Browsing by Author "Yasar, F."

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Accumulation and Distribution of Iron, Zinc and Manganese Ions in Pumpkin (Cucurbita Spp.) and Gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) Accessions Subjected To Drought Stress
(Cukurova Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2012) Yasar, F.; Uzal, O.; Kose, S.
The aim of this study was to observe the distribution of ions in different organs of pumpkin and gourd accessions commonly grown in Turkey, in order to better assess drought stress-tolerance mechanisms. Seedlings of 38 accessions of pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) and gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) were cultured in cups containing Hoagland's nutrient solution in a controlled climate chamber. To simulate drought stress, 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), equivalent to -0.60 Mpa of osmotic potential, was added to the nutrient solution. Following its application, the accumulation and distribution of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) ions in the roots, shoots, and leaves of the seedlings were observed using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) flame photometry. Ion accumulation increased in plants subjected to drought stress in comparison to the control plants. The greatest increase occurred in the leaves.
Changes in Micronutrients, Dry Weight and Plant Growth of Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merrill) Cultivars Under Salt Stress
(Academic Journals, 2008) Tunçturk, M.; Tunçturk, R.; Yasar, F.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of salt stress on the growth, dry weights and micronutrient contents of soybean cultivars grown in green house conditions. Twelve soybean cultivars (Omaha, A-3127, Mancon, Stresland, LN-89-3264, NE-3297, Ap-2292, Althow, Irigious, S-4520, Amsoy-71 and Cisne) were exposed to salinity treatments (150 mM NaCl and Control). Shoot, leaf and root dry weights of all cultivars at 45-day-old plants were determined. Micronutrient contents (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) of leaves, stems and roots were also analyzed. Salinity stress negatively affected soybean cultivars and the extent of effects varied depending on the salt tolerance of the cultivars. Generally, salinity reduced the plant growth and dry weights. Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations were higher in roots compared with those in leaves and shoots in salt applied samples. It was determined that, micronutrient contents showed some variation in different organs of soybean cultivars as a result of salt application to growing environment. Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) content increased in the samples with salt applications except in some cultivars. On the other hand, when mean data of cultivars were considered, zinc (Zn) content was not significantly affected by salt stress. © 2008 Academic Journals.
Determination of Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Callus Culture of the Salt-Tolerant and Salt-Sensitive Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) Genotypes Under Salt Stress
(WFL Publisher Ltd., 2013) Yasar, F.; Uzal, O.; Yasar, O.
To investigate the antioxidant defense system, salt stress induced changes in antioxidant enzymes activities were examined in the callus of salttolerant (Diyarbaki{dotless}r and Midyat local genotype), and salt-sensitive (Golden Crown F1 and Crimson Sweet) watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) varieties. On the 6th and 12th days of salt stress, the callus weights were higher in Golden Crown F1 (GCF1) and Crimson Sweet (CRS) than Diyarbaki{dotless}r (DİB) and Midyat (MİD) genotypes. When compared to control, salt treatment decreased significantly callus growth in salt-sensitive GCF1 and CRS, but did not in salt-tolerant DİB and MİD. Salt treatment increased significantly SOD, CAT, GR and APX enzyme activities in all varieties compared to control treatment. On the other hand, the increases were higher in salt-tolerant DİB and MİD than salt-sensitive GCF1 and CRS. These results possibly suggest that the antioxidant enzyme activities play an active role against stress, the tolerance levels against salt stress in callus culture can be utilized as effective criteria in the genotypes of watermelon. The salt-tolerant genotypes exhibited a better protection mechanism response of salt stress by maintaining a higher inherited and induced activity of antioxidant enzymes than the sensitive genotypes.
Determination of Physiological and Biochemical Reactions of Different Pea Varieties and Lines Under Chilling Stress
(Scibulcom Ltd, 2016) Togay, Y.; Yasar, F.; Togay, N.; Yildirim, B.; Uzal, O.
