Browsing by Author "Yildiz, M."

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Callus Production in Geranium (Pelargonium Quercetorum Agnew) Growing Naturally in Türkiye
(Centenary University, 2023) Koçak, M.; Turan Sirke, S.; Kuzğun, C.; Yildiz, M.
Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew grows naturally in the Hakkari province of Türkiye. Although P. quercetorum Agnew has potential use as a medicine and ornamental plant, it is especially used as a medicinal plant for the cure of various diseases by local people. In vitro tissue culture methods are favorable for the propagation, conservation, and breeding of medicinal plants. We aimed in this study to achieve regeneration of P. quercetorum Agnew from different explant types. Seeds of P. quercetorum Agnew were germinated in vitro conditions and explants were taken from these germinated sterile plantlets. Totally four different experiments, containing three of them embryogenic and one of them organogenic culture, were established to achieve regeneration in P. quercetorum Agnew. Leaf, petiole, cotyledon, cotyledon stalk, and root collar disc were used as explant. Different concentrations of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA), 6-Furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin), 6-(γ,γ-Dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP), and Thidiazuron (TDZ) were used to induce embryogenic or organogenic regeneration. Explants were cultured in half-strength or full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. In the embryogenic experiments, callus formation from different media ranged from 63.5% to 100%, and for explant types ranged from 39% to 100%. In the organogenic experiment, callus formation from different media ranged from 12.5% to 100%, and for explant types ranged from 71% to 93%. Also, embryo-like structures were obtained from embryogenic experiments. However, these structures could not grow more and transformed into plantlets. © 2023, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
Cephalothoracopagus in Lambs
(Wiley-blackwell, 2015) Yildirim, S.; Eski, F.; Cetin, N.; Yener, Z.; Sendag, S.; Yildiz, M.; Wehrend, A.
Disasters and Climate Change
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2025) Sarpdaği, Y.; Yildiz, M.
Climate change is not only an environmental problem but also a global security threat with economic damage and social instability caused by increasing natural disasters. In particular, the increase in the use of fossil fuels and the consequent rise in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere cause temperature increases worldwide. This leads to more frequent and more severe weather events, jeopardizing water and food security, spreading water-borne diseases, and increasing health problems caused by air pollution. These impacts complicate the living conditions of communities living in particularly vulnerable areas and trigger waves of migration, further straining social and economic structures. Increasing investments in renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency, and abandoning fossil fuels are of critical importance in tackling this multidimensional crisis. Bringing the international community together to address and adapt to the impacts of global warming is a vital step in overcoming shared challenges. At the same time, comprehensive policies and strategies need to be developed to mitigate the social and economic impacts of climate change. These policies should support affected communities and provide the necessary infrastructure and resources to cope with consequences such as migration and displacement. The steps to be taken in this framework will lead to significant progress in tackling the challenges posed by climate change and lay the foundation for a more equitable and sustainable world. © 2025 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect of a Single Meloxicam Administration on Newborn Holstein–friesian Dystocia Calves: Field Results From the First 10 Days of Life
(Veterinary World, 2022) Kunz, F.; Sendag, S.; Yildiz, M.; Failing, K.; Wehrend, A.
Background and Aim: Calves have increased morbidity and mortality rates after dystocia. One cause is pain during birth, which reduces their colostrum intake. The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may break this causality. This study aimed to determine the consequences of a single administration of the NSAID meloxicam to dystocia calves after birth. Materials and Methods: Fifty Holstein–Friesian calves born with dystocia from four dairy cattle farms were included in this study. The animals were randomized into two groups. The animals in Group I (n=25, treatment group) received subcutaneous 0.5 mg meloxicam/kg body weight 2-8 h after birth. The animals in Group II (n=25, control group) received a control substance (Amynin®, bovine infusion solution, Merial) with the same volume. The newborn calves were clinically examined on the 1st and 10th days of life. The information regarding the days in between was gathered by questioning the farmer. Results: There was a significant difference (p=0.04) only in calves with thin, mushy fecal consistency on the 10th day in the treatment group compared with the control group. Moreover, meloxicam had no effect on dystocia calves. Conclusion: Since NSAID administration did not produce a significant clinical effect, its necessity is questionable. Further studies should examine how modifying its application time would have an effect. The primary indicators of well-being, such as pain indicators in the blood, were not measured; however, these should be considered in subsequent studies. Copyright: Kunz, et al.
Effects of Irradiation Doses on Haploid Embryo and Plant Production in Naked and Shelled Seed Pumpkins
(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2012) Berber, M.; Yildiz, M.; Abak, K.
