Determining Women's Smoking Trends With Joinpoint Regression Analysis
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2025
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Tütün kullanımı, erken ölüme yol açan hastalıklar için önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu ve her yıl milyonlarca insanın yaşamını yitirmesine yol açtığı için, önemli bir halk sağlığı sorundur. Sigara en yaygın kullanılan tütün ürünüdür. Sigaranın sağlığa olan zararları anlaşılmaya başlandığında, tütün kullanımını önlemeye yönelik mücadele programları başlatılmıştır. Küresel çapta yürütülen tütünle mücadele programlarından en önemlisi Tütün Kontrolü Çerçeve Sözleşmesi (TKÇS)'dir. Bu sözleşme ile taraf ülkeler tütünle mücadele konusunda harekete geçmiş ve önlemler uygulanmaya başlandıktan bir süre sonra, geliştirilen bir ölçekle 30 ülkenin önlemleri uygulamadaki başarısı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında, Virginia Tech üniversitesinin hazırladığı, ülkelere göre sigara kullanma oranlarını içeren ve 1980-2012 yıllarını kapsayan srbest erişimli veri seti kullanılarak, tütünle mücadelede en başarılı ve en başarısız beş ülkedeki kadınların sigara içme eğilimleri Joinpoint Regresyon Analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Sözleşme kapsamında yer alan mücadele yöntemlerinin etkili olup olmadığı, zaman serisindeki kırılmalar incelenerek ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. İngiltere (-3.33) ve Norveç'te (-5.07) TKÇS ile birlikte tarihsel süreçteki en yüksek yıllık yüzde değişim oranı görülmüştür. Bunlar 'fiyatlandırma' konusundaki mücadelede en başarılı iki ülkedir.
Tobacco use is a significant public health issue as it is a major risk factor for diseases leading to premature death and causes millions of deaths annually. Smoking is the most commonly used tobacco product. Once the harmful effects of smoking on health were understood, anti-smoking programs were initiated. One of the most important global anti-tobacco programs is the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Through this convention, signatory countries have taken action against tobacco use, and after a period of implementing measures, the success of 30 countries in applying these measures was assessed using a developed scale. In this thesis, the trends in female smoking rates in the most successful and least successful five countries in tobacco control were examined using the open-access dataset from Virginia Tech University, which includes smoking rates by country for the years 1980-2012. Joinpoint Regression Analysis (JRA) method was used for the analysis. The effectiveness of the methods outlined in the convention was explored by examining the breakpoints in the time series. The highest annual percentage change rates in the historical process were observed in the United Kingdom (-3.33) and Norway (-5.07). These two countries were the most successful in the fight against tobacco control, especially in the 'pricing' category.
Tobacco use is a significant public health issue as it is a major risk factor for diseases leading to premature death and causes millions of deaths annually. Smoking is the most commonly used tobacco product. Once the harmful effects of smoking on health were understood, anti-smoking programs were initiated. One of the most important global anti-tobacco programs is the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Through this convention, signatory countries have taken action against tobacco use, and after a period of implementing measures, the success of 30 countries in applying these measures was assessed using a developed scale. In this thesis, the trends in female smoking rates in the most successful and least successful five countries in tobacco control were examined using the open-access dataset from Virginia Tech University, which includes smoking rates by country for the years 1980-2012. Joinpoint Regression Analysis (JRA) method was used for the analysis. The effectiveness of the methods outlined in the convention was explored by examining the breakpoints in the time series. The highest annual percentage change rates in the historical process were observed in the United Kingdom (-3.33) and Norway (-5.07). These two countries were the most successful in the fight against tobacco control, especially in the 'pricing' category.
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Biyoistatistik, Biostatistics
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80