Browsing by Author "Yilmaz, O"

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Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Oxytetracycline in Cultured Rainbow Trout Following Intramusicular Administration
(indian veterinary Journal, 2004) Dagoglu, G; Turel, L; Yilmaz, O; Yarsan, E; Oto, G; Kankaya, E
Aquaculture production of rainbow trout has increased in Turkey in the recent years. There is great concern over the use of drugs for fish production. Bacterial diseases, if untreated, may lead to great economic losses in the form of fish mortality and reduced growth. Thus aquafarming uses a wide variety of drugs for prevention and treatment of disease in cultured fish. Among these drugs, oxytetracycline (OTC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment of a variety diseases including vibriosis, furunculosis, enteric redmouth, bacterial haemorrhagic septicemia, fin rot, gill disease columnaris and edwardsiellosis (Black et al., 1991; Unb, 1996). There is a paucity of information on the pharmacokinetics of OTC in farmed fish. The pharmacokinetics of OTC may be changed by parameters such as fish species, age, water temperature and salinity, route of administration and other conditions. Therefore the present study was performed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, i.e. absorption, distribution and elimination, of OTC in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after intra-muscular administration.
Cadmium and Lead Levels in Human Liver and Kidney Samples Obtained From Bursa Province
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2002) Yilmaz, O
Autopsy samples of liver and kidney from 43 Turk cadavers obtained from the Department of Forensic Medicine of Bursa City were analysed for cadmium and lead. All subjects were born between 1918 and 1982. The means of cadmium residue levels were found to be 0.63235+/-0.06345 ppm in the liver and 0.8507+/-0.077 ppm in the kidney. The means of lead residue levels were measured as 0.44675+/-0.0591 ppm in the liver and 0.42905+/-0.0528 ppm in the kidney. In addition, the cadavers were grouped according to sex, age and place of dwelling, city or village. Although samples contained both of the metals in their normal levels, it was concluded that these results do not indicate whether both of the metals will be a serious threat to public health in the future.
The Effects of Some Factors on Birth Weight, Survival Rate and Litter Size Pregnancy Period in Morkaraman and Morkaraman X Dorset Down Cross-Breed Lambs (F1)
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2003) Ates, CT; Arslan, M; Yilmaz, O
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of some factors on litter size fertility and pregnancy period in Morkaraman sheep as well as birth weight and survival rate in Morkaraman, Dorset Down x Morkaraman (F-1) crossbreed lambs. In the present study, 151 Morkaraman sheep of different ages, and 110 purebred and 46 crossbreed (Dorset Down x Morkaraman F-1) lambs were used as the research material. The effect of the genotype and birth weight on pregnancy period were significant (P < 0.01). However, the effects of birth type, sex of the lamb and age of the sheep were not. The effects of birth type, genotype, sex of the lamb and age of the sheep on birth weight were significant (P < 0.01). The effects of genotype, sex of the lamb and age of the sheep on the number of lambs per gestation were not significant. The effects of birth type on the survival rate of the lambs were significant (P < 0.01); on the other hand, the effects of genotype, sex of the lamb and age of the sheep on survival rate were not.
Effects of Varying Levels of Live Yeast Culture on Yield and Some Parameters in Laying Hen Diets
(indian veterinary Journal, 2004) Nursoy, H; Kaplan, O; Oguz, MN; Yilmaz, O
Direct-fed microbes (DFM) include bacteria, yeast or combination of them which are added into diet. They are commonly used to enhance growth rate, feed efficiency and egg yield in poultry rations. Yeast cultures (YC) contain viable yeast, metabolites, and the media on which the yeast cells are grown (Bradley and Savage, 1995). The addition of live yeast cultures to chick diets have been used to improve egg production. (Nahashon et al., 1996), animal performance (Onifade et al., 1998; Purushotha-man and Natanam, 1999), enhance feed-efficiency (Kahraman et al., 1996), improve, fatty acid digestibility, and to reduce abdominal fat content (Lacroix et al., 1991). In contrast, Elbert et al. (1987), Brake (1991) and Lacroix et al. (loc. cit.) have reported no effect of dietary YC in balanced chicken diets. The aim of this study was to assess egg yield and quality in hens fed different levels of yeast culture at last period of laying.
Fattening Performances of Hamdani and Morkaraman Lambs Born in the Breeding Season and Off Season
(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey, 2003) Yilmaz, O; Ates, CT; Arslan, M
This study was carried out to investigate the fattening performance and feed efficiency of Hamdani and Morkaraman lambs born in the breeding season and off season. Ten Morkaraman and 10 Hamdani lambs were used in all fattening seasons. Sixty days after weaning. the lambs were subjected to an adaptation period for 15 days. Then, they were subjected to intensive fattening for 70 days. They were fed concentrate and alfalfa ad libitum in all feeding seasons. For statistical analysis, "t" test, least squares method and Duncan test were used. Daily weight gain and concentrate feed efficiency (kg feed/kg live weight gain) in Hamdani lambs were 247 g and 4.71 kg, 246 g and 4.82 kg, 243 g and 4.91 kg in the June (summer), October (autumn) and February (winter) feeding seasons, respectively; corresponding values were 236 g and 3.97 kg, 231 g and 4.24 kg, 227 g and 4.21 kg in Morkaraman lambs, respectively. Daily weight gain and concentrate feed efficiency (kg feed/kg live weight gain) were not significantly different between the genotypes in all feeding seasons. The feed efficiency of forage differed significantly (P < 0.01) between genotypes only in the June (summer) feeding season. Daily weight gain, concentrate feed efficiency and forage were not significantly different between the seasons in Morkaraman lambs. Daily weight gain and concentrate feed efficiency were not statistically different between the seasons in Hamdani lambs, but forage feed efficiency was significantly different among seasons (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the live weight gains and feed efficiencies of Hamdani and Morkaraman lambs subjected to feeding in different seasons were similar showing that seasonal differences did not have a significant effect on these characteristics in either genotype.
