was reduced, while the catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity increased with all of the BPS concentrations. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity significantly increased after a BPS concentration of 31.25 mu M or higher, while GST Theta 1-1 activity was decreased by the same concentrations of BPS. The reduced glutathione content significantly decreased with a BPS concentration of 31.25 mu M or higher, and the malondialdehyde content increased after BPS concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mu M. Conclusions The findings determined herein suggested that BPS causes cytotoxicity in fish hepatocytes and can lead to oxidative stress, resulting hepatotoxic in fish. Thus, the utilization of BPS instead of BPA as safe alternative in industry should be re-evaluated in the future for environmental health.
Caspase-3 Activation in Cytotoxicity of Isolated Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Hepatocytes Induced by Bisphenol a
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2016) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
The present study was carried out to examine caspase-3 activity in cytotoxicity of isolated rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) hepatocytes induced by bisphenol A. For this purpose, cultured hepatocytes were exposed to various concentrations of BPA (10, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 M) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was detected by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium. BPA demonstrated a cytotoxic effect on hepatocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and was found to be severely toxic for hepatocytes with concentrations of 250 mu M BPA and higher at both 24 and 48 h. Caspase-3 activity was significantly induced by BPA with 100 and 2501 mu M concentrations at 24 h, and 50 and 100 mu M concentrations at 48 h. The results suggest that cytotoxicity of rainbow trout hepatocytes induced by BPA is mediated by caspase-3 activation.
Cytotoxic Effects of 4-Octylphenol on Fish Hepatocytes
(Springer, 2016) Kaptaner, Burak
The present study was conducted to determine cytotoxic effects of 4-octylphenol (4-OP) on primary cultured hepatocytes of pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)] and glutathione (GSH) content were measured after 24-h exposure to 4-OP. 4-OP caused dose- and time-dependent increases in LDH release. Significant induction of MDA level and decrease in GSH content were found. SOD and GPx activities were decreased while GST activity was increased. These findings suggest that 4-OP leads to cytotoxicity by depressing antioxidant defenses in fish hepatocytes.
Cytotoxic Effects of 4-Octylphenol on Fish Hepatocytes
(Springer, 2016) Kaptaner, Burak
Effects of 17α-Ethynylestradiol and Nonylphenol on Liver and Gonadal Apoptosis and Histopathology in Chalcalburnus Tarichi
(Wiley, 2011) Kaptaner, Burak; Unal, Guler
Chalcalburnus tarichi is an endemic cyprinid fish living in the Lake Van basin located in the Eastern Turkey. Fish (3+ ages) were exposed to 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2; 1, 10, 100 ng L-1; nominal concentrations) and nonylphenol (NP; 10, 60, 200 mu g L-1; nominal concentrations) for 32 days under semistatic daily renewal conditions. The exposure period was followed by an evaluation of liver and gonadal apoptosis and gonad histopathology in males and females. Exposure to the highest concentrations of EE2 (100 ng L-1) and NP (200 mu g L-1) caused significant increases in the extent of apoptosis in liver and gonads. Treatment with 100 ng L-1 of EE2 and 200 mu g L-1 NP increased the number of TUNEL positive hepatocytes significantly in both sexes compared to controls. The rates of apoptosis in testicular germ cells and ovarian follicular cells were significantly greater at the same concentrations. Exposure to EE2 (100 ng L-1) and NP (60 and 200 mu g L-1) caused thickening of interstitial connective tissue (fibrosis) in the seminiferous tubule wall and testis-ova formation in males. In females treated with 100 ng L-1 EE2, increased percentage of atretic ooctytes and fibrotic areas in the ovarian somatic stromal tissue were found in the ovaries. Increase in atresia, without a statistical significance, and fibrotic stromal tissue were also noted in 60 and 200 mu g L-1 NP treatments. Results suggest that EE2- and NP-dependent hepatotoxicity and gonadotoxicity are causally related to the increase in apoptosis in C. tarichi. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 26: 610-622, 2011.
