WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14720/3

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Analysis of Factors Affecting Agricultural Credit Usage of Farmers in Eastern Part of Türkiye
(University Agronomic Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest - Usamv, 2025) Terin, Mustafa; Namaz, Mehmet
Agricultural credit is a vital tool for farmers to invest in their farms, improve productivity, and manage financial risks. With proper credit access, farmers can contribute to food security, rural development, and overall economic stability. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the agricultural credit usage of farmers in Patnos district ofA & gbreve;r & imath; Province of T & uuml;rkiye. The data were obtained by questionnaire method from 67 farmers in the study area. The data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics and binary logit model. Results from binary logit estimation showed that overall model was a good fit, most of the socio-economic factors were found significant. Age, education years of farmer and record keeping in farm negatively and significantly influenced use of agricultural credit, while frequency of visits to provincial and district directorates of agriculture, participating in an agricultural course, having a tractor, do agricultural insurance and membership in Agricultural Credit Cooperatives positively significantly influenced use of agricultural credit. According to these results, in order to increase farmers' use of agricultural credit, young farmers should be trained on financial literacy and access to credit, and bureaucratic practices that make access to credit difficulties should be reduced.
Comparison of Classical and Atypical Forms of Ovine Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas Using Immunohistochemical and Molecular Techniques
(University Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2025) Karakurt, Emin; Coskun, Nuvit; Keles, Omer Faruk; Beytut, Enver; Yaman, Turan; Uysal, Ayfer Yildiz; Cicek, Haci Ahmet
This study aimed to evaluate the classical and atypical forms of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinomas (OPA) by immunohistochemical and molecular methods. OPA forms were compared among themselves in terms of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p53 tumour suppressor gene, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expressions. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used for immunohistochemistry. Half of the cases were classified as classical form and other six were determined to be atypical form. All of the OPA forms had positive reactions for PCNA, p53, CEA and VEGF-A immunoreactivity. However, immunohistochemical and statistical analyses indicated no significant difference between the classical and atypical forms of OPA. In addition, Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus nucleic acid detection was investigated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nucleic acids from paraffinated tissue blocks were isolated using a phenol/chloroform based method. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction was performed using 2X One-step RT-PCR kit (Hibrigen, Turkiye, Catalogue Number: MG-OSPM-01). Five of the paraffin-embedded tissue samples (5/12) tested positive. Positive amplicons were sequenced and sequence data revealed that all isolates were type 2 exogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (exJSRV), and positive samples contained minor amino acid changes among themselves. In conclusion, immunohistochemical parameters revealed the absence of significant difference between atypical and classical OPAs in terms of cancer dynamics, such as proliferation index, metastasis, angiogenesis capacity, and escape from apoptosis, and molecular methods also supported these findings.
Vaccination Strategies in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis: Delphi Consensus
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2024) Cinar, Bilge Piri; Tuncer, Asli; Cetinkaya, Levent; Aluclu, Ufuk; Beckmann, Yesim; Boz, Cavid; Siva, Aksel
Dientamoeba Fragilis Dominance in IBS and Blastocystis Sp. in Ulcerative Colitis
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2026) Cengiz, Melis; Beyhan, Yunus Emre; Kayar, Yusuf
Intestinal diseases markedly impair quality of life, with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD) representing major functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Dientamoeba fragilis and other intestinal parasites in these conditions and to compare the diagnostic performance of conventional and molecular methods. A total of 80 stool samples were analyzed, including 60 from patients with IBS, UC, or CD and 20 from healthy controls. Samples were examined using direct microscopy, concentration techniques, trichrome staining (TS), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), which was applied specifically for the detection of D. fragilis. Overall, parasites were detected in 60% of patients and 15% of controls. Infection rates were 33.3% in CD, 68.8% in UC, and 58.5% in IBS patients. D. fragilis was identified in 18.8% of UC and 22.0% of IBS cases, with significant differences observed between microscopy, TS, and qPCR in detection rates. Blastocystis sp. was found in 21.7% of patients and 5% of controls, with the highest prevalence in UC patients (37.5%). Other detected parasites included Iodamoeba b & uuml;tschlii, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli, Giardia intestinalis, Chilomastix mesnili, Entamoeba spp., and Cystoisospora belli. While direct microscopy showed limited sensitivity, TS improved detection moderately, and qPCR provided the highest sensitivity for D. fragilis. These findings highlight the predominance of D. fragilis in IBS and Blastocystis sp. in UC and underscore the importance of molecular methods for accurate parasitological diagnosis.
