Browsing by Author "Samani, Dorsa"

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Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontic Extraction Treatment Planning: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
(BMC, 2025) Ziaei, Seyedmehdi; Samani, Dorsa; Behjati, Mohammadreza; Ravari, Ava Ostovar; Salimi, Yasaman; Ahmadi, Sina; Fakhimi, Haleh
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in predicting dental extractions during orthodontic treatment planning.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024582455). Comprehensive searches were performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Science, and Google Scholar up to June 2, 2025. Eligible cross-sectional studies assessing AI-based models against clinical standards were included. Data on model performance were extracted and pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity.ResultsSeven cross-sectional studies from six countries with a combined sample of 6,261 patients were included. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI models were 70% (95% CI: 61-78) and 90% (95% CI: 87-92), respectively, though heterogeneity was high (I-2 = 96.7% and 93.7%). Convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based models (ResNet and VGG) demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance with no heterogeneity. Meta-regression showed that disease prevalence significantly influenced sensitivity (p = 0.050). Funnel plots revealed asymmetry, suggesting possible publication bias.ConclusionAI models, particularly CNN-based models, show promising accuracy in predicting the need for orthodontic extractions. Therefore, they can be used to create predictive models for orthodontic extractions to increase accuracy. Due to the high heterogeneity, further large-scale studies are needed to support clinical implementation.
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Early Childhood Dental Caries in Children: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Bmc, 2024) Samani, Dorsa; Ziaei, SeyedMehdi; Musaie, Farhan; Mokhtari, Hooman; Valipour, Rubina; Etemadi, Mahsa; Deravi, Niloofar
BackgroundEarly childhood dental caries, or ECC, is a significant global oral health concern associated with various adverse outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential link between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the occurrence of dental caries in children.MethodThrough a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for studies examining the correlation between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood caries, we identified 609 relevant articles up to October 2023. Studies were selected, and data extraction was based on the pre-established eligibility criteria and items. Meta-analysis was executed utilizing Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) with a random effects model, ensuring a robust synthesis of the gathered evidence.Result7 cohorts and five cross-sectional studies, totaling 12 studies, were included in our analysis. The combined results from the studies revealed a significant association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and an increased risk of dental caries in children (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.55-2.05, I2 = 68.53). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of our results. However, there were indications of publication bias, as suggested by the funnel plot and Egger's test (P = 0.011) concerning the connection between prenatal smoking and childhood caries.ConclusionThis review underscores the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood dental caries. Nevertheless, confounding variables influence this link, necessitating more large-scale, longitudinal studies with adjusted factors. Additional randomized control trials are needed to validate these findings due to the observed heterogeneity. Future research should investigate the precise reasons behind this association. It is essential to raise awareness among pregnant women about the risks of smoking through educational programs.