Synthesis and Biological Applications of Hybrid Structures of Ferrocene-Artemisinin
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2021
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Bu çalışmada, biyolojik özelliklerinden dolayı ferrosen ve artemisinin içeren yeni hibrit moleküller tasarlanmış ve sentezlenmiştir. Ferrosen bazlı moleküller analjezik, antipiretik, antibakteriyel, antiparaziter, antitümör ve antikanser ajanlar olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yeni ferrosen-artemisinin hibritleri, Orta ila yüksek verimlerde Sonagashira birleştirme reaksiyonları, elektrofilik siklizasyon reaksiyonları, Suzuki Miyaura birleştirme reaksiyonları ve Steglich esterleştirme reaksiyonları kullanılarak hazırlandı. İstenilen hibrit moleküllerin karakterizasyonundan sonra biyolojik özellikleri (antimikrobiyal aktivite, antioksidan kapasite ve sitotoksisite özellikleri) araştırıldı. Antimikrobiyal aktivite çalışmaları incelendiğinde sentezlenen maddelerin gram pozitif bakteriler üzerinde antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca ABTS ve DPPH yöntemleri kullanılarak 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17 ve 18 numaralı yapılar için antioksidan kapasiteleri belirlenmiştir. Test edilen maddeler DPPH radikali ile etkileşime girmediği için DPPH yöntemi ile yapılan deneyler sonucunda herhangi bir sonuç tespit edilememiştir. ABTS yönteminde sentezlenen maddeler genellikle daha yüksek veya karşılaştırılabilir ABTS değerlerine sahiptir; Pozitif kontrollerle (Trolox ve Askorbik asit) karşılaştırıldığında genel olarak tüm maddelerin güçlü antioksidan aktivite gösterdiği belirlendi. Son olarak, 16, 17 ve 18 numaralı hibrit moleküllerin sitotoksik etkileri bulundu. Ferrosen-artemisinin molekülleri 16 ve 17, CACO-2'de çok yüksek sitotoksisiteye (EC50: 4.58 µM, 7.14 µM) sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, yeni hibrit moleküller kanser hücrelerine karşı yüksek aktivite gösterdi. Ferrosen-artemisinin hibritleri, gelecekteki uygulamalarda antimikrobiyal etkileri, antioksidan kapasiteleri ve sitotoksik özellikleri ile yeni ilaç adayları sınıfı olabilir.
In the present study, new hybrid molecules including ferrocene and artemisinin are designed and synthesized due to their biological properties. Ferrocene based molecules are used as analgesic, antipyretic, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antitumor and anticancer agents. New ferrocene-artemisinin hybrids were prepared by using Sonagashira coupling reactions, electrophilic cyclization reactions, Suzuki Miyaura coupling reactions, and Steglich esterification reactions in moderate to high yields. After characterization of desired hybrid molecules, the biological properties (antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxicity properties) were investigated. When the antimicrobial activity studies were examined, it was seen that the synthesized substances have antimicrobial activity on gram positive bacteria. In addition, antioxidant capacities are determined for structures 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, and 18 by using ABTS and DPPH methods. Since the tested substances did not interact with the DPPH radical, no results could be determined as a result of the experiments performed with the DPPH method. In the ABTS method, the synthesized substances generally have higher or comparable ABTS values; When compared with positive controls (Trolox and Ascorbic acid), it was determined that all substances showed strong antioxidant activity in general. Lastly, the cytotoxic effects of hybrid molecules 16, 17 and 18 were found. Ferrocene-artemisinin molecules 16 and 17 have a very high cytotoxicity (EC50: 4.58 µM, 7.14 µM) in CACO-2. As a results, novel hybrid molecules displayed high activity against cancer cells. Ferrocene-artemisinin hybrids may be new class of drug candidates with their antimicrobial effects, antioxidant capacities and cytotoxic properties in future applications.
In the present study, new hybrid molecules including ferrocene and artemisinin are designed and synthesized due to their biological properties. Ferrocene based molecules are used as analgesic, antipyretic, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antitumor and anticancer agents. New ferrocene-artemisinin hybrids were prepared by using Sonagashira coupling reactions, electrophilic cyclization reactions, Suzuki Miyaura coupling reactions, and Steglich esterification reactions in moderate to high yields. After characterization of desired hybrid molecules, the biological properties (antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxicity properties) were investigated. When the antimicrobial activity studies were examined, it was seen that the synthesized substances have antimicrobial activity on gram positive bacteria. In addition, antioxidant capacities are determined for structures 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, and 18 by using ABTS and DPPH methods. Since the tested substances did not interact with the DPPH radical, no results could be determined as a result of the experiments performed with the DPPH method. In the ABTS method, the synthesized substances generally have higher or comparable ABTS values; When compared with positive controls (Trolox and Ascorbic acid), it was determined that all substances showed strong antioxidant activity in general. Lastly, the cytotoxic effects of hybrid molecules 16, 17 and 18 were found. Ferrocene-artemisinin molecules 16 and 17 have a very high cytotoxicity (EC50: 4.58 µM, 7.14 µM) in CACO-2. As a results, novel hybrid molecules displayed high activity against cancer cells. Ferrocene-artemisinin hybrids may be new class of drug candidates with their antimicrobial effects, antioxidant capacities and cytotoxic properties in future applications.
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Biyokimya, Biyoloji, Kimya, Biochemistry, Biology, Chemistry
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120