Browsing by Author "Yildirim, Ertan"

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Development of Organic Phosphorus Vermicompost From Raw Phosphate Rock Using Microorganisms and Enzymes and Its Effect on Tomato Yield
(Elsevier, 2023) Turan, Metin; Kocaman, Ayhan; Tufenkci, Sefik; Katircioglu, Hikmet; Gunes, Adem; Kitir, Nurgul; Yildirim, Ertan
Chemical phosphorus and other chemical fertilizers undergo certain changes in the soil. These changes cause crop yield loss because of changes in soil pH and EC. In addition, other toxic compounds accumulate. They also lead to serious soil contamination and threaten the environment. In this study, vermicompost was developed from raw phosphate rock by using microorganisms and phosphorus solubilizing enzymes (protease, lipase, dehydroge & PRIME;nase, hydrolase, urea, nitrogenesis, cellulose) to eliminate phosphorus deficiency in soil. Two-year greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the organic phosphorus humus produced after six months of mineralization, and tomato plants were grown. As a result of these experiments, the effects on yield and physicochemical properties of the tomato plant were studied. Earthworm fertilizer at a rate of 4500 kg ha-1 increased the tomato yield of 22.12% compared to the control application, in the two-years means. In addition, the effect on nutrient content of tomato plants resulted in statistically significant increases (p < 0.05). When the macronutrient concentrations in the leaves of the plant were examined, they were considered to have reached the level of sufficiency. It was also found that the content of amino acids, chlorophyll and antioxidants in the tomato plant reached the highest levels compared to the control application. Based on our results, it was concluded that this organic fertilizer will contribute to higher crop yields in plants of cultural and commercial importance and to other plant growth parameters.
Development of Plant-Friendly Vermicompost Using Novel Biotechnological Methods
(Springer, 2023) Kocaman, Ayhan; Turan, Metin; Tufenkci, Sefik; Katircioglu, Hikmet; Gunes, Adem; Kitir, Nurgul; Yildirim, Ertan
For the first time in the world, raw tea waste from tea plants was mineralized by rapid biotechnological methods using beneficial worms, enzymes (protease, lipase, dehydrogenase, hydrolase, urease, nitrogenase, cellulase) and microorganisms (Aspergillus flavus, Bifidobacterium spp. Bacillus subtilis, Rhodotorula spp., Lactobacillus, Rhodopseudomas spp.). Thus, biocompost technology was developed to create an exclusive organic tea fertilizer. The biocompost product was developed in a plant-friendly format for sustainable use of local resources. It was rich in organic material and free from diseases and pathogens, according to organic farming methods. It was also reliable in terms of heavy metal content. In the biocompost study, the application of five different compost mixtures and three different application methods were investigated. Worm + Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria + enzymes accelerated the mineralization of the compost among the studies, and the lowest C/N and OM % ratio was obtained. The other physical and chemical parameters were also in accordance with the ideal values determined in the literature. Also, the increase of nitrogen without nitrogen loss during the composting process shows that mineralization was successfully completed. In concluded, it can be suggested that the developed organic worm compost fertilizer can be used on agricultural land and in regenerative agriculture.
Effects of Bio-Bor Fertilizer Applications on Fruit Yield, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Freeze Injury of Strawberry
(Springer, 2016) Gunes, Adem; Turan, Metin; Kitir, Nurgul; Tufenkci, M. Sefik; Cimrin, Kerim Mesut; Yildirim, Ertan; Ercisli, Sezai
Deficiency of Boron (B) is widespread in the many parts of region of Turkey. So, the effects of boron and plant growth promoting bacteria (Bio-B) on the fruit yield, antioxidant enzyme activity and plant freeze injury of strawberry cv. Fern were investigated under field conditions between 2013 and 2014. The experimental plot was a completely randomized design with 4 replicates. Control and Bio-B were used as fertilizer agent in the experiment. Bio-B fertilizer was applied in three methods as soil, foliar and soil + foliar application methods to strawberry plants. Data through 2 years showed that the use of Bio-B significantly increased fruit yield, antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased freeze injury of strawberry leaf. Soil + foliar applications of Bio-B fertilizer increased to fruit yield compared to the control by 55.91 %. However, foliar application of Bio-B fertilizer increased to catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity compared with the control treatment 41.86 %, 48.99 %, and 26.59 %, respectively and decreased freeze injury of strawberry leaves 27.41 %. Overall, the results of this study suggest that Bio-B fertilizer application have the potential to increase the yield, antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased freeze injury of strawberry plants under field conditions.
Synthesis of Poly(n-(2 Methacrylamide) Brushes by Interface-Mediated Raft Polymerization
(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2016) Yildirim, Ertan; Cimen, Dilek; Zengin, Adem; Caykara, Tuncer
The synthesis of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) [poly(HPMA)] brushes is reported using an interface-mediated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization on a silicon substrate. To produce a RAFT agent immobilized surface, 4-cyano-4-(propylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl pentanoic acid was reacted with 9-decen-1-ol to form a self-assembled monolayer. Poly(HPMA) brushes and free polymers of varied molecular weights between 10 100 and 48 500 g mol(-1) were then synthesized by RAFT polymerization. The chemical characterization of the modified surfaces was examined using atomic force microscopy, grazing angle-Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry and water contact angle measurements. The average distance between grafting sites (D, nm) and grafting density (sigma, chains per nm(2)) of poly(HPMA) brushes calculated from the dry film thickness (h, nm) and the number-average molecular weight ((M) over bar (n)) of the free polymers were 1.3 nm and 0.52 chains per nm(2), respectively, indicating moderate density polymer brush formation.