TR-Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
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Article Ağaç Malzemede Renk Açma İşlemleri ve Verniklerin Renk Değiştirici Etkileri(1999) Özçifçi, Ayhan; Atar, Musa; Sönmez, Abdullah; Uysal, BurhanettinBu araştırmada, sarıçam (Pinus silvestris I), Doğu kayını (Fagus Orientalis lipsky), dişbudak (Fraxinus excelsior I.) ve sapsız meşe (Quercus petraea spp.) üzerinde, sodyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, sodyum hidroksit + kalsiyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, hipoklorit ve hidroklorik asitin renk açma uygunlukları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmada renk açma işlemi yapılmış ağaç örneklerin yüzeylerinde akrilik, sentetik, poliüretan ve asit katalizörlü verniklerin renk değiştirici etkileri belirlenmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda; örneklerin yüzeyinde, sodyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit ve sodyum hidroksit + kalsiyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit çözeltilerinin kuvvetli renk açıcı olduklarını, hidroklorik asit ve hipoklorit asit çözeltilerinin ise zayıf renk açıcı olduklarını, sentetik ve akrilik vernikler ahşap örnekleriri yüzeyinde en açık rengi verirken poliüretan ve asit sertleştiricili verniklerin daha koyu renk verdikleri belirlenmiştir.Other Arpada Terpal Bitki Büyüme Regülatörünün Verim ve Verim Ögelerine Etkisi(1997) Ege, Hatice; Sönmez, Fahri; Okut, Hayrettin-Article Bazı Çilek Çeşitlerinde Çiçek Tozu Üretim Miktarları ve Çimlenme Oranlarının Belirlenmesi Üzerinde Bir Araştırma(2000) Aşkın, M. Atilla; Yılmaz, Hüdai; Koyuncu, Fatma-Article Biogenic Amines Contents of Van Herby Cheese Matured by Different Methods(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Bozkurt, Rumeysa; Altun, IbrahimIn this study, biogenic amines levels of Van herby cheese (Van Otlu peynir) matured in dry-salted/filling (basin a) and brine (salamura)-salted techniques were investigated. For this purpose, a total of 100 herby cheese samples matured by dry-salted and brine-salted techniques (50 dry-salted and 50 brine-salted) were purchased from the grocery stores in Van province, and chemical characteristics and biogenic amines contents of the samples were determined. The mean chemical composition for Van herby cheese matured by dry-salted method and brine-salted methods were, respectively, as follows: pH value 4.62 and 5.16, acidity 1.50% and 1.08%, salt content 7.85% and 7.15%, dry matter content 59.07% and 49.22%, fat 27.00% and 23.43%, protein content 23.39% and 17.17% and protein hydrolysis of 100.92 mM and 79.57 mM, indicating that dry-salted Van herby cheese had significantly lower pH values and significantly greater acidity and protein, dry matter, and fat content than brine-salted Van herby cheese (P < 0.05). In addition, only the tyramine levels were significantly greater in the dry-salted group than the brine-salted group approximately twice high (P < 0.001). In terms of the other biogenic amines, no significant difference was found between two groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, none of the biogenic amines levels measured in Van herby cheese produced by both techniques were above the levels considered to be dangerous for human health. More detailed research is needed to better elucidate the importance of present findings in terms of human health.Article Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities Associated With Vineyards in Northwestern Iran(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Rezaee Danesh, Younes; Kariman, Khalil; Keskin, Nurhan; Najafi, SolmazArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish beneficial symbiotic associations with plants, enhancing their nutrient uptake, growth, and stress tolerance. The present study was aimed to investigate AMF spore density, species composition, mycorrhizal colonization patterns, and correlation of these indices with soil physicochemical parameters at four vineyards located in one of the most important grape-producing regions of Iran (West Azerbaijan province). Forty-three soil samples were collected from four grape-producing regions during July-August 2019. The total spore abundance ranged from 39-647 spores per 100 g dry soil. Twelve AMF species, representing six genera (Rhizophagus, Funneliformis, Glomus, Septoglomus, Claroideoglomus, and Scutellospora) were identified. Rhizophagus fasciculatus was the most frequently found species, with a frequency of 75%. Two of the identified species, G. glomerulatum and Scutellospora calospora are new for the mycoflora of Iran. Significant negative correlations were detected between AMF attributes [spore density, AMF colonization frequency (F%) as well as AMF colonization