Investigation of the Effect of Prenatally Exposed Diclofenac Sodium on the Postnatal Rat Heart Tissue Using Histological and Stereological Methods.
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2011
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Diklofenak sodyum steroit olmayan anti-inflamatuar bir ilaçtır. Bu tip ilaçların plasenta bariyerini geçip fetusu etkileyebildiğinden gebelik esnasında kullanımı hem insan hem de hayvan embriyosunda gelişme bozuklularına yol açtığı bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızın amacı prenatal olarak uygulanan diklofenak sodyum 20 haftalık erişkin kalp morfometrisi üzerine etkilerini stereolojik yöntemler kullanarak araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın başında gebe bırakılan sıçanlar sham, kontrol ve denek grubu olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldılar. Gebeliğin 5. gününden 20. gününe kadar her gün denek grubu sıçanlara diklofenak sodyum (1cc; 1mg/kg), Sham grubu sıçanlara ise serum fizyolojik (1cc; 1mg/kg) enjekte edildi. Fakat kontrol grubuna ise hiçbir madde enjekte edilmedi. Doğan bireyler postnatal 20. haftasında derin anestezi altında sakrifiye edildiler (erkek 18, dişi 18 adet). Doku örnekleri her gruptan 6 adet olmak üzere tüm bireylerden perfuzyon fiksasyon ile elde edildi. Erkek ve dişiler ayrı ayrı kendi aralarında değerlendirildi. Rutin histolojik prosedürden sonra parafin kesitleri hematoksilen-eozin ile boyandı ve stereoloji çalışma istasyonunda analizleri yapıldı. Her bireyin toplam kardiyak ventrikül hacmi Cavalieri metodu ile ölçüldü. Çalışma sonunda hem erkekler, hem de dişilerde diklofenak sodyum grubu ile kontrol gruplarının kalp ventrikül hacimleri arasında farklılık tespit edildi. Denek grubunun kalp ventrikül toplam hacmi belirgin bir şekilde azalmıştı (P<0.05). Sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında prenatal 1mg/kg doz uygulanan diklofenak sodyum kalp gelişmesini etkilediği gözlendi.Anahtar kelimeler: Diklofenak sodyum, kalp, gebelik, sıçan, stereoloji.
Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Since non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cross the placental barrier and affects the fetus, during pregnancy consumption of this drug causes developmental malformation both human and animal embryos. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of prenatally applied diclofenac sodium on the morphometry of the 20 week adult heart by stereological methods. At the beginning of the experiment all pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups as control, pure control and drug treated. The rats of the drug treated group were injected with DS (1cc; 1mg/kg) per day, the rats of the control group received physiological serum (1cc SF) per day from the 5th to the 20 th day of pregnancy. But the rats of the pure control group weren?t injected with DS or SF. At the postnatal 20 th week all offspring (18 males, 18 females) were sacrificed under deep anesthesia. Tissue samples were obtained by perfusion fixation from offspring. Females and males offspring rats were evaluated one by one. After routine histological procedures, paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylen-eosin and examined by stereology work station.The cardiac ventricle wall volume of each offspring rat was estimated with Cavalieri?s principle. At the end of the study, it was found significant difference between DS-treated groups? cardiac ventricle wall volumes and their controls both females and males. Each experimental groups? cardiac ventricle total volume was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In view of these results it was observed that prenatally applied (1mg/kg) diclofenac sodium had a side effect on the heart development.Key words: Diclofenac sodium, heart, pregnancy, rat, stereology
Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Since non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cross the placental barrier and affects the fetus, during pregnancy consumption of this drug causes developmental malformation both human and animal embryos. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of prenatally applied diclofenac sodium on the morphometry of the 20 week adult heart by stereological methods. At the beginning of the experiment all pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups as control, pure control and drug treated. The rats of the drug treated group were injected with DS (1cc; 1mg/kg) per day, the rats of the control group received physiological serum (1cc SF) per day from the 5th to the 20 th day of pregnancy. But the rats of the pure control group weren?t injected with DS or SF. At the postnatal 20 th week all offspring (18 males, 18 females) were sacrificed under deep anesthesia. Tissue samples were obtained by perfusion fixation from offspring. Females and males offspring rats were evaluated one by one. After routine histological procedures, paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylen-eosin and examined by stereology work station.The cardiac ventricle wall volume of each offspring rat was estimated with Cavalieri?s principle. At the end of the study, it was found significant difference between DS-treated groups? cardiac ventricle wall volumes and their controls both females and males. Each experimental groups? cardiac ventricle total volume was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In view of these results it was observed that prenatally applied (1mg/kg) diclofenac sodium had a side effect on the heart development.Key words: Diclofenac sodium, heart, pregnancy, rat, stereology
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Histoloji ve Embriyoloji, Diklofenak, Gebelik, Kalp, Stereoloji, Sıçanlar, Histology and Embryology, Diclofenac, Pregnancy, Heart, Stereology, Rats
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98