Examining the Risk-Return Linkage for Cryptocurrency Markets: New Insights from a Novel Stochastic Volatility in Mean Model With Time-Varying Parameters
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Buberkoku, Onder
This study provides a new perspective on the well-known risk-return relationship across 18 cryptocurrencies, which together account for approximately 86% of the total cryptocurrency market capitalization. It adopts a novel stochastic volatility in mean model with time-varying parameters, offering significant improvements over commonly adopted model specifications in the literature. The findings reveal that the risk-return relationship in cryptocurrency markets displays time-varying behaviour. Furthermore, the Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Chainlink markets are simultaneously characterized by a reverse leverage effect and a time-varying volatility feedback effect, which is a novel empirical finding. By contrast, only the reverse leverage effect holds for the Binance Coin, Tron, Polkadot, Mantra Dao, and Avalanche markets, suggesting a positive intertemporal link between the returns and volatility processes of the Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Chainlink markets. Moreover, instead of the traditional static models widely used in the literature, more flexible and appropriate models are needed to capture the time-varying, nonlinear, and complex risk-return interactions in cryptocurrency markets. Finally, in most cases, volatility in cryptocurrency markets, including Bitcoin and Ethereum, tends to decline.
Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Different Antibiotic Regimens in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes After 34 Weeks
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2026) Karatas Gezen, Gulcan; Karaaslan, Onur
Background: To investigate the effects of different antibiotic regimens used in the treatment of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) on maternal and fetal outcomes after 34 weeks of gestation. Methods: A total of 40 pregnant women diagnosed with PPROM between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial and allocated equally into 2 groups. Group 1 received sulbactam-ampicillin, azithromycin, and amoxicillin, whereas Group-2 received ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin. The primary outcome was neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) length of stay. Recorded variables included maternal age, gestational age, obstetric history, time of delivery, latency period, infection markers (white blood cell count and C-reactive protein), neonatal birth weight, Apgar scores, NICU admission, mode of delivery, and maternal complications. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0 (Armonk). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of age, obstetric age, obstetric history, time of delivery, infection markers (white blood cell, C-reactive protein), and type of delivery (P > .05). The difference between the groups in terms of NICU requirement and stay duration was not statistically significant; Group 1: mean 8.3 +/- 6.7 days and Group 2: 4.3 +/- 1.9 days (P = .356). The incidence of maternal complications showed no statistically significant difference; chorioamnionitis was observed in 4 patients (20.0%) in Group 1 and in a patient (5.0%) in Group 2 (P = .141). No difference was observed type of delivery and history of PPROM. Conclusion: The 2 different antibiotic regimens administered to pregnant women diagnosed with PPROM after the 34th week of gestation demonstrated similar clinical effects in terms of maternal and neonatal outcomes. Although the differences in NICU stay duration and the number of chorioamnionitis cases were not statistically significant, we believe that these findings could reach significance in studies with larger sample sizes.
Sustainable Biorefinery: Highly Selective Production of OBMF from HMF Using Graphene Oxide Catalysts
(Springer Heidelberg, 2026) Durak, Halil; Sahroni, Imam; Ahmad, Muhammad Sohail; Kida, Tetsuya
This study explores the catalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 5,5-(Oxybis(methylene))-bis-2-furfural (OBMF) using graphene oxide (GO) and metal-doped graphene oxide catalysts (GO-Ce, GO-Ce-Fe, GO-Ce-Ni). The catalysts were synthesized via a Tour's method and characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. Characterization confirmed the effective doping of Ce and the uniform dispersion of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the GO structure, enhancing catalytic acidity and activity. Optimized reaction conditions showed that the GO-Ce catalyst achieved a maximum OBMF yield of 97% at 140 degrees C over a 12-hour reaction time. GC-MS and NMR analyses confirmed the high conversion efficiency and selectivty of the OBMF product. Comparative studies revealed that while GO-Ce-Fe and GO-Ce-Ni also delivered high yields, GO-Ce demonstrated superior selectivity and stability.