intensity (M%)] and soil phosphorus content. The results provide insights into the AMF communities and dynamics in vineyards as influenced by soil parameters, improving our understanding of soil biological fertility in grape production systems.Article Critical Period of Weed Control in Chickpea Under Non-Irrigated Conditions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Tepe, Isik; Erman, Murat; Yergin, Reyyan; Bukun, BekirThe present study was conducted during the growing seasons of 2005, 2006, and 2007 to determine the critical period of weed control (CPWC) in chickpea (cv. Aziziye 94). In order to evaluate the beginning of CPWC, weeds were allowed to compete at weekly intervals for 1 to 8 weeks after emergence (WAE) and, at the end of CPWC, plots were kept weed-free at weekly intervals for 1 to 8 WAE by periodic hand hoeing. The beginning and the end of CPWC were based on 5% acceptable yield loss (AYL) levels, which were determined by fitting logistic and Gompertz equations to relative yield data, representing increasing duration of weed-interference and weed-free period, estimated as growing degree days (GDDs). The major weed species were Centaurea depressa Bieb. and Bromus tectorum L. for the 1st year, Salsola ruthenica Iljin., Amaranthus sp. and Heliotropium europaeum L. for the 2nd year and Amaranthus spp., Salsola ruthenica Iljin., Sisymbrium septulatum DC. and Heliotropium europaeum L. for the 3rd year. Overall weed density was 190 plants m(-2) in 2005, 215 plants m(-2) in 2006, and 191 plants m(-2) in 2007. Yield losses were 26.4% in 2005, 31.5% in 2006, and 25.0% in 2007 when the crop was not weeded. It was found that at the 5% AYL level CPWC was 2.32 WAE to harvest in the 1st year, from emergence to harvest in the 2nd year, and from 0.34 WAE to harvest in the 3rd year. The present findings suggest that the determination of CPWC is crucial in chickpea production.Article Article Damla Sulama Yöntemiyle Sulanan Pamukta Su Kullanım Randımanı (Wue) ve Verim-tepki Etmeninin (Ky) Değişimi(2001) Kanber, Rıza; Ertek, Ahmet-Article Damla Yöntemiyle Sulanan Pamukta Farklı Sulama Programlarının Bitki Gelişmesine Etkileri(2001) Kanber, Rıza; Ertek, Ahmet-Article Effect of Different Control Methods on Weeds, Yield Components and Nodulation in the Spring Lentil(TUBITAK, 2004) Tepe, I.; Erman, M.; Yazlik, A.; Levent, R.; Ipek, K.This study was conducted on the lentil cultivar Malazgirt 89 during 1999 and 2000 to determine the most appropriate method for controlling weeds. In the experiments, hand hoeing, trifluralin, imazethapyr, linuron, prometryn, phenmedipham + desmediphame, trifluralin + hand hoeing and linuron + hand hoeing which should be used as an alternative to hand weeding, were tested. The effects of herbicides on nodulation in lentils were also investigated. Centaurea depressa in the first year, and Ranunculus arvensis and Acroptilon repens in the second year were the dominant weed species encountered in the plots. A combination of linuron + hand hoeing, linuron alone and hand hoeing were the most effective methods for weed control. Trifluralin, imazethapyr and phenmedipham + desmedipham showed phytotoxic effects on lentils. None of the herbicides and methods used in the investigation had any adverse effects on nodulation, and Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation was not found to have any effect on the competitive ability of weeds in lentils. © TÜBITAK.Article Effect of Egg White Protein and Agar-Agar on Quality of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) During Cold Storage(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Saran, Erdi Yildirim; Cavusoglu, Seyda; Alpaslan, Duygu; Eren, Erkan; Yilmaz, Nurettin; Uzun, YusufThe commercialization of mushrooms is critical because they have a short shelf life. For this reason, we investigated the effect of agar-agar and egg white protein on weight loss, polyphenol oxidase and catalase, protein content, total phenolics, total antioxidant capacity, respiration rate, ethylene production and storability of button mushrooms. Our findings suggested that the treatment of edible coating delayed remarkably senescence and maintained the quality of button mushroom. Egg white protein coating was more effective on protein content, total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, respiration rate, and ethylene production than agar-agar coating. On the other hand, agar-agar coating was more effective on weight loss, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and color changes. Ethylene production and respiration rate were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in edible coating-treated samples than uncoated samples. