Investigation of the Effect of 8 Weeks Plyometric Exercises on Shooting Accuracy and Balance in Basketball in 14-16 Years Old Adolescent Female Basketball Players
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2024
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Bu çalışmanın amacı; 14-16 yaş ergen kadın basketbolcularda 8 haftalık pliometrik egzersizlerinin basketbolda şut isabeti ve denge üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya Van ilinde bulunan U-14 ve U-16 kategorisinde en az 2 yıldır basketbol oynayan 14-16 yaş grubu toplam 25 gönüllü sporcu katılmıştır. Sporcularımızdan biri çeşitli sebeplerden bu çalışmaya katılamayıp 24 sporcu ile çalışma devam ettirilmiştir. Bu sporcular 12 deney grubu 12 kontrol grubu olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmışlardır. Deney grubuna teknik-taktik antrenmanlara ek olarak 8 hafta süre ile haftada 4 gün pliometrik antrenman programı uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubuna ise sadece teknik-taktik antrenman programı uygulandı. Deney ve kontrol grubuna antrenman programlarına başlamadan önce ön test ölçümleri yapıldı. 8 haftalık antrenman programı sonrasında son test ölçümleri yapılarak deney ve kontrol grupları arasında ilk ve son test karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Verilerin istatiksel analizi SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapıldı. Araştırma problem durumunu test etmek amacıyla oluşturulan veriler herhangi bir müdahalede bulunulmadan ilgili analiz programına aktarılmıştır. Veri setinin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediği ilgili değerler incelenerek araştırılmış Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, değişkenlerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu, görsel (Histogram ve olasılık grafikleri) ve analitik yöntemlerle incelenmiştir. Bazı parametrelerin literatürün belirttiği değerler eşliğinde normal dağıldığı varsayılsa da yine ilgili literatürün örneklem büyüklüğü baz alınarak görsel grafiklerin incelenmesi önerisi doğrultusunda veri setinin normal dağılmadığına kanaat getirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda araştırma hipotezleri test etmek için deney ve kontrol grubu arasındaki faklılıkların tespiti için Mann Whitney U Testi iki grubun da ön test ve son test sonuçlarını değerlendirmek için ise Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubunun, araştırma kapsamında incelenen parametrelerindeki değişimlerin sonuçlarına göre turnike puanı (Z: -2.332 p: .020) ve toplam şut puanı (Z: -2.066 p: .039) parametrelerinde son test verileri lehine anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Deney grubunun ise ön test ve son test verilerinin incelenme sonuçlarına göre grubun son test verileri lehine şut puanı (Z: -2.625 p: .009), turnike puanı (Z: -2.388 p: .017), toplam şut puanı (Z: -2.949 p: .003) ve Mediumequilibrium Center (ML) (Z: -2.472 p: .013) parametrelerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının ön test sonuçlarında istatistiki olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilemezken bazı parametrelerin (Şut puanı, Toplam şut puanı, Perimeter Lenght, Area Gap Percentage, Medium Speed) son test sonuçlarında deney grubu lehine istatistiki açıdan anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir (p<.05). Sonuç olarak; uygun şekilde düzenlenen ve uygulanan pliometrik antrenmanların, basketbolun gereksinimlerine ve antrenman hedeflerine uygun olarak sporcuların performans bileşenlerinde anlamlı gelişmelere yardımcı olacağı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, basketbol sporcularının antrenman programlarına bu tür çalışmaların dahil edilmesinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an 8-week plyometric exercise program on shooting accuracy and balance in female basketball players aged 14-16. A total of 25 voluntary athletes, who had been playing basketball for at least 2 years, participated in the study, which was conducted in Van, Turkey, within the U-14 and U-16 categories. One athlete was unable to participate due to various reasons, resulting in a total of 24 participants. The athletes were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 12 members. In addition to technical-tactical training, the experimental group underwent a plyometric training program four days a week for eight weeks. The control group only received the technical-tactical training program. Pre-test measurements were conducted before the start of the training programs for both groups. Post-test measurements were taken after the 8-week training program, and comparisons were made between the initial and final test results of both groups. