Distribution of Infection Agents and Antibiotic Resistance Rates in the Newborn Unit
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2023
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Çalışmamızda Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesindeki enfeksiyon etkenleri ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinden alınan kültür örneklerinden elde edilen mikroorganizmaların antibiyotiklere karşı direnç/duyarlılık oranlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.2018-2022 yılları arasında Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde takip edilen hasta verilerinin retrospektif olarak laboratuvar bilgi sisteminin taranmasıyla yürütülmüştür. Enfeksiyon şüphesi nedeniyle 2277 hastadan toplam 4398 örnek incelemeye alınmıştır. Aynı örnekte aynı etkenin izole edildiği durumda hastanın ilk üremesi dikkate alınmıştır. Buna göre 4277 örnek üzerinden değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Kültür örneği gönderilen toplam 2277 hastanın 1301'i (%57.1) erkek, 976'sı (%42.9) ise kızlardan oluşmaktadır. Laboratuvara 3091 kan, 635 idrar, 206 BOS, 145 kateter, 114 yara ve 86 diğer klinik örnekler gönderilmiştir. Laboratuvarda işleme alınan örnek türlerinin %98'ini oluşturan Kan, İdrar, BOS, Katater ve Yara örneklerinde üreme oranları sırasıyla %19.9, %18.4, %12.1, %50.4 ve %43 olarak bulunmuştur. Laboratuvarda işleme alınan toplam 4277 örnekte 905 adet (%21.2) üreme saptanmıştır. En sık izole edilen mikroorganizmaların; KNS (%40.3), Klebsiella spp. (%19.9), Diğer Gram Negatif türler (%8.9), Enterococcus spp. (%6.9), Acinetobacter spp. (%6.7), E. coli (%6.2), S. aureus (%4.9) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gram pozitif bakterilerin en duyarlı olduğu antibiyotikler, linezolid, vancomycin ve teicoplanin olduğu; Gram negatif bakterilerin en duyarlı olduğu antibiyotiklerin ise imipenem, meropenem, amikasin, siprofloksasin ve trimetoprim-sülfometoksazol olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Acinetobacter suşlarında direç oranları %74'ün üzerine olup en duyarlı antibiyotiğin trimetoprim-sülfometoksazol olduğu görülmüştür. Pseudomonas suşlarının en duyarlı olduğu antibiyotiklerin netilmisin, siprofloksasin ve seftazidim olduğu bulunmuştur. Candidalarda Amfoterisin B en etkili antifungal olarak bulunmuştur.Çalışmamızda da görüldüğü gibi tanımlanan mikroorganizmalar arasında antibiyotik direnç oranının çok yüksek oranlarda olması büyük bir sorun haline gelmektedir. Tedaviler planlanırken antibiyotik dirençlilik/duyarlılık durumları göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bunun için antibiyotik direncinin izlendiği ve araştırıldığı benzer çalışmalar daha sık yapılması önem taşımaktadır. Anahtar sözcükler: Antibiyotik direnci, bakteri, enfeksiyon, yenidoğan.
Toktamış K. Investigation of the distribution of infectious agents and antibiotic resistance rates in the neonatal unit, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Master Thesis 2023. In our study, it was aimed to determine the infectious agents in the neonatal intensive care unit of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabaş Medical Center and the resistance/sensitivity rates of microorganisms obtained from culture samples taken from the neonatal intensive care units to antibiotics.It was conducted by retrospectively scanning the laboratory information system of patient data followed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabaş Medical Center between 2018 and 2022. A total of 4398 samples from 2277 patients were examined due to suspicion of infection. In cases where the same agent was isolated in the same sample, the patient's first reproduction was taken into account. Accordingly, evaluation was made on 4277 samples. Of the total 2277 patients to whom culture samples were sent, 1301 (57.1%) were boys and 976 (42.9%) were girls. 3091 blood, 635 urine, 206 CSF, 145 catheters, 114 wound and 86 other clinical samples were sent to the laboratory. Reproduction rates in Blood, Urine, CSF, Catheter and Wound samples, which constitute 98% of the sample types processed in the laboratory, were found to be 19.9%, 18.4%, 12.1%, 50.4% and 43%, respectively. A total of 905 (21.2%) growths were detected in 4277 samples processed in the laboratory. The most frequently isolated microorganisms are; CNS (40.3%), Klebsiella spp. (19.9%), Other Gram Negative species (8.9%), Enterococcus spp. (6.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (6.7%), E. coli (6.2%), S. aureus (4.9%). The antibiotics to which gram-positive bacteria are most sensitive are linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin; It has been determined that the antibiotics to which gram-negative bacteria are most sensitive are imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole. Resistance rates in Acinetobacter strains were over 74% and the most sensitive antibiotic was found to be trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole. It was found that the antibiotics to which Pseudomonas strains were most sensitive were netilmicin, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Amphotericin B was found to be the most effective antifungal against Candida. As seen in our study, the very high rate of antibiotic resistance among the identified microorganisms becomes a major problem. Antibiotic resistance/sensitivity situations should be taken into consideration when planning treatments. For this reason, it is important to conduct similar studies where antibiotic resistance is monitored and investigated more frequently. Key words: Antibiotic resistance, newborn, bacteria, infection
Toktamış K. Investigation of the distribution of infectious agents and antibiotic resistance rates in the neonatal unit, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Master Thesis 2023. In our study, it was aimed to determine the infectious agents in the neonatal intensive care unit of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabaş Medical Center and the resistance/sensitivity rates of microorganisms obtained from culture samples taken from the neonatal intensive care units to antibiotics.It was conducted by retrospectively scanning the laboratory information system of patient data followed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabaş Medical Center between 2018 and 2022. A total of 4398 samples from 2277 patients were examined due to suspicion of infection. In cases where the same agent was isolated in the same sample, the patient's first reproduction was taken into account. Accordingly, evaluation was made on 4277 samples. Of the total 2277 patients to whom culture samples were sent, 1301 (57.1%) were boys and 976 (42.9%) were girls. 3091 blood, 635 urine, 206 CSF, 145 catheters, 114 wound and 86 other clinical samples were sent to the laboratory. Reproduction rates in Blood, Urine, CSF, Catheter and Wound samples, which constitute 98% of the sample types processed in the laboratory, were found to be 19.9%, 18.4%, 12.1%, 50.4% and 43%, respectively. A total of 905 (21.2%) growths were detected in 4277 samples processed in the laboratory. The most frequently isolated microorganisms are; CNS (40.3%), Klebsiella spp. (19.9%), Other Gram Negative species (8.9%), Enterococcus spp. (6.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (6.7%), E. coli (6.2%), S. aureus (4.9%). The antibiotics to which gram-positive bacteria are most sensitive are linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin; It has been determined that the antibiotics to which gram-negative bacteria are most sensitive are imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole. Resistance rates in Acinetobacter strains were over 74% and the most sensitive antibiotic was found to be trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole. It was found that the antibiotics to which Pseudomonas strains were most sensitive were netilmicin, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Amphotericin B was found to be the most effective antifungal against Candida. As seen in our study, the very high rate of antibiotic resistance among the identified microorganisms becomes a major problem. Antibiotic resistance/sensitivity situations should be taken into consideration when planning treatments. For this reason, it is important to conduct similar studies where antibiotic resistance is monitored and investigated more frequently. Key words: Antibiotic resistance, newborn, bacteria, infection
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Mikrobiyoloji, Microbiology
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43