Determination of the Polyphenolic Contents in Some Cereals and Legume Microgreens by Dualex Measurements

Abstract

This research aims to measure the nitrogen balance index (NBI) used in the evaluation of nitrogen (N) and chlorophyll (CHL), anthocyanin (ANTS), and flavonol (FLAV) contents of some cereal and legume microgreens. The experiment was established in the Fully Controlled Climate Room of Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops in October-November 2020. The plant materials used in the research were Bezostaja-1, Dogu-88, Palandoken and Ayyildiz wheat, Tarm-92, Cetin-2000, Larende and Kral-97 barley, Haskara, Dirilis, Kirklar, Kahraman and Faikbey oats, Arifiye maize, Uzbek and Sazak lentils. Arda chickpea, Goynuk bean, Mung bean, black chickpea, Amazon cowpea, Lutfibey sainfoin, Bilensoy-80 alfalfa, and Dadas red clover including 14 cereal and 10 legume varieties. The seeds planted in the planting medium consisting of the mixture prepared in plastic chalets with a olüme of 500 cc were taken to a fully controlled climate room and microgreens were obtained by applying 50-60% humidity, 21 ± 2/17 ± 2 °C and 16/8 light/dark period, and microgreens were obtained in cereals and legumes. Polyphenolic measurements were taken when the microgreens were 7-9 days old and when sprouts of the forage legumes group were 20-21 days old. Measurements were performed in triplicate with the Dualex+ 4 Scientific (FORCE-A, Orsay, France) device. Statistical analysis of the measurements was carried out according to the Randomized Parcels Trial Design. According to the measurement results, the highest contents based on varieties were determined in Lutfibey sainfoin for NBI (106.533±10.68 mg/g), for CHL in Arda chickpea (41.3 ±2.63 µg/cm²), for ANTS in Dadas red clover (0.08 ±0.01 dualex index) and FLAV in Amazon cowpea (0.746 ±0.03 dualex index). According to group-based averages, the highest values were determined for NBI in forage legumes (86.844 mg/g), for CHL in barley (31.14 µg/cm²) and oats, edible cereal legumes and forage legumes in the same group, for ANTS in forage legumes (0.053 dualex index) and wheat and oats in the same group, for FLAV in edible cereal legumes (0.56 dualex index) and oat in the same group. The study concluded that cereal and legume microgreens have polyphenolic-rich contents. Similar research to be carried out under controlled and field conditions would be useful in evaluating bioactive ingredients and N.