Effects of 17α-Ethynylestradiol on Hepatosomatic Index, Plasma Vitellogenin Levels and Liver Glutathione-S Activity in Lake Van Fish (Chalcalburnus Tarichi Pallas, 1811)
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2009) Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul; Unal, Guler
17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic estrogen used in birth control pills, has frequently been detected in aquatic environments. In the present study, male and female individuals (3+ ages) of Chalcalburnus tarichi, an endemic cyprinid fish living in the Lake Van basin located in the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 ng/L EE2 for 32 days at semistatic daily renewal conditions. After exposure, plasma vitellogenin (Vtg), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and liver glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity were examined. Plasma Vtg concentrations exhibited significant inductions in all doses of EE2 in both sexes. HSI did not change at the 1 and 10 ng/L EE2 concentrations; it, however, significantly increased after 100 ng/EE2 exposure in males and females. Liver GST activity significantly increased in females at the 1 ng/L EE2 exposure, whereas it did not change in males. On the other hand, GST activity was inhibited in both sexes at the 10 and 100 ng/L EE2 exposures. The results of this study indicate that C tarichi is highly suspectible to EE2 and its detoxification capability may be weakened by EE2-inhibiting phase II enzyme, GST.
Effects of Emodin and Metformin on Biochemical, Histological and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2023) Bati, Bedia; Yildirim, Serkan; Celik, Ismail; Kaptaner, Burak; Huyut, Zubeyir; Yenilmez, Ayse; Demir, Abdulbaki
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a lifelong metabolic disease with a high mortality rate, which reduces the quality of life of many people worldwide. Metformin is a hypoglycemic drug usually used to treat type 2 diabetes. Emodin has various protective effects and is widely used in holistic medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of emodin, metformin and the emodin + metformin combination in liver and kidney tissues of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). For this purpose, 5 groups: I - Group Control (CG), II - Group STZ control (SC), III - Group STZ + metformin 250 mg kg-1 (SM), IV - Group STZ + emodin 40 mg kg-1 (SE) and V - Group STZ + metformin 250 mg kg-1 + emodin 40 mg kg-1 (SME) were formed with 7 rats in each group. Liver, kidney and blood samples were taken at the end of the experiment. In the study, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), gluta-thione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malond-ialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver and kidney tissues were analyzed. In addition, histopathology and immunohistochemical and serum toxicity biomarkers (AST, ALT, BUN and CREA) were analyzed. According to the experimental results, there was an increase in serum biomarker values in the SC group compared to the control group (p values for AST, ALT, CREA and BUN were p=0.005, p=0.001, p=0.006, p=0.001, respectively). Some antioxidant parameter values increased in SM, SE and SME groups compared to CG and SC groups (p=0.001 for GR in liver tissue and p=0.032 for GPX in kidney tissue). Histopathologic and immunohistochemical obser-vations also supported biochemical parameter findings. In conclusion, oxidative stress parame- ters in liver and kidney tissue, serum samples, histopathologic and immunologic findings sug- gest that metformin, emodin and the metformin + emodin combination have positive effects on nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic side effects.
Erythrocyte Fragility in Pearl Mullet (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) During Migration From Highly Alkaline Water To Freshwater
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2017) Arihan, Okan; Kaptaner, Burak; Kankaya, Ertugrul
Pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi Gilldenstalt, 1814) is an endemic fish species living in the Lake Van basin. Lakes Van and Ercek are soda lakes which have alkaline and brackish properties. Pearl mullet migrate to freshwater streams surrounding these lakes for spawning and return back to the lake environment after reproduction. Migration takes places from the lakes into freshwater streams and the fish are exposed to 2 different environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to assess erythrocyte osmotic fragility, a test providing information about the membrane stability of erythrocytes and the physiological strength of erythrocytes against physicochemical stress, during spawning migration. For this purpose, blood samples were collected into EDTA containing tubes from fish sampled from Lake Ercek and a freshwater environment pouring into the lake (Memedik Stream). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was performed on the collected blood samples. The results indicated a significant increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility at 0.4 and 0.5% NaCl concentrations for freshwater stream samples. It can be concluded that the increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility in the freshwater environment was causally related to physicochemical changes. Further research can be conducted on physiological mechanisms that cause this observed change in erythrocyte fragility which is an indicator of membrane stability.