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the SPSS 23.0 software. The data was transferred to the relevant analysis program without any intervention to test the research problem. The normality of the data set was assessed through visual (histograms and probability plots) and analytical methods (Skewness/Kurtosis test results and Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Shapiro-Wilk test results). Although some parameters were assumed to be normally distributed in accordance with the literature , the analysis of visual graphs suggested, based on sample size considerations from the relevant literature that the data set was not normally distributed. Consequently, to test the research hypotheses, the Mann-Whitney U Test was applied to identify differences between the experimental and control groups, while the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was used to evaluate the pre-test and post-test results of both groups. According to the results regarding changes in the parameters examined in the control group, significant differences were found in the final test data for the turnover score (Z: -2.332, p: .020) and total shooting score (Z: -2.066, p: .039). In the experimental group, significant statistical differences were identified in the final test data for shooting score (Z: -2.625, p: .009), turnover score (Z: -2.388, p: .017), total shooting score (Z: -2.949, p: .003), and Medium Equilibrium Center (ML) (Z: -2.472, p: .013) when comparing pre-test and post-test results. No statistically significant differences were found in the pre-test results between the experimental and control groups; however, statistically significant differences favoring the experimental group were observed in some parameters (shooting score, total shooting score, perimeter length, area gap percentage, medium speed) in the post-test results (p < .05). In conclusion, appropriately designed and implemented plyometric training programs are observed to contribute significantly to the development of performance components in athletes, aligning with the requirements and training objectives of basketball. Therefore, it is suggested that incorporating such training methods into the training programs of basketball players would be beneficial.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an 8-week plyometric exercise program on shooting accuracy and balance in female basketball players aged 14-16. A total of 25 voluntary athletes, who had been playing basketball for at least 2 years, participated in the study, which was conducted in Van, Turkey, within the U-14 and U-16 categories. One athlete was unable to participate due to various reasons, resulting in a total of 24 participants. The athletes were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 12 members. In addition to technical-tactical training, the experimental group underwent a plyometric training program four days a week for eight weeks. The control group only received the technical-tactical training program. Pre-test measurements were conducted before the start of the training programs for both groups. Post-test measurements were taken after the 8-week training program, and comparisons were made between the initial and final test results of both groups. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the SPSS 23.0 software. The data was transferred to the relevant analysis program without any intervention to test the research problem. The normality of the data set was assessed through visual (histograms and probability plots) and analytical methods (Skewness/Kurtosis test results and Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Shapiro-Wilk test results). Although some parameters were assumed to be normally distributed in accordance with the literature , the analysis of visual graphs suggested, based on sample size considerations from the relevant literature that the data set was not normally distributed. Consequently, to test the research hypotheses, the Mann-Whitney U Test was applied to identify differences between the experimental and control groups, while the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was used to evaluate the pre-test and post-test results of both groups. According to the results regarding changes in the parameters examined in the control group, significant differences were found in the final test data for the turnover score (Z: -2.332, p: .020) and total shooting score (Z: -2.066, p: .039). In the experimental group, significant statistical differences were identified in the final test data for shooting score (Z: -2.625, p: .009), turnover score (Z: -2.388, p: .017), total shooting score (Z: -2.949, p: .003), and Medium Equilibrium Center (ML) (Z: -2.472, p: .013) when comparing pre-test and post-test results. No statistically significant differences were found in the pre-test results between the experimental and control groups; however, statistically significant differences favoring the experimental group were observed in some parameters (shooting score, total shooting score, perimeter length, area gap percentage, medium speed) in the post-test results (p < .05). In conclusion, appropriately designed and implemented plyometric training programs are observed to contribute significantly to the development of performance components in athletes, aligning with the requirements and training objectives of basketball. Therefore, it is suggested that incorporating such training methods into the training programs of basketball players would be beneficial.
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Spor, Sports
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