The Investigation About the Rats in Random Pattern Flaps, the Effects of Active Substance Thymoquine on Flap Survival
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2014
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Giriş ve Amaç: Vücudun değişik yerlerinde travma, kanser ablasyonları ve değişik faktörlere bağlı oluşan defektlerin kapatılmasında flepler plastik cerrahi uygulamalarında sıklıkla kullanılır. Geniş çaplı defektlerde kullanılacak fleplerin distalinde meydana gelen dolaşım yetmezliği gibi problemleri çözmek için literatürde oldukça fazla sayıda yayın bulunmaktadır. Yaptığımız bu çalışmada amacımız flep dolaşımı üzerine thymoquinone maddesinin etkilerini gözlemlemektir. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışmada ağırlıkları 200-250 gram arası olan 42 adet Norveç cinsi sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar her grupta 7 sıçan olacak şekilde 6 gruba ayrıldı. 1.gruptaki sıçanlara(Shame grup.n=7) herhangi bir işlem uygulanmadı. 2.gruptaki sıçanlara (Kontrol grubu.n=7) sadece cerrahi işlem uygulandı. 3. gruptaki sıçanlara (n=7) cerrahi işlem (3*10 cm Mc Farlane modeli flep kaldırılması) öncesi 10 gün boyunca oral 2 mg/kg DMSO (dimetilsulfoksit) çözeltisi içinde sıvı hale getirilmiş TQ(thymoquinone) verildi. 4.gruptaki sıçanlara (n=7) cerrahi işlemden sonraki 10 gün boyunca DMSO içinde çözülmüş ve sıvı hale getirilmiş 2 mg/kg oral TQ verildi. 5.gruptaki sıçanlara cerrahi işlem öncesi 10 gün ve sonrasında 10 gün boyunca günlük 2 mg/kg sıvı hale getirilmiş TQ oral yolla verildi. 6.gruptaki sıçanlara cerrahi işlem öncesi ve sonrası 10 günlük periyot boyunca 10 mg/kg DMSO verildi. Çalışma bitiminde fleplerin fotoğraflanmasından sonra biyokimyasal analizler için her sıçandan 3 cc kan örneği, elektron mikroskopi, biyokimya ve histopatoloji değerlendirmeleri için biyopsiler alındı. Bulgular: Flep nekroz oranları olarak bakıldığında en az nekroz oranının grup-5 te olduğu en fazla nekroz oranının grup-2 ve 6 da olduğu gözlendi. (Grup-5;%8.42,Grup-2;%29.7,Grup-6;29.03,Grup-3;19.18,Grup-4;13.05). Bu değerler istatiksel açıdan kontrol grubuna göre anlamlıydı. Histopatolojik bulgulardan dermal ödem ve proksimal PMNL(polimorf nükleer lökosit infiltrasyonu) istatiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı fark izlenmedi. Ancak damarlanma artışı ve kollajen yoğunluğu TQ uygulanan gruplar lehine anlamlı olarak artmış izlendi. Elektron mikroskopi incelemelerinde mitokondri hasarının en fazla grup-2 ve grup-6 da olduğu en az grup-4 ve grup-5 gibi TQ uygulanan gruplarda olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç: TQ maddesinin flep viabilitesi üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğu düşünüldü. Çelişkili bulgular olmakla beraber TQ maddesinin antioksidan olmadığı, vaskülariteyi arttırdığı, nekroz oranını azalttığı gözlendi. Bu sonuçlara göre TQ maddesinin flepler üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğunu düşündüğümüz için plastik cerrahi uygulamalarında kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz. Anahtar Kelimeler: Thymoquinone, flep viabilitesi.