Toxic Effects of Copper and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Brain Tissue Antioxidant Defense of Male Swiss Albino Mice
(Springer Nature, 2026) Temiz, Ozge; Kargin, Dicle
The aim of this study was to evaluate the general toxicity of nanoscale copper oxide (CuO NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by oral gavage in mice. In the study conducted with 42 male Swiss albino mice, CuO NPs and ZnO NPs were administered at 3 different doses of 1, 5 and 25 mg/kg/day by oral gavage method for 14 days together with the control group (n = 6). GSH and GSH dependent enzymes GST, GPx and GR enzyme activities as well as thiobarbituric acid reagent (TBARS) levels, DNA oxidative damage (8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; 8OHdG) and oxidative protein damage (protein carbonyl; PC) were determined in male mice brain tissue after 14 days of exposure to different doses of CuO NPs and ZnO NPs by spectrophotometric methods. There was a decrease in GSH levels and a dose-dependent increase in GST, GPx and GR enzymes in the brain tissue of male mice at CuO NPs and ZnO NPs doses. In the brain tissue of male mice exposed to CuO NPs and ZnO NPs doses for 14 days, TBARS, 8-OHdG and PC levels increased compared to the control group. According to these findings, CuO NPs and ZnO NPs were shown to have dose-dependent toxic effects, inducing oxidative damage by inducing the antioxidant system in the brain of mice, and also causing negative effects on the physiological basic structures of biomolecules such as DNA, fat and protein. Our results show that CuO nanoparticles have a more toxic effect on brain tissue than ZnO nanoparticles, therefore, neurotoxic effects were determined in a dose-dependent manner and in relation to the examined antioxidant parameters.
The Stock Price-Exchange Rate Nexus for Emerging and Developed Market Economies: Fresh Evidence from Recently Developed Advanced Panel Data Techniques
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Buberkoku, Onder
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the short- and long-run interactions between the real effective exchange rates and stock prices. Using a sample of monthly panel data for 23 developed and 19 emerging market economies, this study employs six recently developed advanced panel data techniques. The results reveal clear and strong evidence that the flow-oriented model does not hold for either emerging or developed markets, in the short- or in the long-run. By contrast, the findings provide strong, robust, and reliable evidence that the stock-oriented model is valid for emerging markets. This means that changes in stock prices have a positive and statistically significant impact on real effective exchange rates. For developed markets, however, only reasonable evidence supports the stock-oriented model in the long-run. The finding that stock prices exert a robust and reliable long-run effect on real effective exchange rates, particularly in emerging market economies, diverges from the general literature, which mainly reports only a short-term relationship between the two relevant financial markets; nevertheless, these findings are consistent with some recent studies that, using novel panel data techniques, also document long-run support for the validity of stock-oriented model.
Constructing Efficient Bases From B-Spline Functions and Solving Fractional Optimal Control Problems
(Springer Heidelberg, 2026) Lakestani, Mehrdad; Tuntas, Remzi; Dehghan, Mehdi
In this article, we construct a new basis by twice integrating linear B-Spline functions. This new basis can expand functions similarly to linear B-Spline functions, but it also possesses the capability to exactly approximate third-order polynomials. We investigate the properties of these functions and apply them to solve fractional optimal control problems. By using this basis in the collocation method, the original problem is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem, enabling us to obtain approximate solutions through appropriate methods. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new basis.
Climate Change-Driven Shoreline Dynamics and Sustainable Fisheries: Future Projections From the Lake Van Case (Türkiye)
(MDPI, 2026) Akkus, Mustafa
Shoreline variations in closed-basin lakes are closely linked to hydrological fluctuations and long-term changes in water balance, making them important indicators of environmental change. This study analyzes historical shoreline dynamics in Lake Van (T & uuml;rkiye), the world's largest soda lake, and provides scenario-based shoreline projections for 2032 and 2042 to support hydrological assessment and water-related management. Multi-temporal Landsat satellite images from 1982, 1992, 2002, 2012, and 2022 were processed using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS 5.0) to quantify shoreline retreat and accretion, while future shoreline positions were estimated using the Kalman filter model. The results show pronounced spatial variability, with the most significant shoreline retreat observed in the & Ccedil;elebiba & gbreve; and Karahan regions, where sediment supplied by major inflowing streams contributes to shoreline instability through reworking and redistribution rather than stable accretion. Net shoreline movement values reached -2580.1 m for erosion and up to 1700 m for accretion. Model projections indicate an increasing trend of shoreline retreat by 2032 and 2042, accompanied by localized accretion zones. These hydrological-driven shoreline changes have potential implications for littoral habitats, water-land interactions, and human use of the shoreline, including fisheries infrastructure. The study demonstrates the value of integrating remote sensing and statistical forecasting for monitoring shoreline dynamics in closed-basin lake systems.