Exploring the Ameliorative Effects of Hypericum Scabrum L. on a Surgically-Induced Endometriosis Rat Model and Its Phytochemical Lc-ms/Ms- Profile
(Soc Stiinte Farmaceutice Romania, 2023) Ilhan, Mert; Battal, Abdulhamit; Kaptaner, Burak; Dogan, Abdulahad; Donmez, Fatih; Yilmaz, Mustafa abdullah; Eroglu, Huseyin
Endometriosis is described as the existence and expansion of functional endometrial-like tissues in another part of the uterine cavity. It affects not only postmenopausal women but also teenagers after menarche, causing subfertility, dysmenorrhea and severe pelvic pain. Since no specific treatment is acknowledged for this disease, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of H. scabrum in a surgically-induced endometriosis rat model. In order to test the efficacy of H. scabrum on endometriosis, n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH) and aqueous extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of H. scabrum. The cytokine levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) and histopathological analyses were evaluated. In order to reveal the potential active compounds, liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) analysis was performed on the MeOH extract who presentedthe highest activity. The MeOH extract significantly decreased the adhesion scores, endometriotic implant volumes, cytokine levels and the antioxidant parameters. Furthermore, histological procedures supported those findings. According to LC-MS/MS analysis of the MeOH extract, the major compounds were mostly phenolic acids and flavonoids. We concluded that the MeOH extract from H. scabrum aerial parts could be used for the treatment of endometriosis, and its activity could be attributed to the chlorogenic acid and quercetin, detected in the highest amounts.
Formaldehitin Subletal Konsantrasyonlarının Sazan (Cyprinus Carpio L., 1758) Balığı Üzerindeki Toksik Etkileri
(2017) Kankaya, Ertuğrul; Kaptaner, Burak
Formaldehit (FA) akuakültür ve süs balığı yetiştiriciliğinde antiparazitik bir ajan ve genel bir dezenfektan olarak yaygın olarak kullanılır. Bu çalışma, çok farklı kullanım alanlarına sahip olan FA'nın sazan balığı üzerindeki kronik toksik etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ortalama ağırlıkları 9.8±3.1 g ve ortalama boyları 7.3±0.7 cm olan sazan (Cyprinus carpio) balığı, yarı statik test yöntemi kullanılarak, FA'ya kronik olarak maruz bırakılmıştır. Subletal konsantrasyonlar 0, 20, 30, 40 mg/L olarak uygulanmıştır. Biyodeney 23 °C'de, 60 gün devam ettirilmiştir. Analiz ve değerlendirmeler için 15, 30 ve 60 günde balık örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Disekte edilen balıklardan alınan karaciğer ve solungaç dokusunda histolojik incelemeler yapılmıştır. Redükte glutatyon (GSH) içeriği, glutatyon S-transferaz (GST), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT) aktivitesi karaciğer ve solungaç dokusunda belirlenmiştir. Dokulardaki morfolojik değişiklikler, solungaç primer lamellerinde yüzey epitel hücrelerinde çoğalma, sekonder lamellada epitel tabakada ayrılma, karaciğerde vakuolizasyon olarak tespit edilmiştir. GST'nin karaciğerde 40 mg/L'de 15 günde önemli olarak genelde azaldığı; SOD'un karaciğerde 20, 30 mg/L'de 15 günde önemli olarak azaldığı; CAT'ın karaciğer ve solungaçta 30 mg/L'de 15 ve 60 günde önemli olarak değiştiği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmayla FA'nın sazan balığında incelenen kriterler için hafif toksik etkiye sahip olduğu düşünülebilir. FA akuakültürde çok yaygın kullanıldığından, kontrolsüz ve gereksiz kullanımından kaçınılması oluşabilecek olumsuz biyolojik etkilerini azaltacaktır
Histochemical Changes, Cellular Dynamics and Antioxidant Responses in the Corpuscles of Stannius of the Female Lake Van Fish (Alburnus Tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814) (Cyprinidae) During Migration From Highly Alkaline and Brackish Water To Freshwater
(Wiley, 2022) Kaptaner, Burak; Dogan, Abdulahad; Aykut, Handan; Yildiz, Fatos; Donmez, Fatih; Dogan, Emine
The Lake Van fish (Alburnus tarichi) is an anadromous species, which is endemic to Lake Van Basin of Turkey. In spring, the fish migrates from Lake Van, which has highly alkaline and brackish water, to freshwater to spawn. During the anadromous migration of the female Lake Van fish, histochemical changes in the cell types, cellular dynamics, apoptosis, cell proliferation and antioxidant responses in the corpuscles of Stannius (CS) which are tiny endocrine glands related with calcium homeostasis were examined. When compared to the lake, calcium concentrations of ambient water and plasma increased considerably in freshwater. Freshwater dramatically increased the number of predominant type-I cells in the gland while decreased the type-II cells. A reduction in the cytoplasmic periodic acid-Schiff content of type-I cells was observed in freshwater. No cytoplasmic staining was found in cytoplasm of type-II cells in both lake and freshwater. Apoptotic cells were detected in fish sampled from both the lake and freshwater and a nonsignificant increase was observed in freshwater. The number of proliferating cells increased significantly in the freshwater, as well as antioxidant defences such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione s-transferase activities, which indicates an elevated oxidative status. The findings suggest that type-I cells are possible source of a hypocalcin hormone and type-II cells are considered to be a likely precursor of type-I cells. Apoptosis and cell proliferation are basic mechanisms of gland remodelling. In addition antioxidant mechanisms play a role during the acclimation of the gland in different environments.