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. It can be recommended that abovementioned edible coatings could be used as a commercial treatment for maintaining the quality of button mushrooms during long-term storage period.Article Effect of Postharvest Edible Coating Materials on Sugar and Organic Acid Content of Fresh-Cut Melons Grown With Different Fertilizer Treatments(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Islek, Firat; Cavusoglu, SeydaThe demand for convenient and ready-to-eat food has increased, including fresh-cut fruit and vegetables. At the same time, people are also becoming more health-conscious and are aware of the positive impact of healthy food choices on their well-being. Fresh-cut fruit and vegetables are seen as a healthy and convenient option that allows people to meet their nutritional needs without sacrificing their busy lifestyles. This study examines the use of sustainable fertilization practices for growing melons and the application of edible coatings on fresh-cut fruit to preserve their freshness and levels of sugar and organic acids during storage. The cv. 'Kirkagac' melon was used as the plant material. In the current study, the materials needed for preharvest fertilizer applications (humic acid, liquid worm fertilizer, and organomineral fertilizer) were obtained from a commercial company. The materials needed for postharvest edible coating (sodium alginate, pectin, and carob gum) were obtained from a different company. According to the results, the total sugar content of the melons increased as they ripened, but the application of an edible pectin coating helped to control this increase in sugar content better than the other treatments. This is because the pectin coating slowed down the ripening process by reducing the rate of respiration and ethylene release. The results of the study indicated that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) observed between the control group and the samples treated with edible coatings in all parameters measured. In summary, this study suggests that sustainable fertilization practices could be a viable option for cultivating melons, and that edible coatings could be used as novel materials in commercial treatments to maintain the quality of fresh-cut melons during storage.Article The Effects of Chemicals for Using the Bleaching of the Wood Surfaces on the Layer Hardness of Varnish(1999) Atarr, Musa; Özçifçi, Ayhan; Uysal, Burhanettin: Bu araştırmada, sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L), Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), dişbudak (Fraxinus excelsior L.) ve sapsız meşe (Quercus petraea Mattu Liebl.) üzerinde, sodyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, sodyum hidroksit + kalsiyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, hipoklorit ve hidroklorik asitle renk açma işlemi yapılmıştır. Daha sonra ağaç örneklerin yüzeylerinde akrilik, sentetik, poliüretan ve asit katalizörlü vernikler uygulanarak renk açma kimyasallarının vernik katmanlarının sertliğine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda; doğal verniklemede, ağaç türünün vernik sertliğine etkisinin önemsiz, vernik türünün etkisinin önemli olduğu, renk açma işleminden sonra yapılan verniklemede ise vernik sertliğine ağaç türünün, renk açmada kullanılan kimyasal türü ve konsantrosyonunun ve vernik türünün etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.Article Effects of Hot Water and Uv-C on Mineral Content Changes in Two Strawberry Cultivars Stored at Different Temperatures(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2018) Cavusoglu, SeydaIn this study, two standard strawberry cultivars, Rubygem and Sabrina, were treated with UV-C (254 nm), hot water (60 degrees C for 10 s), and UV-C + hot water after harvesting and stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 0 degrees C and 5 degrees C. The variations in mineral contents including phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) were analyzed during storage periods. Analysis of variance for storage temperature, storage time, cultivar, and treatments showed that storing both cultivars at different temperatures followed by all treatments caused some increases in P and Mg contents as well as a decrease in Ca content. The treatments had both increasing and decreasing effects on Cu and Na contents. Moreover, increases in K, Mn, and Zn contents were observed in all treatments except for UV-C and UV-C + hot water applications for cultivar Rubygem.Article The Effects of Sewage Sludge Applications on the Yield, Growth, Nutrition and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Apple Trees Growing in Dry Conditions(TUBITAK, 2003) Bozkurt, M.A.; Yarilgaç, T.The effects of various sewage sludge (biosolid) rates and a single dose barnyard manure application on the fruit yield, growth, nutrition and heavy metal accumulation of apple trees were investigated. