Hospital and 1-Year Mortality Outcomes in Covid-19 Pneumonia

Abstract

Aim: COVID-19 caused many deaths, and its socioeconomic impact continues. Hospital mortality is generally known, but information on 1 -year mortality is limited. This study aimed to measure all -cause mortality rates in hospitalized and 1 -year follow-up COVID-19 patients and to evaluate the factors affecting these rates. Material and Methods: PCR-positive patients' demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Hospitalization duration and mortality data were recorded. Discharged patients' polyclinic, follow-up, and mortality status within one-year were evaluated. Results: The study included 201 patients, with a mean age of 63.12 +/- 14.5 years, and 59.2% were male. Logistic regression analysis identified several factors affecting hospital mortality, including male gender, smoking, lactate-dehydrogenase, and ferritin. Further analyses indicated that advanced age, low -oxygen saturation, high -sodium levels, low -potassium levels, low -hemoglobin), elevated -white -blood cell count, reduced -platelet count, increased INR and D-Dimer count, and elevated -CRP (C -reactive protein) levels were significant factors influencing hospital mortality. Mortality within 1 -year was associated with factors including male gender, diabetes, low -oxygen saturation, elevated -AST levels, elevated -ALT levels, elevated-ferritin levels, and hospitalization length. Those who died within one year were more likely to have been hospitalized in intensive -care unit, required oxygen support, and were smokers. Discussion: Hospital mortality was associated with impaired laboratory parameters and smoking, whereas 1 -year mortality was associated with intensivecare, oxygen requirements, and diabetes.