Phenological, Morphological, Pomological and Molecular Identification of Apple Genetic Resources From Posof (Ardahan) District
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2008
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Bu araştırmada Posof (Ardahan) yöresi elma genetik kaynakları incelenmiş, yörede doğal olarak yetiştirilen yerel elma genotiplerinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özellikleri tespit edilerek, bunlar arasından elma ıslah çalışmaları için ümitvar seleksiyonlar belirlenmiştir. Popülasyonda 111 genotipten örnek alınmıştır. İncelenen tüm genotipler bazında meyve ağırlığı 48.7 g (Posof-093) ile 268.1 g (Posof-064), meyve eni 48.3 mm (Posof-093) ile 88.5 mm (Posof-004), meyve eti sertliği 9.7 lb (Posof-014) ile 22.3 lb (Posof-090), SÇKM %8.6 (Posof-087) ile %14.2 (Posof-091) ve titre edilebilir asit oranı ise %0.18 (Posof-034) ile %1.30 (Posof-090) arasında kaydedilmiştir. Bunun yanında, ümitvar olarak değerlendirilen 38 genotipte meyve ağırlığı 107.6 g (Posof-090) ile 268.1 g (Posof-064), meyve eni 65.0 mm (Posof-090) ile 88.5 mm ile (Posof-004), meyve eti sertliği 10 lb (Posof-012) ile 22.3 lb (Posof-090), SÇKM %9.9 (Posof-016) ile %14.2 (Posof-091), titre edilebilir asit oranı ise %0.24 (Posof-059) ile %1.30 (Posof-090) arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Ayrıca, yerel isimleri birbirinden farklı olan ve popülasyonu temsil eden 33 genotip, moleküler incelemeye de tabi tutulmuştur. Moleküler çalışmada, uygulama kolaylığı bakımından Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) tekniği kullanılarak isimleri, morfolojisi ve pomolojisi birbirinden farklı olan ve çoğu tohumdan yetişmiş yerel genotiplerin birbirleriyle akrabalık ilişkileri de ortaya konmuştur. RAPD analizi genotipler arasında yüksek polimorfizme işaret etmiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Elma, Seleksiyon, Gen Kaynakları, RAPD Analizi, Moleküler Markörler, Posof
In this study carried out in Posof (Ardahan) during 2006 and 2007, phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of apple genetic resources in the district were identified. All local apple population of the district were searched, and 111 apple genotypes were investigated based on especially different fruit and tree characteristics. Regarding fruit characteristics, 38 apple genotypes were considered promising for future breeding efforts. Morphological, pomological and phenological characteristics of promising genotypes were defined in detail. In addition, apple genotypes representing the population were also molecularly identified using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fruit weight ranged from 107.6 g (Posof-090) to 268.1 g (Posof-064) for promising genotypes and from 48.7 g (Posof-093) to 268.1 g (Posof-064) for all investigated genotypes. Fruit diameter was recorded from 65.0 mm (Posof-090) to 88.5 mm (Posof-004) for promising genotypes and from 48.3 mm (Posof-093) to 88.5 mm (Posof-004) for all investigated genotypes. Fruit flesh firmness varied between 10 lb (Posof-012) - 22.3 lb (Posof-090) for promising genotypes and between 9.7 lb (Posof-014) - 22.3 lb (Posof-090) for all investigated genotypes. Promising genotypes had soluble solids content between 14.20% (Posof-091) and 9.9% (Posof-016), and all investigated genotypes between 14.20% (Posof-091) and 8.6% (Posof-087). The titreable acidity was between 1.30% (Posof-090) and 0.24% (Posof-059) for promising genotypes, and between 1.30% (Posof-090) and 0.18% (Posof-034) for all investigated genotypes.On the other hand, 33 genotypes with different local names representing the local apples were also molecularly investigated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker?s analysis, and this molecular analysis revealed high polymorphism among apple genotypes.Key words: Apple, Germplasm, RAPD analysis, Selection, Posof.
In this study carried out in Posof (Ardahan) during 2006 and 2007, phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of apple genetic resources in the district were identified. All local apple population of the district were searched, and 111 apple genotypes were investigated based on especially different fruit and tree characteristics. Regarding fruit characteristics, 38 apple genotypes were considered promising for future breeding efforts. Morphological, pomological and phenological characteristics of promising genotypes were defined in detail. In addition, apple genotypes representing the population were also molecularly identified using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fruit weight ranged from 107.6 g (Posof-090) to 268.1 g (Posof-064) for promising genotypes and from 48.7 g (Posof-093) to 268.1 g (Posof-064) for all investigated genotypes. Fruit diameter was recorded from 65.0 mm (Posof-090) to 88.5 mm (Posof-004) for promising genotypes and from 48.3 mm (Posof-093) to 88.5 mm (Posof-004) for all investigated genotypes. Fruit flesh firmness varied between 10 lb (Posof-012) - 22.3 lb (Posof-090) for promising genotypes and between 9.7 lb (Posof-014) - 22.3 lb (Posof-090) for all investigated genotypes. Promising genotypes had soluble solids content between 14.20% (Posof-091) and 9.9% (Posof-016), and all investigated genotypes between 14.20% (Posof-091) and 8.6% (Posof-087). The titreable acidity was between 1.30% (Posof-090) and 0.24% (Posof-059) for promising genotypes, and between 1.30% (Posof-090) and 0.18% (Posof-034) for all investigated genotypes.On the other hand, 33 genotypes with different local names representing the local apples were also molecularly investigated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker?s analysis, and this molecular analysis revealed high polymorphism among apple genotypes.Key words: Apple, Germplasm, RAPD analysis, Selection, Posof.
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Ziraat, Elma, Moleküler Markerler, Seleksiyon, Agriculture, Apple, Molecular Markers, Selection
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