Point-Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Related Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Multicenter Study Using Lexicomp
(MDPI, 2026) Arslan, Yusuf; Gurbuz, Esra; Alkan, Sevil; Vurucu, Servan; Cicek, Yeliz; Ozkaraman, Yusuf; Celen, Mustafa Kemal
Background/Objectives: Potential drug-drug interaction (pDDI) refers to the co-administration of two or more drugs that interact with each other and may have therapeutic effects. Increasing rates of polypharmacy with age increase the risk of pDDIs in geriatric patients. This multicenter study aims to provide real-world data on the incidence of pDDI associated with antimicrobial therapy in hospitalized older adults. Methods: The study screened all hospitalized patients, including those aged 65 years and older. Using the Lexicomp (R) Drug Interaction Online Database, researchers screened for pDDIs among all medications taken by patients. Results: 663 (24.0%) aged 65 and over were included in the study. Polypharmacy was present in 64.9%, and hyperpolypharmacy was present in 10.0% of the cases. 480 (72.4%) of the cases used antimicrobial therapy. The mean total number of drugs and antimicrobials used per case was 5.86 and 1.02, respectively. A total of 372 antimicrobial-related pDDIs were detected, and at least one antimicrobial-related pDDI was identified in 202 (42%) patients receiving antimicrobials. Ciprofloxacin (73.3%), clarithromycin (58.3%), and colistin (26.3%) had the highest numbers of D-type pDDIs. The antimicrobials with the highest incidence of X-type pDDIs were metronidazole (23.6%) and clarithromycin (8.3%), respectively. The logistic analysis found a significant association between antimicrobial-related pDDIs and an increase in the number of drugs, length of hospital stays, and ID departments. Conclusions: PDDI rates associated with antimicrobials, like the high pDDI rates associated with all drugs, support the literature. Therefore, strategies should be developed to reduce the risk of pDDI when prescribing antimicrobials to geriatric patients.
Physiological and Biochemical Ameliorative Effects of Biochar, Trichoderma Harzianum, and Combined Applications in Capsicum Annuum L. Under Water Stress
(Springer, 2026) Bitik, Selma Kipcak; Aydemir, Ozlem Ete; Kocaman, Ayhan; Turan, Metin; Ozkutlu, Faruk
In this study, the ameliorative effect of biochar (B), Trichoderma harzianum (TH) and their combined application (BTH) on plants of Capsicum annuum L. exposed to varying degrees of water deficit was investigated. In control plants exposed to full irrigation (100%) and water restrictions of 75% and 50%, drought stress caused a 20-40% reduction in macro- and micronutrient uptake and a significant increase in oxidative stress indicators (H2O2 and MDA). Under severe water limitation (50%), BTH application increased CAT, POD and SOD activities by more than 40% compared to the control (C50) and reduced H2O2 accumulation by about 25%. However, under moderate or no stress conditions, the SOD activity in the BTH groups was not higher than that of the biochar alone. A significant increase in proline and sucrose accumulation was also observed. At the hormonal level, BTH treatments increased the concentrations of growth-promoting hormones (IAA and GA) by over 1500% and 2900%, respectively, while ABA concentrations decreased by 99.5%. Significant increases of up to 50% were also observed in defense hormones such as SA and jasmonic acid. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a clear separation of BTH-treated plants from other groups on the basis of growth promotion, antioxidant defense activation, hormonal regulation and osmotic adjustment. Taken together, these results indicate that the combined application of biochar and Trichoderma harzianum significantly improves the physiological and biochemical resistance of Capsicum annuum under water stress conditions and thus represents a promising strategy for sustainable agricultural production.
