Searching of Conditioning Lesion Effect and Its Mechanism in Nerve Regeneration
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2009
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Periferik bir sinir bir kez hasarlandıktan sonra, aynı sinirin ikinci kez hasarlanmasıyla akson rejenerasyonunda bir artış meydana gelir. Bu artışa sebep olan öncü hasar `şartlandırma hasarı' adını alır. Rejenerasyon kapasitesini arttırdığı bilinen bu etkinin oluşmasında sitokin ailesi üyesi olan lösemi inhibe edici faktörün (LIF) de rol oynadığı bilinmektedir. Sağlam sinir hücrelerinde henüz tespit edilememiş olan LIF mRNA'sının gen ifadesi, aksotomiyi takiben hasar bölgesindeki nöron dışı hücrelerde artar ve arka kök ganglion hücrelerine 24 saat içinde retrograd olarak taşınır. Bu güne kadar yapılan çalışmalarda bu etkinin araştırılması için etkin bir in vitro model geliştirilememiştir. Bu çalışma, nöronların tamamen in vitro ortamda şartlanmasını sağlayacak bir model geliştirerek fare arka kök ganglion hücrelerinde şartlandırma hasarı etkisiyle LIF'in ilişkisi araştırılmıştır.Bu çalışmada fare arka kök ganglionları ayrıştırılarak hücre kültürleri yapıldı ve bu hücrelerin in vitro ortamda şartlanmaları sağlandı. Bu yöntemin etkinliği bir seri deneyle test edildi. Ayrıca şartlanma hasarı etkisiyle akson uzamasının değişmesi, kontrol grubu nöronlarla in vitro şartlanan nöronların akson rejenerasyon hızları ölçülerek araştırıldı. Şartlandırma hasarı etkisiyle LIF'in ilişkisi ise siyatik sinir kesisi ve faktör uygulaması sonrası fare arka kök ganglion kesitlerinde ve primer duyu nöron kültürlerinde LIF ve LIF reseptör immunohistokimyası yapılarak araştırıldı.Çalışmanın sonucunda; in vitro olarak şartlanan nöronların kontrol kültürlerindekine göre çok daha hızlı bir akson rejenerasyonu gösterdiği ve geliştirilen in vitro şartlanma modelinin şartlandırma hasarı etkisinin aydınlatılmasında oldukça etkin bir teknik olduğu gösterildi. Bu çalışma literatürde ilk defa olarak arka kök ganglion nöronlarında periferik sinir hasarına bağlı artmış bir LIF ve LIF reseptör üretimini göstermiştir.
There is an increased axonal regeneration after a peripheral nerve is injured if it sustains an earlier prior injury. The first injury causing this is called a conditioning lesion. It is known that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a member of cytokine family, plays role in this effect that increases the regenerative capacity. The expression of LIF mRNA, which has not been demonstrated in intact neurons, is upregulated in non-neuronal cells at the site of injury and retrogradely transported to the dorsal root ganglion neurons within 24 hours following an injury. No effective in vitro model has been developed so far for investigation of this effect. This study has been conducted to develop a model to condition neurons in vitro and the relation of LIF with conditioning lesion effect in mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons is searched.In this study, cell cultures were set up by dissociation of mouse dorsal root ganglia and the cells were incubated to provide in vitro conditioning. The activity of the method is tested with a series of experiments. Besides that the change in the axonal growth due to conditioning effect was quantified by comparing axonal regeneration rates of neurons conditioned in vitro to those of control group neurons. The relation of LIF with conditioning lesion effect is investigated by LIF and LIF receptor immunohistochemistry that was performed in the sections of mouse dorsal root ganglia and cultures of primary sensory neurons in control preparations, after sciatic nerve cut or application of factors.In conclusion, it has been shown that in vitro conditioned neurons had a higher rate of axonal regeneration and the in vitro conditioning model developed is a very effective technique to elucidate the mechanism of conditioning effect. This study has shown, for the first time in the literature, an upregulated LIF and LIF receptor expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons due to peripheral nerve injury.
There is an increased axonal regeneration after a peripheral nerve is injured if it sustains an earlier prior injury. The first injury causing this is called a conditioning lesion. It is known that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a member of cytokine family, plays role in this effect that increases the regenerative capacity. The expression of LIF mRNA, which has not been demonstrated in intact neurons, is upregulated in non-neuronal cells at the site of injury and retrogradely transported to the dorsal root ganglion neurons within 24 hours following an injury. No effective in vitro model has been developed so far for investigation of this effect. This study has been conducted to develop a model to condition neurons in vitro and the relation of LIF with conditioning lesion effect in mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons is searched.In this study, cell cultures were set up by dissociation of mouse dorsal root ganglia and the cells were incubated to provide in vitro conditioning. The activity of the method is tested with a series of experiments. Besides that the change in the axonal growth due to conditioning effect was quantified by comparing axonal regeneration rates of neurons conditioned in vitro to those of control group neurons. The relation of LIF with conditioning lesion effect is investigated by LIF and LIF receptor immunohistochemistry that was performed in the sections of mouse dorsal root ganglia and cultures of primary sensory neurons in control preparations, after sciatic nerve cut or application of factors.In conclusion, it has been shown that in vitro conditioned neurons had a higher rate of axonal regeneration and the in vitro conditioning model developed is a very effective technique to elucidate the mechanism of conditioning effect. This study has shown, for the first time in the literature, an upregulated LIF and LIF receptor expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons due to peripheral nerve injury.
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Biyoloji, Fizyoloji, Biology, Physiology
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219