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 4 replicates in dry conditions in Van, in the East Anatolia region of Turkey in 2000 and 2001. Sewage sludge was added to the soil at the rates of 0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 kg tree-1. Barnyard manure was applied to the soil at a rate of 25 kg tree-1. Two years' data showed that the addition of sewage sludge to calcareous soil significantly increased fruit yield, cumulative yield efficiency, shoot growth and leaf N, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations at the end of the study. These increases were generally lower with barnyard manure applications. The sewage sludge and manure applications did not cause any significant increase in tree trunk girth and P, K, Ca, Ni, Cr and Cd concentrations in leaf samples. Leaf Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations increased at the highest sludge rate from 88.0 to 105.3, from 44.2 to 75.5 and from 9.2 to 10.4 mg kg-1, respectively. The 2-year results of this study demonstrated that sewage sludge applied to apple trees did not cause toxicity in the leaves. However, long-term sewage sludge application may result in the accumulation of some heavy metals in the soil and their entry into plants in quantities above the maximum permitted concentrations.Article The Effects of Wood Bleaching Chemicals on Thebending Strength of Wood(1999) Atar, Musa; Özçifçi, Ayhan; Uysal, BurhanettinBu çalışmada sodyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, sodyum hidroksit + kalsiyum hidroksit + hidrojen peroksit, hipoklorit vehidroklorik asit ile rengi açılmış sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.), Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis lipsky), dişbudak (Fraxinus exclsior L.) vesapsız meşe (Quercus petraea spp.) odununun statik eğilme direncinde meydana gelen değişmeler incelenmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda;en fazla eğilme direncindeki azalmaya asidik karakterdeki hipoklorit ve hidroklorik asit çözeltileri neden olmuşturArticle First Report of "candidatus Phytoplasma Solani" on a New Host Marigold (Tagetes Erecta L.)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2016) Alp, Sevket; Usta, Mustafa; Sipahioglu, Hikmet Murat; Guller, AbdullahMarigold (Tagetes erecta L.) plants, also called Mexican or Aztec marigold, with symptoms of shoot proliferation, dwarfing, and reddening were observed in ornamental gardens of Van Province (Turkey). Five plants, two of them showing reddening and three symptomless plants, were sampled at the end of September 2014. Genomic DNA isolated from symptomatic and nonsymptomatic plant leaves was used to amplify 16S rDNA fragments by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 5 marigold samples tested by PCR, only the two showing reddening symptoms yielded the expected 1.2-kb DNA fragments. Amplified PCR fragments were cloned into a plasmid vector and transformed into competent Escherichia coli strain JM 109. Recombinant plasmid DNA was isolated and sequenced bidirectionally. The provided sequences were 1244 bp and 1245 bp in length and were designated as isolate 1 and isolate 2, respectively. BLAST analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis confirmed the presence of the phytoplasma "Candidatus Phytoplasma solani". The in silico virtual RFLP pattern of isolate 1, based on the 16S rDNA F2n/R2 fragment, was identical (similarity coefficient 1.00) to the reference pattern of 16Sr group XII, subgroup A (GenBank accession no.: AF248959). Isolate 1 was identified as a member of 16SrXII-A. Based on the same analyses, isolate 2 showed molecular characteristics different from reference patterns of all previously established 16Sr groups and subgroups. The most similar was the reference pattern of 16Sr group XII, subgroup A (GenBank accession no.: AF248959), with a similarity coefficient of 0.97. This is the first report of naturally occurring "Ca. P. solani" affecting T. erecta, which shows that this plant species is an alternate host of the agent.Article Genetic Diversity Analysis in the Turkish Pepper Germplasm Using Ipbs Retrotransposon-Based Markers(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Yildiz, Mehtap; Kocak, Metin; Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar; Cavagnaro, Pablo; Barboza, Karina; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad; Keles, DavutCapsicum is one of the most important and diverse plant taxa, widely used as a spice and vegetable worldwide, including Turkey. Germplasm characterization is an essential step for crop breeding. In the present study, we characterized the genetic diversity and population structure