Protective Role of Zingerone Against High Glucose-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Damage Through Modulation of the TRPM2 Channel Pathway (Vol 53, 309, 2026)
(Springer, 2026) Cig, Esmanur; Yardimci, Mahmut; Cinar, Ramazan; Yildizhan, Kenan
Turkish Real-Life Atrial Fibrillation in Clinical Practice: 2-Year Clinical Outcomes of the Traffic Study
(Kare Publ, 2026) Karabay, Can; Astarcioglu, Mehmet; Agca, Fahriye; Yilmaz, Ahmet; Akture, Gulsah; Aslan, Ahmet; Tanboga, Ibrahim
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major public health issue associated with thromboembolism and mortality. Real-world data from Tü rkiye are limited despite expanding use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). The Turkish Real Life Atrial Fibrillation in Clinical Practice (TRAFFIC) study aimed to characterize the demographic features, risk profiles, treatment patterns, and 2-year clinical outcomes of patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) in Tü rkiye. Methods: TRAFFIC was a national, prospective, multicenter, observational registry enrolling 1659 NVAF patients from 36 centers with 6-monthly follow-up for 24 months. Baseline data included demographics, comorbidities, CHA2DS2-VASc, HAS-BLED, AF subtype, European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) score, and antithrombotictherapy. Outcomes were ischemic stroke/systemic embolism (SE), major bleeding, and all-cause mortality. Predictors of mortality were evaluated using adjusted Cox regression, and associations of risk scores were explored using univariate Cox models with restricted cubic splines. Results: Median age was 70 years, 48% female, with intermediate CHA2DS2-VASc (most 2-5) and low-to-intermediate HAS-BLED scores (most 0-2). Permanent AF wasthe most common subtype (48%). Antithrombotic therapy largely reflected risk profiles, with NOACs being the dominant treatment (65%). Over 2 years, all-cause mortality was 8.9%, ischemic stroke/SE 2.4%, and major bleeding 1.3%. In adjusted analysis, age, congestive heart failure, and diabetes mellitus were independent predictors of mortality. Both CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores showed threshold effects for mortality and thromboembolic risk but notfor bleeding. Conclusion: TRAFFIC provides contemporary Turkish NVAF data, showing lower event rates than historical cohorts. Outcomes are comparable with international registries; persistent mortality burden highlights the needforAF care beyond anticoagulation.
Design of a New Maprotiline-Selective Potentiometric Sensor Based on Metal-Organic-Framework/Imprinted Polymer Composite with Ultra-Broad Dynamic Range and Nanomolar Detection Limit
(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2026) Kanberoglu, Gulsah Saydan; Kaya, Nurcan; Coldur, Fatih; Hashemi-Moghaddam, Hamid; Soylak, Mustafa
This study presents the development of a novel ion-selective electrode (ISE) for the selective and sensitive potentiometric detection of maprotiline (MAP). Due to the limited number of electrochemical maprotiline-selective sensors in the literature and the lack of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based potentiometric sensors, this study employed a MAP-imprinted polymer/metal organic framework (MIP/MOF) hybrid material as the ionophore component in the membrane structure of the MAP-selective electrode for the first time. For the design of the sensor, a europium oxide metal-organic cage (Eu-MOF)-based MIP (Eu-MOF@MAP-MIP) was synthesized, which offers advantages for molecular imprinting due to its large surface area, tunable pore architecture, and adaptable chemical functionality. The sensor exhibited a wide linear operating range from 1.0 x 10-10 to 1.0 x 10-2 M, a near-Nernstian slope of 52.3 mV/decade, and a remarkably low detection limit of 9.0 x 10-11 M. The analytical applicability was demonstrated by using it as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of MAP and by directly determining the MAP content in two commercial drug formulations. The obtained high recovery percentages solidly confirm the practical suitability and high accuracy of the developed sensor for MAP analysis in real and complex matrices.