This study was carried out for two objectives: 1) to test efficiency of "pollination by irradiated pollen technique" in naked seed pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca) on parthenogenetic embryo stimulation and plant production compared to shelled seed genotypes (Cucurbita pepo var. pepo); and 2) to find the most suitable doses of irradiation both for naked and shelled seed pumpkins. As plant material, a total of 15 genotypes (ten naked and five shelled) were used and 3 irradiation doses of gamma rays (50, 100 and 150 Gy) were compared. During the study, a total of 2073 embryos were rescued from different genotypes and 979 of these developed into plants. Haploid embryos were obtained in all of the tested genotypes and no significant differences have been observed among genotypes. Although all of the three irradiation doses produced embryos and plants, more haploid plants were obtained from 150 Gy. 75 of the developed plants were acclimatized and cultivated in a polyethylene greenhouse and in 29 of these, ploidy levels were determined using indirect methods (existence of pollen, leaf and flower features, stoma density, chloroplast numbers in guard cells) and flow cytometry. As the result of the observations, 43% of these plants were found to be haploid and 57% were diploid. Haploid plant percentages were 36.7, 60.0 and 100.0% for 50, 100 and 150 Gy, respectively.
Efficacy of Issr and Srap Techniques for Molecular Characterization of Some Cucurbita Genotypes Including Naked (hull-Less) Seed Pumpkin
(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2012) Inan, N.; Yildiz, M.; Sensoy, S.; Kafkas, S.; Abak, K.
This study was carried out to determine the efficacy of inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) techniques for molecular characterization some Cucurbita genotypes including naked (hull-less) seed pumpkin. Plant material consisted of sixteen genotypes belonging to Cucurbita pepo L., and four genotypes belonging to Cucurbita moschata Duchesne, and four genotypes belonging to Cucurbita maxima Duchesne. A larger part of the Cucurbita pepo genotypes (7 Turkish and 4 foreign) were seed pumpkin and some of them were naked seed types used as appetizer and/or for oil production. Morphological characterization was also done according to UPOV criteria. The sixty bands were obtained by using 8 ISSR primers and all these bands were found polymorphic. In the SRAP study, 8 primer combinations were used, a total of 71 bands were scored and all these bands were polymorphic. In the ISSR analyses, the genetic similarity coefficients varied between 0.07 and 0.96, while in SRAP it was between 0.13 1.0. The correlation coefficient between ISSR and SRAP genetic similarity data was very high (r = 0.947). The genetic variation as measured by ISSR and SRAP markers revealed high diversity among Cucurbita genotypes (H = 0.30, I = 0.46 and 100 % polym.). The genetic diversity among Turkish naked seed pumpkin genotypes (H = 0.09, I = 0.14 and 26.7 % polym.) was only a little less than that of the foreign accessions (H = 0.12, I = 0.18 and 32.1 % polym.). Some differences were observed between molecular and morphological studies, and it was concluded that only morphological or molecular analyses but a combination of both approaches are often more reliable in genetic variability studies in Cucurbita genus.
Evolution of Common Beans Collected From Lake Van Basin for Their Resistance To the Common Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Phaseoli)
(Corvinus Univ Budapest, 2018) Erdinc, C.; Ekincialp, A.; Akkopru, A.; Yildiz, M.; Sensoy, S.
The present study determined the reactions of common bean landraces grown in Lake Van Basin of Turkey against common bacterial blight disease (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap). For this purpose 83 bean landraces collected from the basin and two resistant (HR-45, HR-67) and one susceptible (Dresden) lines were evaluated for their reaction to Xap. The experiments were conducted in randomized experimental design with three replications in a growth chamber having 23 +/- 2 degrees C temperature and 16 h light-8 h dark period. Bean seeds were sown in the pots having 2: 1 mixture of peat: perlite and Xap inoculated by spraying when the seedlings reached two trifoliate leaves stage. Disease severity was assessed three weeks after Xph inoculation using 1-5 scale. In light of the findings, it was detected that there was a variation with regard to tolerance to the disease among common bean landraces. While fourteen landraces were assigned as resistant against CBB, 49 landraces were found to be moderately susceptible to CBB. The present study demonstrated the existence of resistance sources against CBB within Lake Van Basin bean landraces that could potentially be used for breeding resistant cultivars.
Genetic Bottlenecks in Turkish Okra Germplasm and Utility of Ipbs Retrotransposon Markers for Genetic Diversity Assessment
(Funpec-editora, 2015) Yildiz, M.; Kocak, M.; Baloch, F. S.
