Anatomical, Histological and Immunohistochemical Investigation of Pineal Gland in Van Fish (alburnus Tarichi Güldenstädt, 1814)
Abstract
Pineal bez ve ondan salgılanan melatonin hormonu biyolojik saatin belirlenmesi ve mevsimsel değişikliklere adaptasyon, glikoz dengesi, beslenme ve lokomotor aktiviteleri üzerine fonksiyoneldir. Van balığı Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814) Van Gölünde yaşayan endemik bir sazan türüdür. Balık üreme göçü esnasında yumurtalarını bırakmak üzere tatlı suya toplu bir şekilde göç gerçekleştirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Van balığı pineal bezi anatomik, histolojik ve immunohistokimyasal olarak incelendi. Üreme göçü sırasında hem göl hem de akarsulardan örneklenen balık plazmalarında pineal bezden salgılanan melatonin seviyesi belirlendi. Pineal bez diğer teleost balıklarda olduğu gibi balığın baş kısmında fazla pigment hücre içermeyen pineal pencere altında yer alır. Bez Van balığında dorsal kese üzerinde pineal vezikül ve pineal sap kısımlarından meydana gelir. Pineal bez iyi damarlanma gösteren bir bezdir. Pineal organ içerisinde pinealosit ve farklı tipte hücrelerin varlığı farklı histolojik ve immünohistokimyasal işaretlemeler ile belirlendi. Pinealosit hücrelerin pineal vezikülün lümen kısmında lokalize olduğu gözlendi. Plazma melatonin seviyesinin gölden akarsuya geçen balıklarda artış gösterdiği belirlendi (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile ilk defa Van balığı pineal bezinin anatomik ve histolojik yapısı ve üreme döneminde melatonin seviyeleri belirlendi. Anahtar kelimeler: Histoloji, İmmünohistokimya, Pineal bez, Van Balığı, Van Gölü
The pineal gland and the melatonin hormone secreted from it are functional on determination of the biological clock and adaptation to seasonal changes, glucose balance, nutrition and locomotor activities. Van fish Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814) is an endemic carp species living in Lake Van. During the fish breeding migration, they migrate collectively to fresh water to lay their eggs. In this study, the Van fish pineal gland was examined anatomically, histologically and immunohistochemically. During the breeding migration, the melatonin level secreted from the pineal gland was determined in the fish plasma sampled from both lakes and streams. The pineal gland is located under the pineal window, which does not contain much pigment cells in the head of the fish, as in other teleost fish. The gland consists of pineal vesicles and pineal stalk parts on the dorsal sac in Van fish. Pineal gland is a gland with dense vascularization. The presence of pinealocytes and different types of cells in the pineal organ was determined by different histological and immunohistochemical markings. It was observed that pinealocyte cells were localized in the lumen part of the pineal vesicle. It was determined that plasma melatonin level increased in fish passing from lake to stream (P <0.05). As a result, with this study, the anatomical and histological structure of the Van fish pineal gland and the melatonin levels in the reproductive period were determined for the first time. Keywords: Histology, Immunohistochemistry, Lake Van, Pineal gland, Van Fish
The pineal gland and the melatonin hormone secreted from it are functional on determination of the biological clock and adaptation to seasonal changes, glucose balance, nutrition and locomotor activities. Van fish Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814) is an endemic carp species living in Lake Van. During the fish breeding migration, they migrate collectively to fresh water to lay their eggs. In this study, the Van fish pineal gland was examined anatomically, histologically and immunohistochemically. During the breeding migration, the melatonin level secreted from the pineal gland was determined in the fish plasma sampled from both lakes and streams. The pineal gland is located under the pineal window, which does not contain much pigment cells in the head of the fish, as in other teleost fish. The gland consists of pineal vesicles and pineal stalk parts on the dorsal sac in Van fish. Pineal gland is a gland with dense vascularization. The presence of pinealocytes and different types of cells in the pineal organ was determined by different histological and immunohistochemical markings. It was observed that pinealocyte cells were localized in the lumen part of the pineal vesicle. It was determined that plasma melatonin level increased in fish passing from lake to stream (P <0.05). As a result, with this study, the anatomical and histological structure of the Van fish pineal gland and the melatonin levels in the reproductive period were determined for the first time. Keywords: Histology, Immunohistochemistry, Lake Van, Pineal gland, Van Fish
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Biyoloji, Van Gölü, Biology, Van Lake
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