Determination of the Antioxidant Activity of Rhabdosciadium Anatoly Plant and It's Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid in Rats That Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Stress
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ülkemizin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde yetişen, endemik bir bitki olan R.anatolyi bitki çiçeğinin antioksidan, antiradikal aktivitesini, C vitamini, mineral (Mg, Ca, K, P, Na) ve iz element (Mn, Zn, Sr, Cu, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Pb, Mo, Tl, Sn, Cd, As) düzeylerini belirlemek ve aynı zamanda siklofosfamid (CP) ile oksidatif stres oluşturulan ratlarda R.anatolyi bitki çiçeği etanol ekstraktı ile klorojenik asidin koruyucu etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında mineral ve iz element analizleri AAS ve ICP-OES ile C vitamini, R. anatolyi bitki çiçeği metanol ekstraktının toplam fenol, flavonoid ve antioksidan kapasitesi, hidrojen peroksit giderme aktivitesi, DPPH, süperoksit, hidroksil, ABTS ve eritrositlerin fenilhidrazin ile hemoliz oluşumu sonucu R.anatolyi bitki çiçeğinin radikal süpürücü aktivitesi spektrofotometrik olarak tespit edildi. Deneysel aşamada 48 adet Wistar albino dişi rat kullanılarak 6 grup oluşturuldu. Gruplar kontrol grubu % 0,9 NaCI, 200 mg kg-1 siklofosfamid (CP) grubu, 100 mg kg-1 klorojenik asit (CA) grubu, 300 mg kg-1 R.anatolyi (RA) grubu, 200 mg kg-1 CP + 300 mg kg-1 RA grubu ve 200 mg kg-1 CP + 100 mg kg-1 CA grubu şeklindedir. Deneysel aşama 7 gün sürdürüldü ve bu süre zarfında bitki ekstraktı ve klorojenik asit dozları ratların canlı ağırlıklarına göre gavaj yoluyla verildi. Oksidatif stres (200 mg kg-1, intraperitonal) siklofosfamid (CP) ile sağlandı. Ratların karaciğer ve böbrek doku örneklerinde antioksidan özelliğin bir göstergesi olarak değerlendirilen CAT, SOD, GSH-Px spesifik enzimler ile GSH, MDA, PCO, TSA ve LSA parametreleri spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Ayrıca serumda mineral (Ca, Mg, K, P, Na) ve iz element (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) düzeyleri ile karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal parametreler de değerlendirildi. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ratların karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında CAT, SOD ve GSH-Px spesifik enzimlerde 200 mg kg-1 CP uygulanan grubun kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel açıdan (p<0.05) önemli azalma tespit edildi. Karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında MDA ve PCO düzeylerinde istatistiksel yönünden (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001) önemli artış gözlenirken, GSH seviyelerinde ise 200 mg kg-1 CP uygulanan grubun diğer gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001) önemli bir azalma tespit edildi. Hem karaciğer hem de böbrek dokularında TAS ve LSA değerlerine bakıldığında 200 mg kg-1 CP uygulanan grubun kontrol grubu, 100 mg kg-1 CA uygulanan grup ve 300 mg kg-1 RA uygulanan grup arasında istatistiksel olarak (p<0.001) önemli artış bulundu. Serum mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na) ve iz elementlerin (Co, Cu, Fe, Se, V, Zn) istatistiksel analiz sonucunda kontrol grubu ile 200 mg kg-1 CP uygulanan grup arasında istatistiksel açıdan (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001) önemli azalmalar tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak R.anatolyi bitki çiçeğinin içeriğinde mineral, iz element, C vitamini, toplam fenol ve flavonoid düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, bitki çiçeği metanol ekstraktının serbest radikalleri inhibe etmede etkili olduğu belirlendi. Histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal bulgu sonuçlarının biyokimyasal parametreler olan GSH-Px, SOD CAT, MDA, GSH, PCO, TSA ve LSA düzeyleri ile uyumlu olduğu belirlendi. Karaciğer ve böbrek histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal incelemelerinde 300 mg kg-1 R. anatolyi bitki çiçeği ekstraktı dozunun 100 mg kg-1 klorojenik asit uygulanan grubun dozuna göre daha belirgin bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve bu pozitif etkisi nedeniyle R. anatolyi bitki çiçeğinin koruyucu olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmamız kapsamında değerlendirdiğimiz biyokimyasal, histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal parametre sonuçları literatüre öncül bir çalışma olarak sunulmuştur.