Lack of requisite genetic variation in Turkish okra has necessitated the use of different types of markers for estimating the genetic diversity and identifying the source of variation. Transposable elements, present abundantly in plant genomes, generate genomic diversity through their replication and are thus an excellent source of molecular markers. We hypothesized that inter-primer binding site (iPBS)-retrotransposons could be the source of variation because of their genome plasticity nature. In the present study, genetic diversity of 66 okra landraces was analyzed using iPBS-retrotransposon markers. iPBS-retrotransposons detected 88 bands with 40.2% polymorphism and an average of 6.8 bands per primer. Gene diversity and Shannon's information index ranged from 0.01 to 0.13 and 0.02 to 0.21 for iPBS-retrotransposons and from 0.06 to 0.46 and 0.14 to 0.65 for simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, respectively. Polymorphism information content value for retrotransposons varied between 0.12 and 0.99, while that for SSR was from 0.52 to 0.81. Neighbor joining analysis based on retrotransposons and SSRs divided all the accessions into four clusters; however, SSR markers were more efficient in clustering the landraces based on their origin. Using the STRUCTURE software for determining population structure, and two populations (at the number of hypothetical subpopulations, K = 2) were identified among the landraces. Low genetic diversity in Turkish okra highlights the need for the introduction of plants from countries with greater genetic diversity for these crops. This study also demonstrates the utility and role of iPBS-retrotransposons, a dominant and ubiquitous part of eukaryotic genomes, for diversity studies in okra.
Identification of Genetic Variations on Fritillaria Imperialis L. Genotypes Collected From Van Lake Basin by Ipbs-Retrotranspozon Markers
(Centenary University, 2020) Koçak, M.; Karataş, M.D.; Alp, Ş.; Baloch, F.S.; Yildiz, M.
Fritillaria imperialis L. naturally grows in Turkey and it is used as an ornamental plant. This species harbored plentiful genetic variation for various morphological traits in its natural habitat. In this study, 19 different iPBS-Retrotransposon primers were used to identify genetic variation among 74 F. imperialis genotypes collected around Van lake basin. 19 primers amplified 94 bands, 100% polymorphism. The average number of bands per primer was 4.94 and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.58. Maximum number of polymorphic bands were 10 while the minimum number of polymorphic bands were 2. The mean effective number of alleles, Shannon information index and the gene diversity were 1.50, 0.47, and 0.30 respectively. The results reflected that genetic variations of F. imperialis genotypes collected from Van lake basin were significant. This is the first report identifying the genetic variations of F. imperialis genotypes by iPBS-Retrotransposon primers, and it proved that iPBS-Retrotransposon marker system could be applied successfully in F. imperialis for genetics and genomic studies. The data obtained from this study will provide preliminary information for future F. imperialis breeding activities. © 2020, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
The Study of Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension Skills of Primary School Students Whose Mother Tongue Is Different
(Wilf Malcolm Institute of Educational Research, 2020) Kiziltaş, Y.; Yildiz, M.
The purpose of this research is to analyse reading fluency and comprehension skills of different mother tongue of primary school students in the 4th grade. The effects of variables such as mother tongue and gender were examined in reading fluency and comprehension skills of different primary school students whose mother tongue is different. The working group of the study was selected by criterion sampling from the purposeful sampling methods among the students studying in primary schools in the province of Tuşba in Van. The working group consists of 201 female and 227 males, a total of 428 students. In the research, ‘Narrative Text’ collected data about reading fluency; ‘Multidimensional Fluency Scale’ measured reading prosody skills; and ‘Reading Comprehension Test’ was used to determine the reading comprehension levels. According to the findings, the students were generally divided into two groups: those whose mother tongue is Turkish, and those who is Kurdish. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the fluent reading and reading comprehension skills of primary school 4th grade students whose mother tongue is Turkish are generally higher than those whose mother tongue is Kurdish. © 2020, Wilf Malcolm Institute of Educational Research. All rights reserved.
Synthetic Seed Production in Crataegus Monogyna L. and Prediction of Regeneration of Synthetic Seeds With Machine Learning Algorithms
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Koçak, M.; Yılmaz, M.C.; Kuzğun, C.; Sirke, S.T.; Yildiz, M.
Crataegus monogyna is a complex species that is essential in both ecological and therapeutic domains. Its versatility across several settings, along with its extensive phytochemical composition, renders it a significant focus of research in both botany and medicine. One of the research areas that could be focused on is the propagation of C. monogyna under in vitro conditions. In this study, we encapsulated nodal segments of sterile shoots from C. monogyna plants growing naturally in Van, Türkiye. Encapsulated propagules were cultured in hormone-free Murashige and Skoog medium or Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) after being stored for 30, 60, or 90 days at −20, 4, or 24 °C. The regeneration of synthetic seeds under the effects of hormone (IAA), storage temperature, and storage period was predicted using five machine learning algorithms: Decision Tree (DT), Gaussian Process (GP), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting). Feature importance analysis was conducted to identify the key factors influencing regeneration outcomes. The DT, MLP, RF, and XGBoost models achieved high prediction accuracy (97.3%). Furthermore, while the DT and XGBoost models identified temperature as the most influential factor, the MLP and RF models found hormone to be the most significant. Surface and contour plot analyses were also employed to assess the relationships visually between key features of the regeneration process. © The Author(s) 2025.