An ecocritical view on the novels and stories of Halikarnas Balıkçısı
Abstract
Dünyada çevresel sorunların giderek küresel tehdit haline gelmesi, çevre sorunlarına dair farklı çözüm yollarına başvurulmasını sağlamıştır. Bu çözüm yollarından biri de Avrupa'da 1990'lardan sonra popülerlik kazanan bir kuram olan 'Ekoeleştiri' kuramıdır. Kuram, çevreye karşı insan merkezli bakış açısı yerine doğadan yana bir bakış açısı geliştirerek doğa üzerindeki insan tahakkümüne son vermeyi amaçlar. Bu amaçla kuram, kurgusal metinler yaratarak insanların duygu dünyasına ulaşmayı ve insana bilinç kazandırmayı esas alır. Ülkemizde kurama olan ilgi henüz istenilen düzeyde olmasa da son yıllarda artarak devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda ekoeleştiri kuramı merkeze alınarak Halikarnas Balıkçısı (Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı)'nın hikâye ve romanları, ekoeleştirel bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yazarın eserlerine bakıldığında doğayı, denizi eserlerinin temeline oturtması, onun eserlerinin ekoeleştiri kuramı yönünden incelenmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Bu bağlamda Halikarnas Balıkçısı'nın eserlerinde edebiyat ve çevre ilişkisi irdelenerek Türk edebiyatında doğa bilincinin güçlenmesi ve Türk edebiyatına yerleşmesi amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Halikarnas Balıkçısı (Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı), doğa, çevre, çevreci eleştiri, ekoeleştiri
As environmental problems have gradually become global threats, different approaches came into existence for their solutions. One of these solutions is the theory of Ecocriticism which has become popular in Europe after the years 1990. This theory, developing a nature-centered point of view instead of a human-centered approach, aims at ending the human sovereignty over the nature. For this purpose, through creating fictional texts they aim at reaching the emotional life of people and raising awareness. The interest in the theory is not in the satisfactory level in our country but has been increasing recently. In our study, by putting the theory of ecocriticism in the center, the stories and novels ofHalikarnas Balıkçısı (Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı) were analysed with the ecocritical point of view. Taking into account that the writer uses the nature and the sea as a ground for its works, it becomes possible to analyse his works in the framework of ecocritisim. In this sense, through evaluating the relation between literature and environment in the works of Halikarnas Balıkçısı, it is aimed at ensuring the furtherance and emplacement of the environmental consciousness in Turkish literature.
As environmental problems have gradually become global threats, different approaches came into existence for their solutions. One of these solutions is the theory of Ecocriticism which has become popular in Europe after the years 1990. This theory, developing a nature-centered point of view instead of a human-centered approach, aims at ending the human sovereignty over the nature. For this purpose, through creating fictional texts they aim at reaching the emotional life of people and raising awareness. The interest in the theory is not in the satisfactory level in our country but has been increasing recently. In our study, by putting the theory of ecocriticism in the center, the stories and novels ofHalikarnas Balıkçısı (Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı) were analysed with the ecocritical point of view. Taking into account that the writer uses the nature and the sea as a ground for its works, it becomes possible to analyse his works in the framework of ecocritisim. In this sense, through evaluating the relation between literature and environment in the works of Halikarnas Balıkçısı, it is aimed at ensuring the furtherance and emplacement of the environmental consciousness in Turkish literature.
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Keywords
Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Doğa, Ekoeleştiri, Hikaye, Kabaağaçlı, Musa Cevat Şakir, Roman, Türk hikayesi, Türk romanı, Çevre, Turkish Language and Literature, Nature, Ecocriticism, Story, Kabaağaçlı, Musa Cevat Şakir, Novel, Turkish story, Turkish novel, Environment
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126