In Vitro Modeling of Physiological and Biochemical Response To Ultraviolet Stress in Grapevine
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2022
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Bu çalışma, asmaların Ultraviyole B (UV-B) stresine karşı vermiş olduğu fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal yanıtların belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bitkisel materyal olarak üç bin yıllık geçmişi ile Van ve yöresinin otokton üzüm çeşidi Erciş ile 18. yüzyıldandan beri Fransa'nın Bordo bölgesinde yetiştirilen ve dünyanın en önemli kırmızı şaraplık üzüm çeşitlerinden biri olan Merlot üzüm çeşidi kullanılmıştır. In vitro çalışmalar için gerekli eksplantlar, her iki üzüm çeşidine ait odun çeliklerinin kontrollü koşullarda sürdürülmesiyle elde edilen sürgünlerden hazırlanmıştır. Tek boğumlu mikro çelik eksplantları 1 mg l-1 BAP içeren MS besin ortamında kültüre alınmıştır. Her biri bir bitki büyütme kabına şaşırtılmış 45 gün yaşlı en az 6 tam yapraklı bitkiciklere, düşük (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 16 saat ≅ 8.25 μW cm-2) ve yüksek (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 4 h ≅ 33 μW cm-2) UV-B ışını 40 cm yükseklikten polyester filtre ile kaplı steril bir kabin içerisinde uygulanmıştır. Kontrol bitkicikleri ise yalnızca 16 saat soğuk beyaz floresan lambalar altında inkübe edilmiştir. UV-B stresine karşı fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal yanıt olarak toplam klorofil, toplam karotenoid, toplam fenolik bileşik, toplam antioksidan, azot denge indeksi (ADİ), klorofil, flavonol, antosiyanin, lipid peroksidasyon düzeyi, antioksidan enzimler (katalaz, süperoksit dismutaz askorbat peroksidaz), melatonin ve trans-resveratrol içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda çeşitler arasında farklılıklar gözlenmekle birlikte, bünyelerindeki klorofil, karotenoid, toplam antioksidan, toplam fenolik bileşik, MDA düzeyi, SOD, CAT ve APX gibi antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri, ADİ, flavonol içerikleri değişirken, melatonin ve antosiyanin içeriklerinin değişmediği dikkati çekmiştir.
This study was conducted to determine the physiological and biochemical responses of vines to Ultraviolet B (UV-B) stress. 'Erciş' which is the autochthonous grape cultivar of Van and its region with a history of three thousand years, and 'Merlot' grape cultivar, which has been grown in the Bordeaux region of France since the 18th century and is one of the most important red wine grape cultivars in the world, were used as plant material. Explants required for in vitro studies were prepared from shoots obtained by maintaining wood cuttings of both grape cultivars under controlled conditions. Micro cuttings explants with single-nod were cultured in MS nutrient medium containing 1 mg l-1 BAP. 45 days-aged plantlets had at least 6 full leaves and staggered into a plant growth pot were exposed to low (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 16 h ≅ 8.25 μW cm-2) and high (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 4 h ≅ 33 μW cm-2) UV-B light from a height of 40 cm in a sterile cabinet covered with a polyester filter. Control plantlets were incubated under cold white fluorescent lamps for only 16 hours. Total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, total phenolic compound, total antioxidant, nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll, flavonol, anthocyanin, lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase) melatonin and trans-resveratrol contents were determined as physiological and biochemical response to UV-B stress. As a result of the study, statistically significant differences were observed among the cultivars. Significant changes were observed for chlorophyll, carotenoid, total antioxidant, total phenolic compound, MDA level, ADI, flavonol contents and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT and APX, while melatonin and anthocyanin contents not changing.
This study was conducted to determine the physiological and biochemical responses of vines to Ultraviolet B (UV-B) stress. 'Erciş' which is the autochthonous grape cultivar of Van and its region with a history of three thousand years, and 'Merlot' grape cultivar, which has been grown in the Bordeaux region of France since the 18th century and is one of the most important red wine grape cultivars in the world, were used as plant material. Explants required for in vitro studies were prepared from shoots obtained by maintaining wood cuttings of both grape cultivars under controlled conditions. Micro cuttings explants with single-nod were cultured in MS nutrient medium containing 1 mg l-1 BAP. 45 days-aged plantlets had at least 6 full leaves and staggered into a plant growth pot were exposed to low (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 16 h ≅ 8.25 μW cm-2) and high (311 nm Philips TL 20W/01, 4 h ≅ 33 μW cm-2) UV-B light from a height of 40 cm in a sterile cabinet covered with a polyester filter. Control plantlets were incubated under cold white fluorescent lamps for only 16 hours. Total chlorophyll, total carotenoid, total phenolic compound, total antioxidant, nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll, flavonol, anthocyanin, lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase) melatonin and trans-resveratrol contents were determined as physiological and biochemical response to UV-B stress. As a result of the study, statistically significant differences were observed among the cultivars. Significant changes were observed for chlorophyll, carotenoid, total antioxidant, total phenolic compound, MDA level, ADI, flavonol contents and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT and APX, while melatonin and anthocyanin contents not changing.
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Ziraat, Stres, Tolerans, Vitis Vinifera, Agriculture, Stress, Tolerance, Vitis Vinifera
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107