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Flaps are often used in Plastic Surgery operations to closure the defects caused by trauma, cancer ablation and various factors in different parts of the body. There a lot of publications to solve the problems as the circulation failure in the distal flap which are used in large scale defects. Our aim in this work is to observe the effects of substance thymoquinone on flap circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 42 Norway Rats which weights between 200-250 grams were used 7 rats per group were divided into 6 groups . The rats in group 1 (shame group n:7), there was no operation. The rats in group 2 (control group n:7) underwent only surgical operation.The rats in group 3, (3*10 to remove the MC Farlane Model flap) were given TQ (Thyquinone) orally liquiefed in 2 mg/kg DMSO solution (dimethylsufoxide) 10 days before surgical operation.The rats in groups 4 (n:7) were given 2mg/kg TQ orally which dissolved and liquefied in DMSO 10 days after the surgical operation. The rats in group 5 were given 2 mg/kg liquefied TQ daily in a oral way 10 days ago from the surgical operation until 10 days after. Rats in group 6 were given 10 mg/kg DMSO during the 10 days period before and after the surgical operation at the end of the study, after the flap photographed 3cc blood samples were taken from each rats for biochemical analysis and biopsies were taken for electron microscopy, biochemistry and histopathological evaluation. FINDINGS: As we look the rate of necrosis, the least necrosis rate-5 th group and the most necrosis rate in 2nd and 6th group were observed. (Group-5;%8.42, Group-2;%29.7, Group-6;29.03, Group-3;19.18, Group-4;13.05). These findings were significant statistically according to control group.When dermal edema and proximal PMNL (polymorph nuclear leukochyte infiltration ) compared, there was no significant difference statistically between the groups. However, the rise of vascularity and collagen density increased significanty in favor of the group applied TQ. In analysis of electron microscopy , the most mitochondrial damage was observed in 2 and 6th groups and the least damage was observed in 4 and 5th groups which were applied TQ. CONCLUSION: TQ Substance is thought that it has positive effects on viability of the flap. However, there are conflictive findings, we observe that TQ substance is not antioxidant but it increases the vascularity and it reduces the rate of necrosis. According to these results, we think that TQ substance has positive effects on flaps so we can use this substance in operations of plastic surgery. KEYWORDS: Thymoquinone, flap viability
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Flaps are often used in Plastic Surgery operations to closure the defects caused by trauma, cancer ablation and various factors in different parts of the body. There a lot of publications to solve the problems as the circulation failure in the distal flap which are used in large scale defects. Our aim in this work is to observe the effects of substance thymoquinone on flap circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 42 Norway Rats which weights between 200-250 grams were used 7 rats per group were divided into 6 groups . The rats in group 1 (shame group n:7), there was no operation. The rats in group 2 (control group n:7) underwent only surgical operation.The rats in group 3, (3*10 to remove the MC Farlane Model flap) were given TQ (Thyquinone) orally liquiefed in 2 mg/kg DMSO solution (dimethylsufoxide) 10 days before surgical operation.The rats in groups 4 (n:7) were given 2mg/kg TQ orally which dissolved and liquefied in DMSO 10 days after the surgical operation. The rats in group 5 were given 2 mg/kg liquefied TQ daily in a oral way 10 days ago from the surgical operation until 10 days after. Rats in group 6 were given 10 mg/kg DMSO during the 10 days period before and after the surgical operation at the end of the study, after the flap photographed 3cc blood samples were taken from each rats for biochemical analysis and biopsies were taken for electron microscopy, biochemistry and histopathological evaluation. FINDINGS: As we look the rate of necrosis, the least necrosis rate-5 th group and the most necrosis rate in 2nd and 6th group were observed. (Group-5;%8.42, Group-2;%29.7, Group-6;29.03, Group-3;19.18, Group-4;13.05). These findings were significant statistically according to control group.When dermal edema and proximal PMNL (polymorph nuclear leukochyte infiltration ) compared, there was no significant difference statistically between the groups. However, the rise of vascularity and collagen density increased significanty in favor of the group applied TQ. In analysis of electron microscopy , the most mitochondrial damage was observed in 2 and 6th groups and the least damage was observed in 4 and 5th groups which were applied TQ. CONCLUSION: TQ Substance is thought that it has positive effects on viability of the flap. However, there are conflictive findings, we observe that TQ substance is not antioxidant but it increases the vascularity and it reduces the rate of necrosis. According to these results, we think that TQ substance has positive effects on flaps so we can use this substance in operations of plastic surgery. KEYWORDS: Thymoquinone, flap viability
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Plastik ve Rekonstrüktif Cerrahi, Cerrahi, Cerrahi Flepler, Cerrahi-Plastik, Gref Yaşaması, Sıçanlar, Timokinon, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Surgery, Surgical Flaps, Surgery-Plastic, Graft Survival, Rats, Thymoquinone
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72