Under field conditions, growth parametres like fresh weight and leaf number, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic peroxidase (APX) enzymes in the antioxidant defence sytems are analysed on 12 lines and two cultivars of pea seedlings which are specified as tolerant against cold. Besides the relationship between the protection mechanisms from abiotic stress conditions (change on the antioxidant enzymes) on the pea plant is tried to be revealed. In terms of macro and microelement accumulation, considering control plants, the effect of low temperature application is not observed in Mn, Mg, Cu microelements. However, approximately ten times decrease is observed on Fe and Zn accumulations. It is also observed that there is not a change on K and Ca accumulation of the plants considering control plants. It is seen that with the low temperature application, there are significant increases on CAT, APX and SOD enzyme activities which are among the antioxidant enzymes of the plants.
Effect of Calcium Applications on Ion Accumulation in Different Organs of Pepper Plant Under Salt Stress
(E D P Sciences, 2020) Yasar, F.; Uzal, O.
The present study was carried out in a climate chamber and water culture of physiology laboratory of Van Yilziincii Ytl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture. Demre pepper varieties are used in the study of different levels of calcium (Ca) morphological and biochemical effects of pepper plants under salt stress were investigated. The study was carried out in 16/8 hour light / dark photoperiod, 25 C and % 70 humid climate chamber in controlled conditions. In order to determine the biochemical changes occurring in stressed plants, the amount of ions Na, K, Ca, Cl in root, stem and leaves of plants and Ca/Na ratio were determined. The accumulation of Na and Cl ions was found to decrease in root, stem and leaves as the dose of Ca increased. It can be said that increasing doses of Ca applications under salt stress are partially effective in reducing the negative effects of salt.
Effect of Salt Stress on Antioxidant Defense Systems, Lipid Peroxidation, and Chlorophyll Content in Green Bean
(Maik Nauka/interperiodica/springer, 2008) Yasar, F.; Ellialtioglu, S.; Yildiz, K.
Salt stress-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), total chlorophyll content, and lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, in leaves of a green bean genotype Gevas sirsk 57 (GS57) and cv. Fransiz 4F-89 differing in salt tolerance were investigated. Plants were subjected to three salt treatments (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) under controlled climatic conditions for 7 days. The salt-sensitive cv. 4F-89 exhibited a decrease in GR activity at all salt treatments, but the salt-tolerant genotype GS57 showed only a slight decrease in GR under 50 mM salt treatment and an increase under 100 mM salt treatment. CAT and APX activities increased with increasing salt stress in both varieties. CAT and APX activities were higher in the salt-tolerant GS57 than salt-ensitive cv. 4F-89. The two varieties showed an increase in MDA content with an increase in salinity, but the increase in sensitive cv. 4F-89 under salt stress was higher than that in salt-tolerant GS57 genotype. The increasing NaCl concentration caused a reduction in the chlorophyll content in cv. 4F-89 but not in GS57.
Effect of Smoke-Derived Butenolide Priming Treatment on Pepper and Salvia Seeds in Relation To Transplant Quality and Catalase Activity
(Elsevier, 2012) Demir, I.; Ozuaydin, I.; Yasar, F.; Van Staden, J.
A smoke-derived butenolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one, has previously been shown to improve seedling vigour of various crop species. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of butenolide priming treatments on seedling emergence and growth when it is applied to peat moss in which seeds are sown (post-sowing) rather than pre-sowing imbibition of the seed itself. Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) and salvia (Salvia sp.) seeds were sown in peat moss in modules and subjected to either butenolide priming (10(-7) M, 25 degrees C) or water for 24 h at 25 degrees C in the dark. Following this technique, seeds are imbibed, not subsequently dried and placed in a growth cabinet at 18 degrees C for germination. Butenolide-primed seeds emerged faster (lower MGT) and produced larger seedlings as indicated by fresh and dry weight compared to the water controls for both species. Butenolide-primed seeds had higher catalase activity than that of the controls suggesting that the enhancement obtained from priming may be due to changes in enzymatic activity. Butenolide priming may be used to enhance pepper and salvia seedling performance via the sowing medium. (C) 2011 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Effects of Ga3 Hormone Treatments on Ion Uptake and Growth of Pepper Plants Under Cadmium Stress
(Aloki Applied Ecological Research and Forensic inst Ltd, 2017) Uzal, O.; Yasar, F.