This study aimed at investigating the determination of antioxidant, antiradical activity, vitamin C, mineral (Mg, Ca, K, P, Na) and trace element (Mn, Zn, Sr, Cu, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Pb, Mo, Tl, Sn, Cd, As) levels of R. anatolyi plant flower, which is an endemic plant grown in the Eastern Anatolia Region of our country, Also, investigate the protective effects of R. anatolyi plant flower ethanol extract and chlorogenic acid in rats that generate oxidative stress with cyclophosphamide (CP). The scope of the studied mineral and trace element analysis AAS and ICP-OES, vitamin C, R.anatolyi plant flower methanol extract total phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl, ABTS, and radical scavenging in the phenylhydrazine induced hemolysis of erythrocytes activity of R.anatolyi plant flower was determined spectrophotometrically. At the experimental stage using 48 Wistar albino female rats 6 groups were assigned. Groups control group shaped % 0,9 NaCI, 200 mg kg-1 cyclophosphamide (CP) group, 100 mg kg-1 chlorogenic acid (CA) group, 300 mg kg-1 R. anatolyi (RA) group, 200 mg kg-1 CP + 300 mg kg-1 RA group and 200 mg kg-1 CP + 100 mg kg-1 CA group. The experimental stage was continued for 7 days and during this time plant extract and chlorogenic acid doses were given by gavages according to body weights of the rats. Oxidative stress (200 mg kg-1, intraperitoneal) provided with cyclophosphamide (CP). Rat's liver and kidney tissue samples were evaluated as an indicator of antioxidant properties CAT, SOD, GSH-Px specific enzymes and GSH, MDA, PCO, TSA, and LSA parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. Also in serum mineral (Ca, Mg, K, P, Na) and trace element (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) levels in liver and kidney tissue were evaluated as histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. According to the results obtained in the liver and kidney tissues of rats 200 mg kg-1 CP administration in CAT, SOD and GSH-Px specific enzymes 200 mg kg-1 CP there was a statistically significant decreased (p <0.05) in the group applied compared to the control group. In the liver and kidney tissues MDA and PCO levels statistically significant increase (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) observed, At GSH levels 200 mg kg-1 CP was among other groups applied statistically a significant reduction (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) was detected. In both liver and kidney tissues TAS and LSA values considering the control group of 200 mg kg-1 CP applied group, between the group receiving 100 mg kg-1 CA and the group receiving 300 mg kg-1 RA statistically (p <0.001) significant increase was found. As a result of statistical analysis of serum mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na) and trace elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Se, V, Zn) between the control group and the group receiving 200 mg kg-1 CP statistically decrease significant (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) were detected. As a result, the mineral, trace element, vitamin C, total phenol and flavonoid levels of R.anatolyi plant flower are high, the plant flower methanol extract was found to be effective in inhibiting free radicals. The results of histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were determined to be compatible with the biochemical parameters GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, MDA, GSH, PCO, TSA, and LSA levels. In liver and kidney histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, 300 mg kg-1 R. anatolyi plant flower extract dose has a more pronounced effect compared to the dose of 100 mg kg-1 chlorogenic acid and this positive effect due to R. anatolyi plant flower is thought to be protective. Moreover, as a result of biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical parameters in our study, it has been presented as a preliminary study of the literature.
This study aimed at investigating the determination of antioxidant, antiradical activity, vitamin C, mineral (Mg, Ca, K, P, Na) and trace element (Mn, Zn, Sr, Cu, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Pb, Mo, Tl, Sn, Cd, As) levels of R. anatolyi plant flower, which is an endemic plant grown in the Eastern Anatolia Region of our country, Also, investigate the protective effects of R. anatolyi plant flower ethanol extract and chlorogenic acid in rats that generate oxidative stress with cyclophosphamide (CP). The scope of the studied mineral and trace element analysis AAS and ICP-OES, vitamin C, R.anatolyi plant flower methanol extract total phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl, ABTS, and radical scavenging in the phenylhydrazine induced hemolysis of erythrocytes activity of R.anatolyi plant flower was determined spectrophotometrically. At the experimental stage using 48 Wistar albino female rats 6 groups were assigned. Groups control group shaped % 0,9 NaCI, 200 mg kg-1 cyclophosphamide (CP) group, 100 mg kg-1 chlorogenic acid (CA) group, 300 mg kg-1 R. anatolyi (RA) group, 200 mg kg-1 CP + 300 mg kg-1 RA group and 200 mg kg-1 CP + 100 mg kg-1 CA group. The experimental stage was continued for 7 days and during this time plant extract and chlorogenic acid doses were given by gavages according to body weights of the rats. Oxidative stress (200 mg kg-1, intraperitoneal) provided with cyclophosphamide (CP). Rat's liver and kidney tissue samples were evaluated as an indicator of antioxidant properties CAT, SOD, GSH-Px specific enzymes and GSH, MDA, PCO, TSA, and LSA parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. Also in serum mineral (Ca, Mg, K, P, Na) and trace element (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) levels in liver and kidney tissue were evaluated as histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. According to the results obtained in the liver and kidney tissues of rats 200 mg kg-1 CP administration in CAT, SOD and GSH-Px specific enzymes 200 mg kg-1 CP there was a statistically significant decreased (p <0.05) in the group applied compared to the control group. In the liver and kidney tissues MDA and PCO levels statistically significant increase (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) observed, At GSH levels 200 mg kg-1 CP was among other groups applied statistically a significant reduction (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) was detected. In both liver and kidney tissues TAS and LSA values considering the control group of 200 mg kg-1 CP applied group, between the group receiving 100 mg kg-1 CA and the group receiving 300 mg kg-1 RA statistically (p <0.001) significant increase was found. As a result of statistical analysis of serum mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na) and trace elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Se, V, Zn) between the control group and the group receiving 200 mg kg-1 CP statistically decrease significant (p <0.05, p <0.01, p <0.001) were detected. As a result, the mineral, trace element, vitamin C, total phenol and flavonoid levels of R.anatolyi plant flower are high, the plant flower methanol extract was found to be effective in inhibiting free radicals. The results of histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were determined to be compatible with the biochemical parameters GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, MDA, GSH, PCO, TSA, and LSA levels. In liver and kidney histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, 300 mg kg-1 R. anatolyi plant flower extract dose has a more pronounced effect compared to the dose of 100 mg kg-1 chlorogenic acid and this positive effect due to R. anatolyi plant flower is thought to be protective. Moreover, as a result of biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical parameters in our study, it has been presented as a preliminary study of the literature.
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Biyokimya, Biochemistry
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