Browsing by Author "Yildiz, F."

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Effects of Formaldehyde on Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Defense/Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Hepatocytes Isolated from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
(Pleiades Publishing Inc, 2025) Yildiz, F.; Kaptaner, B.
Formaldehyde (FA) is a widespread disinfectant in the aquaculture industry that is utilized in the treatment of diseases and control of external parasites in fish. Although numerous studies have investigated the toxic effects of FA, as far as is known, there has been no in vitro work characterizing its cytotoxic mechanism of action using fish cells in the literature. Therefore, herein, it was aimed to examine FA toxicity on hepatocytes that were isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in vitro. For this purpose, the cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of FA (0, 12.50, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mu M) for 24 h. Next, the cytotoxic effects were evaluated via lactate dehydrogenase assay in addition to the use of antioxidant defense system markers, including the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-tranferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and the glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. According to the obtained results, the FA caused small increases in the percentage of cytotoxicity with significant differences at a concentration of 50 mu M and above. Moreover, significant decreases in the SOD, CAT, and GST activities and GSH content were determined. Meanwhile, the GPx activity showed remarkable increases. In addition, the MDA level was increased by the FA treatments. In conclusion, FA caused cytotoxicity by depressing antioxidant defenses and leading to oxidative stress in the hepatocytes. Considering these results, human and environmental health should be taken into account during its utilization and its unconscious usage should be avoided.
Effects of Xylazin on Sedative, Analgesic and Some Liver Enzymes in Rats
(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2025) Halitoğullari, N.; Yildiz, F.; GenÇcelep, M.
This study was conducted to determine the sedation level of rats after using two different doses of Xylazine, to measure the damage that may occur in the liver, and to determine the change in pain response due to sedation. The use of analgesic substances is one of preferred methods in pain control studies. Analgesic effects are also present in drugs used for sedative purposes. Xylazine is used for pain relief, calming (sedative), sleep inducing (hypnotic), and striated muscle relaxation. It is also used for premedication purposes before using different anesthetic drugs. 24 rats used in the study were randomly selected and divided into three groups. Only physiological saline was given to the rats in the control group (KO). The second group was given Xylazine (K10) 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip), and the third group was given Xylazine (K15) 15 mg/kg/ip. Sedation assessment was performed according to the behavior of the rats to which sedative drugs were applied to the stimuli. Sedation was classified as mild, moderate and severe. The degree of pain-relieving properties of Xylazine in rats was measured with a pain test. The pain test was performed with a hotplate test and a hotplate apparatus. After the pain tests, the rats were sacrificed after taking blood as needed. AST, ALT and corticosteroid values were measured in the blood serum. In this study, it was determined that Xylazine had pain-relieving properties and did not change liver enzyme values when used at a dose of 15 mg/kg in rats, and it was concluded that it could be preferred for safe sedation in cases where short-term complete immobility was needed. © (2024), (Universidad del Zulia). All Rights Reserved.