Browsing by Author "Ozdemir, Burak"

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Chromosomal Architecture, Karyotype Profiling and Evolutionary Dynamics in Aleppo Oak (Quercus Infectoria Oliv.)
(MDPI, 2026) Najafi, Solmaz; Seyedi, Nasrin; Ozdemir, Burak; Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi, Hossein; Farda, Beatrice; Pace, Loretta
Aleppo oak (Quercus infectoria) is among the most industrially and ecologically significant oak species, valued for its medicinal properties and considerable genetic importance. Cytogenetic analysis provides critical insight into evolutionary history, interspecific relationships, and karyotypic differentiation. This study investigated the chromosomal architecture and karyotypic diversity of five natural populations of this species in western Iran (Sardasht, Oramanat, Baneh, Paveh, and Marivan) using actively dividing root meristems and a high-resolution image-based cytogenetic system. All examined cells displayed a basic chromosome number of x = 12 and a diploid condition, and chromosome lengths ranged from 0.90 to 2.12 mu m. ANOVA and mean comparisons of five chromosomal parameters (Long Arm, Short Arm and Total Length, Arm Ratio, and Centromeric Index) revealed significant interpopulation differences in chromosome length and arm dimensions. All populations shared the karyotype formula 12 m and were classified into Stebbins' Category B, indicating a moderately symmetrical, relatively primitive cytogenetic structure. Principal component analysis reduced the dataset to two major axes explaining 99.93% of the total variance, predominantly influenced by SA and TL on PC1 and by LA, AR, and CI on PC2. Hierarchical clustering grouped the populations into three distinct lineages, with Sardasht-Oramanat-Baneh showing the greatest divergence. Biplot vector patterns further clarified trait correlations, highlighting genomic structuring and potential breeding utility.
Determination of the Effect of Nitrogenous Fertilization on Grain Quality Characteristics in Wheat
(2024) Altuner, Fevzı; Ozdemir, Burak; Gelişken, Alaattin
This research was carried out in the Tevekli Neighborhood rural area of Van Tusba District in the summer growing season of 2020 to determine the effects of four nitrogenous fertilizer doses (0 kg da⁻¹ N, (N0: control), 8 kg da⁻¹ N (N8), 12 kg da⁻¹ N (N12) and 16 kg da⁻¹ N (N16)) on some physiological properties (ash, moisture, starch, protein, cellulose and oil) of local (Bahare and Kose) and commercial (Seri-82 and Cemre) bread wheat varieties. The research was designed according to the split-plot design in randomized blocks with three replications, with N doses in the main plots and varieties in the subplots. During the heading period, live plant leaves were measured with the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) sensor, and leaf observations were made. According to the research results; the differences between the other characteristics examined except for grain moisture data were statistically significant (P˂0.05). According to the interactions, the highest values were obtained from N12 x Cemre (0.320) and N16 x Kose in the same group in NDVI data, N0 x Bahre (1.036 %) and N12 x Bahare in the same group in ash ratios, N12 x Seri (44.704 %) and N12 x Cemre and N16 x Cemre in the same group in starch ratios, N12 x Bahare (15.901 %) in protein ratios, N16 x Kose (4.019 %) in cellulose ratios and N0 x Cemre (2.592 %) in oil ratios and five interactions in the same group. No statistically significant effect of N doses was observed on other examined traits except grain moisture and protein ratios. The grain moisture ratio was obtained from the highest N0 dose (8.788 %), and the protein ratio was obtained from other doses except N0. The effect of varieties on other properties except ash and oil contents in grain was found to be statistically insignificant (P˃0.05). Bahare local variety had high values in ash ratio and commercial varieties had high values in oil ratio. It is thought that low rainfall and high temperatures during the season effectively obtained low results.
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis of Morphological Spike Traits in Local Wheat Genotypes from the Van Lake Basin
(MDPI, 2025) Altuner, Fevzi; Jamal-Salih, Sana; Ozdemir, Burak; Oral, Erol; Mendes, Mehmet; Ulker, Mehmet; Pace, Loretta
Wheat landraces are considered a valuable resource of potential phenotypic variation that could be used in germplasm improvement. Here, we examined 588 local wheat genotypes collected from farmers' fields at 127 locations around Van Lake Basin and evaluated the morphological diversity and trait associations using Multidimensional Scaling Analysis. Spike and yield traits were measured and scored according to the UPOV and ICARDA phenotypic characterization criteria. Multidimensional Scaling Analysis divided the wheat samples into four main groups based on the number of spikelets (NOS), number of fertile spikelets (NFS), thousand-grain weight (TGW), and number of seeds per spike (NSS) and indicated a strong correlation between NOS and NFS. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the glume and awn color of most of the genotypes was black, and they were within the locally known Karak & imath;l & ccedil;& imath;k group. Only two genotypes were excluded from the Karak & imath;l & ccedil;& imath;k group; No. 231 was within the Geverik local wheat group, and genotype No. 579 was found to be Tir. The Hevidik and Kirik groups had the same spike color, but the Hevidik group had spikes similar to compactum wheat, whereas the Kirik group had larger spikes. Finally, genotype No. 57 varied from all other genotypes when all the measured traits were taken into consideration. Overall, the Van Lake Basin landraces combine broad similarity with meaningful phenotypic heterogeneity shaped by local environments and traditional on-farm selection. These findings provide practical cues for conservation efforts and for the use of landraces as valuable resources in future wheat breeding programs.
A Study on the Relationship Between Wheat Root Development and Soil Texture
(2025) Bektas, Harun; Salıh, Sana; Karaca, Sıyamı; Sarğın, Bulut; Ozdemir, Burak; Kitapçı, Talha
The wheat root system is crucial for nutrient uptake, drought tolerance, and crop yield. This study explores the impact of soil texture on wheat root development, focusing on sandy, loamy, and clayey soils in two wheat varieties, Saraybosna and Alparslan. Using PVC tubes filled with different soils, root traits such as length, depth, diameter, volume, and dry weight were analyzed with image analysis software. Results showed that soil texture significantly affects root growth, with sandy and loamy soils promoting better development than clayey soil. Saraybosna exhibited superior root growth across all soil types, especially in sandy soil, achieving the highest root length and dry weight. In contrast, Alparslan showed reduced growth in clayey soil. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified root dry weight, depth, and length as key factors influencing development. These findings emphasize the importance of soil texture in root growth and optimizing wheat variety selection for better yields. The results also highlight the importance of root system plasticity, which is a still not well-known trait.