of a collection of 94 pepper accessions using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon-based markers. A total of 20 iPBS primers were used that generated 172 bands (mean 8.6 bands/primer), of which similar to 92% were polymorphic in the entire germplasm collection, whereas 83%, 69%, and 80% of the bands were polymorphic within the C. annuum, C. chinense, and C. frutescens subsets, respectively. All of the taxa analyzed were clearly differentiated by the iPBS markers. The polymorphism information content of the markers ranged between 0.15 and 0.99, with an average of 0.66. Cluster analyses by different methods (UPG MA, STRUCTURE, and principal coordinate analysis) revealed a clear separation of all of the C. annuum accessions from the other pepper species, with a few subclusters observed among the latter, including groups with accessions of both C. frutescens and C. chinense. At the interspecies level, the 3 clustering methods clearly discriminated C. annuum from C. frutescens and C. chinense. No clear association was found between the iPBS-based clustering and geographical origin or fruit characteristics of the accessions. This is the first report characterizing the genetic diversity and population structure in the Turkish pepper gennplasm using iPBS markers. It is expected that these data will serve as a foundation for the development of new and improved pepper varieties.Article Hyalopterus Pruni (Geoffer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) ile Beslenen Üç Coccinellid Türünün Gelişme ve Üremesi(2002) Kaydan, M.bora; Atlıhan, RemziThe development, survival and fecundity of three aphidophagus coccinellid species, Scymnus apetzi (Mulsant), Scymnus subvillosus (Goeze) and Exochomus nigromaculatus (Goeze), were studied under laboratory conditions (25 ? 1, 65 ? 5% RH and 16 L/8D). Development time from egg to adult was 20.4, 17.1 and 16.7 days for S. apetzi, S. subvillosus and E. nigromaculatus, respectively. Mortality rate from egg to adulthood was highest for S. apetzi (37.9%) followed by S. subvillosus (36.3%) and E. nigromaculatus (25.7%). Duration of the oviposition period was 58.6, 64.9 and 75.3 days, and the total number of eggs per female was 492.8, 224.9 and 428.5 for S. apetzi, S. subvillosus and E. nigromaculatus, respectively. According to the life table parameters, net reproduction rate per female ($R_0$), the intrins rate of increase ($r_m$), and mean generation time ($T_0$) were 137.5, 0,121 and 40.7 for S. apetzi; 69.9, 0.110 and 38.3 for S. subvillosus, and 157.2, 0.134 and 37.7 for E. nigromaculatus. The results obtained here provi de information about the biology of three coccinellids that might be useful for the utilization of these predators in IPM programs against H. pruni.Article Inter-Primer Binding Site (Ipbs) Retrotransposon Markers Provide Insights Into the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Carrots (Daucus, Apiaceae)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Yildiz, Mehtap; Arbizu, Carlos, IStudies of genetic diversity and population structure are essential as an initial step in conservation and breeding programs for modern crops. Carrot (Daucus spp.) is among the ten most important vegetables worldwide, however, its genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships are not totally deciphered. Here, we explored the utility of 21 inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon markers to determine the genetic diversity and population structure of 38 accessions of Daucus and one accession of a related genus. The manual scoring revealed 309 bands based on their presence/absence. The dendrogram based on the UPGMA clustering algorithm and a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated the presence of four clusters. The Daucus species with 2n = 18 chromosome (subclade A') separated from the other two species D. pusillus and D. muricatus, which were positioned into two individual clusters. The other Glade includes the Daucus from the B group. It was also noticed that few accessions were intermixed amongst clusters. Different genetic diversity parameters were estimated based on the four clusters (populations) defined by STRUCTURE software, demonstrating that clusters 3 and 4 possessed the lowest and highest diversity values, respectively. AMOVA showed variation between and within clusters of 41.85% and 58.15%, respectively. The highest population divergence (F-st) was observed between clusters 2 and 3 (0.579), on the other hand, clusters 1 and 4 depicted the lowest F-st with 0.160. Our research highlighted that iPBS markers were successful and effective to study Daucus genetic diversity. These results will contribute to the genetic improvement of carrots and sustainable management of its diversity.
