Sürekli Ayaktan Periton Diyalizi Uygulayan Hastalarda Gelişen Peritonit Ataklarının ve Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
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2010
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Periton Diyalizi (PD), son dönem böbrek yetmezlikli hastaların tedavisinde kullanılan renal replasman tedavi seçeneklerinden biridir. Peritonit, PD'nin en sık görülen komplikasyonlarındandır. PD tedavisinde ve teknolojisinde sağlanan gelişmeler nedeni ile sıklığında azalma olmasına rağmen peritonit hâlâ sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Ayrıca peritonit, en sık hastaneye yatış sebebi olmasının yanında mortalite ve morbiditenin en önemli belirleyicisidir.Bu çalışmada hastanemiz PD uygulayan hastalardaki peritonit atakları değerlendirilerek, bu hastalarda peritonite yol açan risk faktörleri, etken mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkları tespit edilmesi amaçlandı.Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi'nde Kasım 2008-Haziran 2010 tarihleri arasında CAPD (continue peritonel dyalisis) ünitesinde tedavi programında bulunan ve peritonit semptomları ile başvuran olgular değerlendirildi. Hastaların demografik, klinik ve laboratuar sonuçları kaydedildi. Peritonit ataklarının üreme oranları etken mikroorganizma ve antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçları değerlendirildi. Hastalar, peritonitsiz grup ve çalışma döneminde peritonit geçirenler peritonitli grup olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrıldı ve istatiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Takip edilen 63 hastanın 28' inde 47 peritonit atağı gelişti. Ortalama peritonit sıklığı 0.57 atak/hasta yılı ya da 20.9 ayda 1 atak tespit edildi (984 hasta ayında 47 atak). Kan kültür sistemi ile besiyerine santrifüj sonrası ekim yapılmış ve izolasyon oranları sırasıyla %51 ve %46.1 olarak saptanmış olup izolasyon açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Kültür sonuçlarına göre %75 oranında Gram pozitifler ve bunlardan da en sık KNS etken olarak tespit edildi.Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda metisilin dirençli stafilokok türleri sık olduğundan ampirik başlanan vankomisin tedavisi uygun görülmektedir. Ayrıca peritonit gelişiminde düşük eğitim düzeyi, kırsalda ikamet etmek, hipoalbüminemi ve zorunlu olarak PD uygulamak risk faktörü olarak bulunmuştur. Bu olguların eğitiminin sağlanması, ayrıca hipoalbümineminin önlenmesi ve düzeltilmesi de önemli gözükmektedir.
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD), is one of the treatment modalities for renal replacement therapy in end stage renal failure patients. Peritonitis is the most seen complication in PD. There is a decreased incidence of peritonitis because of improvements in treatment and technology of PD, but peritonitis is still an important problem in PD.Peritonitis is the most important factor in mortality and morbidity as well as hospitalisation in PD patients.In this study, we evaluated the risk factors for peritonitis, causative microorganisms and antibiotic sensitivities in peritonitis attacks in patients who are receiving PD in our hospital.Patients who admitted to Yuzuncu Yil University, Medical Faculty with symptoms of peritonitis for treatment program in CAPD unit in between November 2008 and June 2010 were rewieved. Demographic data, clinical signs and laboratory values were recorded. Microorganism identification rate, causative agents and antibiotic resistance were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups according to patients with and without peritonitis. Values were compared with each other statistically.Peritonitis attack was seen in 28 of 47 (total n: 63) patients. Mean peritonitis frequency was 0,57 attacks/patients or one attack in 20,9 months (47 attacks per 984 patient months). Inoculation was done after centrifugation to media via blood culture system. Isolation rates were not significantly different between the groups, which were % 51 and % 46,1 respectively. According to the culture results, Gram positive organisms were the most seen organisms (%75) and the most seen sub-group was coagulase negative staphylococci.In conclusion, we thought that vancomycin treatment empirically in peritonitis seems appropriate treatment because of high frequency of meticillin resistant staphylococci. Risk factors for peritonitis were detected as low educational level, living in rural areas, hypoalbuminemia and PD receiving in obligatory aspects or as necessitation. Educational support and prevention or amelioration for hypoalbuminemia seem important in these cases.
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD), is one of the treatment modalities for renal replacement therapy in end stage renal failure patients. Peritonitis is the most seen complication in PD. There is a decreased incidence of peritonitis because of improvements in treatment and technology of PD, but peritonitis is still an important problem in PD.Peritonitis is the most important factor in mortality and morbidity as well as hospitalisation in PD patients.In this study, we evaluated the risk factors for peritonitis, causative microorganisms and antibiotic sensitivities in peritonitis attacks in patients who are receiving PD in our hospital.Patients who admitted to Yuzuncu Yil University, Medical Faculty with symptoms of peritonitis for treatment program in CAPD unit in between November 2008 and June 2010 were rewieved. Demographic data, clinical signs and laboratory values were recorded. Microorganism identification rate, causative agents and antibiotic resistance were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups according to patients with and without peritonitis. Values were compared with each other statistically.Peritonitis attack was seen in 28 of 47 (total n: 63) patients. Mean peritonitis frequency was 0,57 attacks/patients or one attack in 20,9 months (47 attacks per 984 patient months). Inoculation was done after centrifugation to media via blood culture system. Isolation rates were not significantly different between the groups, which were % 51 and % 46,1 respectively. According to the culture results, Gram positive organisms were the most seen organisms (%75) and the most seen sub-group was coagulase negative staphylococci.In conclusion, we thought that vancomycin treatment empirically in peritonitis seems appropriate treatment because of high frequency of meticillin resistant staphylococci. Risk factors for peritonitis were detected as low educational level, living in rural areas, hypoalbuminemia and PD receiving in obligatory aspects or as necessitation. Educational support and prevention or amelioration for hypoalbuminemia seem important in these cases.
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Nefroloji, Periton Diyalizi-Sürekli Ambülatuar, Peritonit, Nephrology, Peritoneal Dialysis-Continuous Ambulatory, Peritonitis
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96