The present study was conducted to identify the response of pepper plants under cadmium stress to gibberellic acid (GA(3)) treatments. Plants were exposed to different cadmium chlorine doses (0, 20, 40, 60 ppm) cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and GA(3) (10 ppm) treatments. A resistance scale was used based on symptoms over the leaves and mineral element analyses (K, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg and Cd) were performed. Experiments were conducted in hydroponic culture with Demre pepper cultivar under controlled conditions. Present results revealed significant effects of Cd treatments on Cd, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mg and K concentrations of the plants. Combined treatments of Cd and GA(3) (10 ppm) also increased ion accumulation especially in leaves. It was observed under stress conditions that GA(3) hormone treatments inhibited plant growth to prevent stress, increased ion uptake, well-adjusted ion balance and let the plants avoid from stressors.
Genetic Characterization of Green Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) Genotypes From Eastern Turkey
(Funpec-editora, 2009) Sarikamis, G.; Yasar, F.; Bakir, M.; Kazan, K.; Ergul, A.
Green bean genotypes collected from eastern Turkey were characterized using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and morphological traits. Among 12 SSR markers, 10 produced successful amplifications and revealed DNA polymorphisms that were subsequently used to assess genetic relatedness of the genotypes. Based on the number of alleles generated and the probability of identity values, the most informative SSR loci were PVGLND5, PVMEIG, PV-ag001, and PV-ag004. Probably, due to the inbreeding nature of beans, the heterozygosity observed within genotypes was low at most of the SSR loci. The UPGMA dendrogram constructed based on the SSR data yielded two major clusters. The overall genetic distance was around 98%, among the genotypes. This information can be used to help select Turkish green bean lines.
Investigation of Micro Element Intake of Potassium (K +) and Salt Stress Applied Pepper Plants
(International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 2018) Yasar, F.; Uzal, O.; Yasar, O.
This study was carried out in order to determine whether the element of potassium would be effective in the intake of micronutrients of the papper plants under salt stress. In the study, Demre long pepper type was used as material. The study was carried out in 16/8 hour light / dark photoperiod, 25 0C and 70% humid climate room in controlled conditions. After germinating the seeds planted in the pumice, the seedlings formed in 2 real leaves were cultured in hydroponics. Hoagland nutrient solution was used in culture in hydroponic solution. The current Hoagland solution K+ was calculated as 136 ppm and was used as the control. Other doses were K1 = 116 ppm, K2 = 136ppm, K3 = 156 ppm, K4 = 176 ppm. In addition, 100 mM NaCl salt was applied to the plants. Sampling for measurements and analyzes was performed on the 20th day of salt administration. In these samples, iron (Fe+2), zinc (Zn+2), copper (Cu+2), manganese (Mn+) and magnesium (Mg+) contents were determined from micro nutrients by total plant weight. In the results obtained, K3 = 156 ppm and K4 = 176 ppm doses were effective in salvaging the plant from the detrimental effect of salt. © 2018, International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research. All rights reserved.
Ion Accumulation in Different Organs of Green Bean Genotypes Grown Under Salt Stress
(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2006) Yasar, F.; Uzal, O.; Tufenkci, S.; Yildiz, K.
Salt-tolerant Gevas Sink 57 (GS57) genotypes and salt-sensitive 4F-89 French variety, previously determined in our preliminary study, were used in the study. The genotype and the variety exposed to 100mM NaCl application developed different mechanisms to be protected against toxic effects of Na+ ion. Salt-sensitive 4F-89 French variety let Na+ accumulate in all organs. On the contrary, salt-tolerant GS57 did not avoid salt and acted selectively among ions; the majority of toxic ion Na+ accumulated in old leaves and shoots and the plants did not transport them into young leaves. K+ accumulation was high in organs in which Na+ concentrations were low, and vice versa; Na+ content was low in young and high in old leaves of GS57, but K+ content was opposite. Ca2+ content in young leaves of GS57 and 4F-89 decreased; still its content was the highest of all examined ions found in young leaves. This indicated that beans can develop different mechanisms to accept and adapt high levels of salt. Storing toxic ion (Na+) in old leaves and having a limited transmission of salt into young leaves serves as a protection from detrimental effects of salt.