Chalcone-Based Bioactive Scaffolds: Comparative Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Alzheimer Activities Supported by Docking Analysis
(Elsevier, 2026) Ozturk, Cansu; Bayrak, Songul; Gerni, Serpil; Atmaca, Ufuk; Bayrak, Cetin; Kiziltas, Hatice
Chalcone derivatives constitute an important pharmacophore class with a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antimutagenic, antitumoral, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the inhibitory potentials of a series of chalcone derivatives against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were comprehensively evaluated through enzyme inhibition assays, antibacterial and antioxidant analyses, and molecular docking simulations. Among the tested derivatives, compound 7 demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity against AChE (Ki = 4.12 +/- 0.84 nM) and BChE (Ki = 6.87 +/- 2.61 nM). The molecular docking results further substantiated the in vitro findings, revealing that compound 7 and compound 1 displayed the highest binding affinities toward AChE (-11.3 kcal/mol). In contrast, compound 1 exhibited the strongest interaction with BChE (-9.9 kcal/mol). Detailed interaction mapping showed that compound 7 engages in multiple stabilizing it-it stacking, it-it- alkyl, and hydrogen-bonding interactions with key catalytic residues of AChE, including TRP86, TYR341, TYR337, PHE295, and TRP286, supporting its high inhibitory efficiency. Similarly, the strong BChE affinity of compound 1 was attributed to pronounced it-it stacking interactions with TRP82 and TYR332, highlighting the structural suitability of chalcone scaffolds for cholinesterase binding. In addition to its cholinesterase inhibition potential, compound 7 also exhibited superior antioxidant performance, surpassing standard antioxidants in both DPPH (RSE%: 87.43; IC50: 14.57 mu M) and ABTS (RSE%: 93.93; IC50: 4.34 mu M) assays. Antibacterial screening indicated that the electronic and steric influences of substituent type and position on the chalcone backbone are critical determinants of antibacterial potency. Notably, compounds 1 (zone diameter: 22.13-23.43 mm) and 2 (zone diameter: 22.06-23.06 mm) displayed greater antibacterial effects than the standard reference drug against all tested bacterial strains. Overall, the integrated biological, biochemical, and computational results highlight chalcone derivatives, particularly compound 7, as promising multifunctional candidates with therapeutic relevance for diseases associated with cholinergic dysfunction, including Alzheimer's disease, while also offering valuable structural features for the development of antibacterial and antioxidant drugs.
Reader Comment on "Physician Vs AI Accuracy in Cath Lab Activation for STEMI-Equivalent and Mimic ECGs
(WB Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2026) Kaya, Ahmet Ferhat
Transformational and Transactional Leadership in Ambidexterous Innovation: Exploratory and Exploitative Outcomes
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2026) Hiziroglu, Mahmut; Gumus, Abdulkadir; Ozer, Yagmur
Purpose - The research on the relationship between leadership styles and innovation behaviors, particularly exploratory and exploitative innovation, remains inconsistent and underdeveloped. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the influence of transformational and transactional leadership styles on exploratory and exploitative innovation, while also examining the moderating effects of organizational factors, specifically firm size and organizational age. Design/methodology/approach - This study employs a quantitative research design, with the sample of firms that have at least ten employees. A total of 762 valid responses were collected through surveys. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Findings - The results reveal that transformational leadership positively influences exploratory innovation but negatively affects exploitative innovation, whereas transactional leadership positively influences both types. Notably, contrary to prior research, transactional leadership also enhances exploratory innovation. Firm size moderates these relationships in an inverted U-shape: transformational leadership fosters exploratory innovation in small and large firms and supports exploitative innovation in medium-sized firms. A similar pattern emerges for transactional leadership. Additionally, younger firms exhibit a stronger preference for exploratory innovation. Research limitations/implications - This study is limited to Turkish firms, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings. It relies on perceived innovation behavior rather than objective metrics and does not consider factors like sectoral or cultural differences. The cross-sectional design also limits causal inferences, indicating the need for longitudinal or experimental research to explore temporal dynamics. Practical implications - From a practical standpoint, this study highlights the critical role of leadership in shaping innovation behaviors, offering insights for organizations of different sizes and ages. It demonstrates how leadership styles can be leveraged to foster ambidextrous innovation, providing a tailored approach for leaders to enhance innovation while considering key contextual factors affecting leadership effectiveness. Originality/value - This study enhances understanding of how leadership styles influence the balance between exploratory and exploitative innovation in Turkish firms, emphasizing the moderating roles of firm size and age. It also challenges the conventional view that transformational and transactional leadership are exclusively linked to specific innovation types, offering a more nuanced perspective on the role of leadership in fostering ambidextrous innovation.
First Record of Tarzetta Oblongispora (Pezizomycetes) in Türkiye
(Gebruder Borntraeger, 2026) Acar, Ismail; Karabiyik, Halide; Van Vooren, Nicolas
The first record of Tarzetta oblongispora in T & uuml;rkiye, outside continental Europe, is presented based on morphology and ITS rDNA sequence comparison. The Mediterranean ecology in association with Pinaceae of this fungus is confirmed.

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