Browsing by Author "Onel, Suleyman Ercument"

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Can Thyme (Thymbra Spicata L. Var. Spicata) Volatile Oil Alleviate the Detrimental Effects of High Stocking Densities in Japanese Quail
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Onel, Suleyman Ercument; Aksu, Taylan
This study was conducted to observe the effects of thyme plant (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata) volatile oil on quails and intestinal microbiota in high stocking density. For this purpose, 300 7-day-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were used in the study. The quails were selected on the basis of body weight and divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 replications that contained 50 quail chicks according to the following experimental design: positive control group (NSD - CONT), with normal stocking density and no additive; negative control group (HSD - CONT), with high stocking density (HSD) and no additive; group HSD - ANT, with HSD and 10 mg/kg of avilamycin additive, and other groups named HSD - T1, T2, and T3, with HSD and 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of volatile oil additive respectively. In the study, a stocking density of 160 cm(2)/quail was chosen, while the high stocking density (HSD) was 90 cm(2)/quail. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of improvements in feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01), and the highest total bacteria count (cfu/g) was observed in HSD - CONT group (P < 0.01). The addition of zahter-thyme volatile oil in the diet of quails kept in high stocking density provided improvements at various levels with regard to intestinal microbiota and animal performance. It was observed that the inclusion of zahter-thyme volatile oil, in particular at 600 mg per kg level, reduced the detrimental effects of stress generated by high stocking density.
The Effect of Origanum Syriacum L. Extract and Carvacrol on the in Vitro Digestion, Estimated Digestion Values, Ammonia and Organic Acid Concentrations in the Fermentation Fluid of Lucerne Herbage
(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2022) Onel, Suleyman Ercument; Aksu, Taylan; Kara, Kanber; Aksu, Devrim Saripinar
The effects induced by medicinal aromatic plants in biological systems vary with the type and amount of bioactive substances these plants contain. Whether the purified form of the main chemical components of these plants, such as carvacrol and thymol, or plant volatile oils containing tens of bioactive compounds are more effective remains a question of debate. This study was aimed at providing a comparative assessment of the effects of Origanum syriacum L. (wild mountain thyme) volatile oil (OSVO) and one of its main components, carvacrol (CRV), on the in vitro ruminal degradability of lucerne herbage and methane production during the degradation of lucerne. For this purpose, wild thyme was harvested at the beginning of the flowering period, and the OSVO was extracted from the plant by steam distillation. Gas production assays were performed in five groups of ruminal fluid samples, one of which was maintained for control purposes, and the other four 40/60/80 mg/l of OSVO and 60 mg/l of CRV were added. Compared to the control group, in the samples with the added CRV and OSVO, the amounts of in vitro total gas and methane production were observed to have been affected, but no decrease was detected in the ruminal protozoa counts. The level of ammonia nitrogen was lowest in the groups, in which CRV and 40 mg/l of OSVO (P < 0.01) were added. The ruminal protozoa counts were not affected by the addition of CRV and OSVO. While the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and propionic acid (PA) concentrations in the in vitro fermentation fluid of lucerne herbage were low in all the groups, butyric acid was detected at a level of 40 mg/l in the group where CRV was added. The OSVO was ascertained to have induced dose-dependent alterations in the investigated in vitro digestion parameters. In result, CRV (60 mg/l) and OSVO (40 mg/l) were determined to have shown a relatively positive effect on the in vitro ruminal gas production. The anti-methano genic effect of the plant extracts was due to the decreased digestibility of the lucerne herbage. This can have a positive impact on the environment, but the same cannot be said for the animal nutrient use and animal performance.
Effect of Some Essential Oils on in Vitro Ruminal Fermentation of Alfalfa Hay
(Mattioli 1885, 2021) Onel, Suleyman Ercument; Aksu, Taylan; Kalamak, Adem; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Aksu, Devrim Saripinar; Sakin, Fatib; Turkmen, Musa
Study Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of essential oils derived from the leaves of Laurus nobilis (LNEO), Myrtus communis (MCEO), Lavandula stoechas (LSEO), Artemisia annua (AAEO), and Thymbra spicata (TSEO) on the rumen fermentation parameters (gas production, methane emission, organic acids, and the number of protozoa) of dry alfalfa hay. Methods: The components of all essential oils were analyzed. The effects of adding the same dose (60 mg/L) of each essential oil to the rumen fluid on in vitro rumen digestion were determined by in vitro gas production. Results: The addition of Lavandula stoechas, Artemisia annua, Myrtus communis, and Laura nobilis essential oils decreased the total gas and methane formation (ml), organic matter digestion (OMD), ruminal ammonia nitrogen levels, and the metabolic energy (ME) values. On the other hand, the Thymbra spicata essential oil did not affect any parameter except the ruminal ammonia nitrogen level. The rumen protozoa numbers were unaffected by the addition of Thymbra spicata essential oil. The total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), and butyric acid (BA) amounts in the in vitro fermentation fluid of alfalfa hay were low in all groups. Conclusion: It was determined that the active ingredients of LSEO, AAEO, MCEO, and LNEO may have a regulatory effect on ruminal fermentation. We think that more studies using different feed types and combinations of essential oils are required to reveal the effects of these essential oils on ecology and the physiology of the digestive system.
Yonca Kuru Otunun İn Vitro Ruminal Gaz Üretimi, Metan Salınımı, Organik Asit ve Protozoa Sayısı Üzerine Defne Uçucu Yağının (Laurusnobilisl.) Etkisi
(2020) Kara, Kanber; Aksu, Taylan; Onel, Suleyman Ercument; Aksu, Devrim Sarıpınar
Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, defne (Laurusnobilis L.) yapraklarından elde edilen defne uçucu yağının yonca kuru otunun ruminal gaz üretimini, metan emisyonunu, organik asitler ve protozoa üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Defne uçucu yağının bileşenleri analiz edildi. Rumen sıvısına 0, 50, 100 ve 200 mg/L (L0, L50, L100 ve L200) seviyelerinde defne uçucu yağı eklenmesinin in vitro ruminal sindirime etkileri in vitro gaz üretimi ile belirlendi. 50 mg/L defne uçucu yağı ilavesi toplam gaz ve metan üretimini (ml), organik madde sindirimini (OMD) ve metabolik enerji (ME) değerlerini düşürmüştür. Öte yandan bu yağın 100 mg/L ve 200 mg / L seviyelerinde eklenmesinin in vitro toplam gaz, metan (ml), ME ve OMD değerlerini (P <0.05) değiştirmediği görülmüştür. Grup L50 ve L100'de ruminal amonyak nitrojen seviyeleri azalırken, Grup L200'de değişiklik saptanmadı (P <0.05). Ruminal protozoa sayıları, defne uçucu yağının 50-200 mg / L aralığında eklenmesinden etkilenmedi (P> 0.05). Yonca otunun in vitro fermentasyon sıvısındaki toplam uçucu yağ asitleri (TVFA) ve butirik asit (BA) miktarları tüm gruplarda düşüktü. Defne uçucu yağının (Laurusnobilis L.) in vitro sindirim parametrelerinde doza bağlı değişikliklere neden olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarakLaurusnobilis L. uçucu yağın-daki etken maddelerin ruminal fermantasyon üzerinde düzenleme gücüne sahip olabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Laurusno-bilis L.Uçucu yağının hem ekolojik hem de sindirim sistemi fizyolojisi açısından etkilerini farklı yem türleri ve uçucu yağ kombinasyonları kullanarak ortaya çıkarmak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.