Ion and Lipid Peroxide Content in Sensitive and Tolerant Eggplant Callus Cultured Under Salt Stress
(Eugen Ulmer Gmbh Co, 2006) Yasar, F.; Ellialtioglu, S.; Kusvuran, S.
The objective of present study was to determine difference in ion and MDA (malondialdehyde) content of tolerant and sensitive genotypes calli grown under salinity condition. For this purpose, two tolerant and two sensitive local Turkish eggplant varieties were used. After 8 days of being cultured, callus growth of all genotypes showed a decrease in salted medium as compared to control medium. When grown in salted medium, sensitive lines produced less callus, accumulated lower K and Ca but higher Na and Cl than tolerant lines. Consequently, tolerant genotypes had higher K/Na and lower Na/Ca ratios than sensitive genotypes. K/Na and Na/Ca ratios were used as parameters determining salinity tolerance in eggplant. The magnitude of lipid damage, as measured by MDA, was lower in the tolerant genotypes. MDA content of tolerant genotypes was two fold less than those of sensitive genotypes in NaCl treatment medium. MDA content of calli of the four eggplant varieties investigated in this study were also found as a significant indicator determining salt tolerant. The present results demonstrated that the response of cultured calli of eggplant to salt stress was clearly genotype specific.
Positive Effect of Smoke-Derived Butenolide Priming on Melon Seedling Emergence and Growth
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Mavi, K.; Light, M. E.; Demir, I.; van Staden, J.; Yasar, F.
A smoke-derived butenolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one, has previously been shown to improve seedling vigour. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of hydropriming and butenolide priming treatments on seedling emergence and growth under different sowing depths at 20 and 25 degrees C in two melon (Cucumis melo L.) seed lots of high and low quality. Seeds are subjected to hydropriming (21 h at 25 degrees C) and butenolide priming (10(-7) M, 21 h at 25 degrees C) and sown at a depth of 4 or 8 cm in peat moss (field capacity, 64% water by mass). In general, seedlings from butenolide-primed and hydroprimed seeds are superior to those of the control. At 20 degrees C, the effect of butenolide priming is more pronounced than that of hydropriming and the control, particularly for the seeds sown at a depth of 8 cm. Butenolide priming has a 'repair-inducing' effect and enhances the low-quality seeds more than those of the high-quality seed lot, an effect which is more obvious at 20 degrees C than 25 degrees C. It can be concluded that butenolide priming may be a useful tool to enhance melon seedling performance under low temperature sowing conditions.
Salt Tolerance, Seed Size, Cotyledon Weight and the Relationship of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Watermelon
(Cukurova Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2012) Uzal, O.; Ihtiyaroglu, S.; Yasar, F.
In this study, four genotypes (Tunceli, Amasya, Malatya and Urfa), one standard type (Galactica) and one F1 hybrid varieties (Golden Crown) watermelon were used. Watermelon seedlings were grown in water culture using Hoagland nutrient solution in atmosphere-controlled climate chamber. When the plants had developed four to five true leaves, salt treatment was began, and 100 mM NaCl was gradually applied to medium. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether seed size and cotyledon weight may be used as a marker for salt-tolerant. As a result, genotypes with large seeds and cotyledons had higher enzyme activities than ones with smaller seed and cotyledon. Malatya ve Urfa with larger seed and codyledon leaf were less affected by salt damage, probably because they run better antioxidant enzymes. Galactica and Golden Crown F1 with smaller seed and cotyledon were more affected from slat damage, employing at a lower level of enzyme activities.