Detection of Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (amf) by Classic and Molecular Methods From the Onion (allium Cepa L.) Plants in Erbil and It's Districts
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2021
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Doğadaki en yaygın simbiontlardan biri olan Arbusküler Mikorhizal Funguslar (AMF) gerek bitki gelişimini ve gerekse hastalıklara dayanıklılığı artırma açısından oldukça önemli rollere sahiptirler. AM fungusları toprak kalitesini belirleyen en önemli faktörlerden biri olmaları dolayısıyla da en etkili rizosfer komponenetleri arasında bulunmaktadırlar. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmaların bir kısmı bu rizosfer elemanlarının moleküler tekniklerle (PCR'a dayalı teknikler) teşhisine ve konukçu bitki-simbiont ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Erbil ve çevresinde bulunan soğan ekim alanlarında AMF'nin tespit edilmesi, kolonizasyon oranlarının ortaya konması, klasik ve nested-PCR'a dayalı moleküler yöntemlerle de tür tespitlerinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Fungal simbiontları elde etmek amacıyla soğan bitkilerinin yoğunlukta yetiştirildiği toplam 13 lokasyonda 100 adet soğan bitkisine ait rizosfer bölgesinden toprak örneği alınmıştır. Bu bitkilerin de yaklaşık %62'sinin AMF tarafından değişen oranlarda (%5.7 – %67.8) kolonize olduğu ve simbiyotik yaşam ilişkisi kurabildiği tespit edilmiştir. AMF'lerin tür teşhisleri klasik yöntem ve Nested-PCR yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Klasik yöntem sonucunda AMF'larının genel olarak Glomeraceae familyasına ait oldukları belirlenmiştir. Arbusküler mikorhizal fungusların moleküler tür teşhisleri Nested-PCR yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Söz konusu yöntemde Madu 1 ve Mada 4 bitki örneklerinde moleküler olarak AMF Rhizophagus irregularis türü tespit edilmiştir.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), one of the most common symbionts in nature, have very important roles in increasing plant growth and resistance to diseases. AM fungi are among the most effective rhizosphere components, as they are one of the most important factors determining soil quality. Some of the studies conducted in recent years have focused on the identification of these rhizosphere elements with molecular techniques (PCR-based techniques) and the host plant-symbiont relationship. In this study, it was aimed to detect AMF in the onion cultivation areas in and around Erbil, to reveal the colonization rates, and to determine the species by molecular methods based on classical and nested-PCR. In order to obtain fungal symbionts, soil samples were taken from the rhizosphere of 100 onion plants in 13 locations where onion plants are grown intensively. It has been determined that approximately 62% of these plants are colonized by AMF at varying rates (5.7% - 67.8%) and can establish a symbiotic relationship. Species identification of AMFs were made using the classical method and the Nested-PCR method. As a result of the classical method, it was determined that AMFs generally belong to the Glomeraceae family. Molecular species identifications of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were made using the Nested-PCR method. Molecular species identifications of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were made using the Nested-PCR method. In the aforementioned method, AMF Rhizophagus irregularis species was detected molecularly in Madu 1 and Mada 4 plant samples.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), one of the most common symbionts in nature, have very important roles in increasing plant growth and resistance to diseases. AM fungi are among the most effective rhizosphere components, as they are one of the most important factors determining soil quality. Some of the studies conducted in recent years have focused on the identification of these rhizosphere elements with molecular techniques (PCR-based techniques) and the host plant-symbiont relationship. In this study, it was aimed to detect AMF in the onion cultivation areas in and around Erbil, to reveal the colonization rates, and to determine the species by molecular methods based on classical and nested-PCR. In order to obtain fungal symbionts, soil samples were taken from the rhizosphere of 100 onion plants in 13 locations where onion plants are grown intensively. It has been determined that approximately 62% of these plants are colonized by AMF at varying rates (5.7% - 67.8%) and can establish a symbiotic relationship. Species identification of AMFs were made using the classical method and the Nested-PCR method. As a result of the classical method, it was determined that AMFs generally belong to the Glomeraceae family. Molecular species identifications of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were made using the Nested-PCR method. Molecular species identifications of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were made using the Nested-PCR method. In the aforementioned method, AMF Rhizophagus irregularis species was detected molecularly in Madu 1 and Mada 4 plant samples.
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Ziraat, Agriculture
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92