Alkaloid Production From Peganum Harmala L. in Tissue Culture With Different Tissue or Organs and Quantitative Analysis With Hplc
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2012
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Üzerlik bitkisi (Peganum harmala L.) tohumları hormonsuz MS ortamında çimlendirilmiştir. Fidelerden elde edilen kök, gövde ucu, yaprak, yaprak sapı, hipokotil, kotiledon ve nod eksplantları, içinde 2,4-D bulunan MS ortamında inkübe edilmiştir. Hipokotil ve kotiledon eksplantlarından kallus elde edilmiştir. Kalluslar, soğuk, karanlık stresine maruz bırakılmış ve içinde NAA, BAP ve ABA bulunan ortamlarda inkübe edilmiştir. Laboratuvarda saksıda da aynı bitkinin tohumları çimlendirilmiştir. Tohum, saksıda yetişen fideler, soğuk ve karanlığa maruz bırakılan, NAA, BAP ve ABA hormonları ile muamele edilen kalluslardan, ß-karbolin alkaloitleri; harmalol, harmin ve harmalin saflaştırılarak HPLC de kantitatif olarak belirlenmiştir. Her üç alkaloit doğal olan tohum ve saksıda yetiştirilen fidelerde en yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur. Aynı zamanda stres şartlarına maruz bırakılan ve farklı hormonlarla muamele edilen kalluslarda alkaloit elde edilmiştir. 2,4-D içeren MS ortamında kallus elde edildiği için bu uygulama kalluslar için kontrol gurubu olarak kabul edilmiştir. Buna göre; soğuk uygulaması harmalol miktarında azalmaya neden olurken diğer uygulamalar arasında önemli bir fark görülmemiştir. Ancak ABA uygulamasının, kontrole göre % 23 oranında harmalol artışına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Harmalin, kontrole göre soğuk uygulamasında artış gösterirken diğer uygulamalarda ciddi düşüş kaydedilmiştir. Harmin, kontrolle karşılaştırıldığında, soğuk uygulamasında ciddi oranda düşüş tespit edilirken, yine ABA uygulamasında artış gözlenmiştir.
Peganum harmala L. seeds were germinated in hormone free MS culture. Root, shoot tip, leaf, petiole, hypocotyl, cotyledon and nod explants provided from seedlings were incubated in MS medium with 2,4-D. Hypocotyl and cotyledon explants only gave callus tissue. Callus were treated with cold and dark stress and incubated in MS with NAA, BAP and ABA. Seedlings were also germinated from seeds in pots in ambient conditions. ß-carboline alkaloids; harmalol, harmine and harmaline were extracted from seeds, seedlings grown in pots, callus grown in MS medium with 2,4-D, callus incubated with NAA, BAP, ABA and callus treated with cold and dark stress. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed with HPLC. The highest alkaloid levels were determined from seeds and seedlings grown in pots. But also, alkaloid production in callus tissues is also promising. Callus grown in MS with 2,4-D was accepted as control for all callus applications. Harmalol and harmine were decreased with cold treatment but increased with ABA application compared to control. Harmaline was increased with cold stress but dramatically decreased in all the callus treatments.
Peganum harmala L. seeds were germinated in hormone free MS culture. Root, shoot tip, leaf, petiole, hypocotyl, cotyledon and nod explants provided from seedlings were incubated in MS medium with 2,4-D. Hypocotyl and cotyledon explants only gave callus tissue. Callus were treated with cold and dark stress and incubated in MS with NAA, BAP and ABA. Seedlings were also germinated from seeds in pots in ambient conditions. ß-carboline alkaloids; harmalol, harmine and harmaline were extracted from seeds, seedlings grown in pots, callus grown in MS medium with 2,4-D, callus incubated with NAA, BAP, ABA and callus treated with cold and dark stress. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed with HPLC. The highest alkaloid levels were determined from seeds and seedlings grown in pots. But also, alkaloid production in callus tissues is also promising. Callus grown in MS with 2,4-D was accepted as control for all callus applications. Harmalol and harmine were decreased with cold treatment but increased with ABA application compared to control. Harmaline was increased with cold stress but dramatically decreased in all the callus treatments.
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Biyoloji, Kemik Kallusu, Kromatografi-Yüksek Basınçlı-Sıvı, Peganum Harmala L., Biology, Bony Callus, Chromatography-High Pressure-Liquid, Peganum Harmala L.
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48