An Analysis of the Fixed and Variable Parameters of Capitalist, Socialist, and Islamic Economies: a Comparative Approach
Abstract
İnsanlık tarihi boyunca bireylerin ve toplumların temel ihtiyaçları olan yeme, içme ve barınma gibi zorunlulukları karşılamaya yönelik çabaları, nüfusun artması ve zamanla daha karmaşık ihtiyaçların doğması nedeniyle bu süreç, ekonomik düşüncenin sistematik bir disiplin olarak ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Bu tez çalışması, dünya tarihine yön vermiş üç temel ekonomik paradigma olan kapitalizm, sosyalizm ve İslam ekonomisini, her birinin dayandığı temel aksiyomlar, metodolojik yaklaşımlar, kendilerine özgü amaçlar, değişmeyen sabit ilkeler ve zaman içerisinde karşı karşıya kaldıkları ekonomik değişkenler bağlamında ayrıntılı biçimde incelemektedir. Söz konusu sistemler ayrı ayrı olarak analiz edildikten sonra, karşılaştırmalı bir yaklaşımla benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları değerlendirilmiş; böylece ekonomik yapıların bireysel yaşam, toplumsal düzen, adalet ve eşitlik anlayışı, üretim-tüketim dengesi, emek ve sermaye yapısı ve gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda sonuç bölümünde değerlendirmelere yer verilmiş ve ilgili paradigmaların çağdaş ekonomi üzerindeki yansımalarına dair bazı çıkarımlarda ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Throughout human history, the efforts of individuals and societies to meet their basic needs—such as food, water, and shelter—have laid the foundation for the emergence of economic thought as a systematic discipline. With population growth and the evolution of more complex needs over time, this process has become increasingly intricate. This thesis examines in detail three major economic paradigms that have shaped world history—capitalism, socialism, and Islamic economics—by analyzing their foundational axioms, methodological approaches, unique objectives, immutable core principles, and the economic variables they have encountered throughout time. Each system is first analyzed individually, and subsequently, a comparative approach is employed to evaluate their similarities and differences. In doing so, the study explores the impact of these economic structures on individual life, social order, conceptions of justice and equality, production-consumption balance, the structure of labor and capital, and income distribution. Based on the findings, the conclusion section presents critical evaluations and offers insights and recommendations regarding the implications of these paradigms for contemporary economic systems.
Throughout human history, the efforts of individuals and societies to meet their basic needs—such as food, water, and shelter—have laid the foundation for the emergence of economic thought as a systematic discipline. With population growth and the evolution of more complex needs over time, this process has become increasingly intricate. This thesis examines in detail three major economic paradigms that have shaped world history—capitalism, socialism, and Islamic economics—by analyzing their foundational axioms, methodological approaches, unique objectives, immutable core principles, and the economic variables they have encountered throughout time. Each system is first analyzed individually, and subsequently, a comparative approach is employed to evaluate their similarities and differences. In doing so, the study explores the impact of these economic structures on individual life, social order, conceptions of justice and equality, production-consumption balance, the structure of labor and capital, and income distribution. Based on the findings, the conclusion section presents critical evaluations and offers insights and recommendations regarding the implications of these paradigms for contemporary economic systems.
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Keywords
Ekonomi, Economics
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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Volume
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258