Histological Organization of Thyroid and Interrenal Glands of the Pearl Mullet, Alburnus Tarichi (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) From Lake Van Basin of Turkey
(Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2017) Kaptaner, Burak
In this study, histological organizations of the thyroid and interrenal glands were first investigated in pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814), living in the Lake Van basin in Turkey. The serial sections taken from the subpharyngeal region and kidney were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory's trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff/hematoxylin and then examined. The histological examinations showed that the thyroid gland of pearl mullet was unencapsulated and the thyroid follicles were scattered diffusely in the subpharyngeal region, located at the dorsal and lateral aspects of the ventral aorta. The follicles had colloid-filled lumens and were surrounded by simple follicular epithelial cells varying in shapes (squamose, cuboidal and cylindrical). Thyroid follicles were not found in any areas of the kidney. The interrenal and chromaffin tissue were observed to be associated with postcardinal vein with its branches in the head of the kidney. The interrenal cells having a deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm were determined adjacent to branches in the head kidney. The eosinophobic chromaffin cells were found to show two different distributions. They were observed as being intermingled with the interrenal cells and formed separate groups surrounded by a thin connective tissue in the walls of the major veins. Both interrenal and chromaffin cells displayed a negative periodic acid-Schiff reaction.
Investigation of Antioxidant System Indicators in Rainbow Trout (oncorhynchus Mykiss) Hepatocytes Exposed To Bisphenol F
(2020) Aykut, Handan; Kaptaner, Burak
Bisfenol F (BPF) günlük hayatta kullanılan birçok ürünün içeriğinde yer alan bir bisfenol A analoğudur. Bu çalışmada, primer kültürü yapılan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhyncus mykiss) hepatositleri, BPF'nin 7 farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 15.63, 31.25, 62.50, 125, 250 ve 500 μM)'na, 24 saat süre ile maruz bırakıldı. BPF'nin oluşturduğu hücresel hasar, laktat dehidrogenaz sitotoksisite testi ile tespit edildi. Daha sonra antioksidan savunma sistemi indikatörleri ölçüldü. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, BPF'nin konsantrasyon ile ilişkili olarak hücrelerde hasar meydana getirdiği belirlendi. Süperoksit dizmutaz aktivitesinin, BPF uygulanan bütün gruplarda, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şeklide arttığı gözlendi. Katalaz aktivitesinin, BPF'nin bütün konsantrasyonlarında, düştüğü tespit edildi. Redükte glutatyon seviyesinin, 15.63, 31.25, 62.50, 125 ve 250 μM BPF konsantrasyonlarında arttığı ancak 500 μM BPF konsantrasyonunda azaldığı gözlendi. Glutatyon peroksidaz aktivitesinin,15.63 µM BPF konsantrasyonunda değişmediği, diğer gruplarda ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şeklide arttığı tespit edildi. Glutatyon-S-transferaz aktivitesinin ise sadece 125 µM'lık BPF konsatrasyonunda yükseldiği, diğer gruplarda değişmediği gözlendi. Bu sonuçlar, BPF'nin balığın hepatositlerinde antioksidan dengeyi bozarak, hücresel hasara yol açtığını göstermektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Antioksidan savunma sistemi indikatörleri, Bisfenol F, Gökkuşağı alabalığı, Hücre hasarı, Oncorhyncus mykiss