Fattening Performances of Karakul Lambs in Different Seasons
(indian veterinary Journal, 2004) Yilmaz, O
The in Vivo and in Vitro Comparative Nephrotoxicity of Cefazolin and Gentamicin
(Comparative Toxicology Lab, 1999) Yilmaz, O; Cabalar, M; Ozbilgin, S
Biochemical, histopathological and cell culture evaluations compared the nephrotoxicity of cefazolin with that of gentamicin. New Zealand rabbits were dosed with 250 mg cefazolin/animal im twice daily, 3 mg gentamicin/kg im twice daily, or 0.9% NaCl solution for 10 d. The rabbits in drug-treated groups had necrosis of proximal kidney tubules and elevated urinary-gamma glutamyl transferase (uGGT) levels. The results of the histopathological examinations, uGGT analyses and effects in cell culture indicated the nephrotoxicities of both antibiotics were similar.
Pharmacokinetics of Long Acting and Conventional Formulations of Oxytetracycline in Goats
(indian veterinary Journal, 2005) Turel, I; Dagoglu, G; Yilmaz, O; Yarsan, E; Irak, K
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a broadspectrum antibiotic extensively used for the treatment of a variety disease and is active not only against a variety of gram (+) and gram (-) organisms, but also against mycoplasma, ehrlichia, rickettsiae, clarnydia and anaplasma. The pharmacokinetics of OTC may be changed by parameters such as species, age, health, route of administration and other conditions. There is a paucity of information on the pharmacokinetics of OTC in goats. Therefore the present study was performed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of OTC after intravenous and intramuscular administrations of both conventional (CF) and long-acting (LA) formulations in Colored Mohair goats of Turkey.
Pharmacokinetics of Oxytetracycline in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Following Administration of Medicated Feed
(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey, 2003) Türel, I; Dagoglu, G; Yilmaz, O; Kankaya, E; Sen, F
The pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC) were investigated in rainbow trout in freshwater at 10.5 degreesC. A group of 70 fish received OTC, an intravascular injection (i.v.) of 5 mg/kg body weight. Another group of 105 fish were fed medicated feed containing a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. OTC. plasma concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters were described by a two-compartment open model giving distribution half-lives of 0.907 h and 16.058 h, and elimination half-lives of 33.5 h and 27 h for Lv. and oral administration of OTC, respectively. After i.v. administration of OTC, other pharmacokinetic parameters estimated were the area under the curve (AUC: 145.078 +/- 4.45 mug.ml(-1).h(-1)) and mean residence time (MRT: 40.604 +/- 1.150 h). Following oral administration, AUC was 34.46 +/- 1.189 mug.ml(-1).h(-1); MRT was 59.272 +/- 1.541 h; C-max was 0.577 mug/ml and T-max was 36 h. The oral bioavailability (F) of OTC in rainbow trout was found to be only 1.187%.
The Possibilities of Improving Reproductive Performance by Using Progestogen and Different Doses of Pmsg in Akkaraman Ewes During the Normal Breeding Season
(indian veterinary Journal, 2003) Yilmaz, O; Denk, H; Arslan, M
Production Traits in Coloured Mohair Goats
(indian veterinary Journal, 2003) Kucuk, M; Yilmaz, O; Arslan, M; Ozturk, Y
A Study on Growth, Fattening Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Morkaraman and Kivircik X Morkaraman Crosses (B1) Lambs
(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey, 2002) Küçük, M; Bayram, D; Yilmaz, O
This study was carried out to compare the growth, fattening performance and carcass characteristics of Morkaraman (M) and Kivircik (K) x (K x M) Bi lambs. Fifty-four M and 57 K x (K x M) Bi male and female lambs were used for growth traits and 18 M and 30 K x (K x M) Bi for fattening traits, and 6 male lambs for slaughter and carcass traits. Growth was investigated from the birth to weaning (day 90). The lambs were fed, after weaning at approximately 25 kg live weight, with sainfoin and concentrates ad libitum. Fattening lasted 56 days. The least squares means of birth weight and day 30, 60 and 90 weights were 4.03. 11.09. 18.73 and 26.60 kg, respectively, for M lambs; 4.13. 11.07, 18.26 and 26.73 kg for K x (K x M) Bi lambs. In the fattening period, daily gains and feed gain ratios were 272 g and 5.38 kg for M lambs and 324 g and 5.75 kg for K x (K x M) Bi lambs. Dressing percentages were 45.0 and 45.8% for M and K x (K x M) Bi lambs, respectively: the ratios of leg weights in the carcass were 28.8 and 31.7%: shoulder weights 14.9 and 17.0%: back weights 4.8 and 5.9%; loin weights 4.8 and 5.7%: other weights 26.4 and 33.4%; kidney knob and channel fat weights 0.9 and 2.6%: internal fat weights 0.8 and 1.1%; tail fat weights 18.6 and 3.1%; the ratios of lean meat weights in the leg cut were 63.5 and 62.9%; fat weights 15.4 and 17.8%; bone weights 21.1 and 19.3%: the ratios of lean meat weights in the shoulder cut were 64.8 and 58.3%; fat weights 12.6 and 20.5%; bone weights 22.6 and 21.1%; the ratios of total meat weights in the carcass 48.4 and 51.9%; fat weights 13.5 and 22.0%; bone weights 17.8 and 19.8%; and fat weights in the tailed carcass 32.4 and 25.1% for the same genotypes.