Functional Health Status Assessment in Patients Applying To Family Medicine
Abstract
Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi'nde Aile Hekimliğine Başvuran Hastalarda işlevsel sağlık durumunun kronik hastalıklar ve sosyo-demografik özelliklere göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan kesitsel bir anket çalışmasıdır. Çalışmaya Van YYÜ Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi Hastanesinde Aile Hekimliğine başvuran 303 hasta değerlendirildi. Çalışma gönüllük esasına dayanmakta olup 18 yaş üstü 90 yaş altı 131 kadın ve 169 erkek hasta dahil edildi. Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taranarak hazırlanan anket yedi sorudan oluşan sosyo-demografik bilgi formu ve sekiz sorudan oluşan COOP WONCA ölçeğinden oluşmaktadır. Sorular çoktan seçmeli ve boşluk doldurma şeklindedir. Kategorik değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemede Ki-kare testi kullanıldı. Hesaplamalarda istatistik anlamlılık düzeyi (p<0.05) olarak alınmış ve hesaplamalar için SPSS (ver: 13) istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Katılımcı bireylerin yaşları 18 ile 89 arasında değişmekte olup yaş ortalaması 45,31'dir. Yaşa bağlı standart sapma 16,53'tür. Katılımcı bireylerin %45,2'si (n=137) erkek, %54,8'i (n=166) kadındır. Katılımcı bireylerin %53,5'nün (n=162) kronik hastalığı var iken %46,5'nün (n=141) kronik hastalığı yoktur. Çalışmamızda artan yaşla birlikte hastaların ortalama COOP WONCA puanının artığı görülmüştür. Yüksek ortalama COOP WONCA puanları daha kötü fonksiyonel sağlık durumunu ifade etmektedir. Hastaların yaşı artıkça işlevsel sağlık durumunun daha kötü olduğu saptanmıştır. Tüm sorularda yaş ile işlevsel sağlık durumu arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç saptanmıştır ( p<0.01 ). Çalışmamızda sosyo-demografik özelliklerden cinsiyetin fonksiyonel sağlık durumu üzerindeki etkili olduğu ve duygu durum (W2), sosyal faaliyet (W3) ve günlük aktivite (W4) alt başlıklarında kadınların erkeklere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek ortalama COOP WONCA puanları aldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmamızda eğitim durumunun ile fonksiyonel sağlık arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Ancak eğitim düzeyinin azalmasına paralel yükselen COOP WONCA puan değerleri görülmüştür. Bizim çalışmamızda bireylerin yaşam ortamı ile fonksiyonel sağlık durumu arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Çalışmamızda evli veya bekâr olan bireylerde eşi vefat eden veya boşanmışlara göre daha iyi işlevsel sağlık durumu olduğu istatiksel olarak anlamlı saptanmıştır. Ancak eşi vefat etmiş ve boşanmış kişilerin sayısının yetersiz olması nedeniyle de bu şekilde bir sonuç yanıltıcı olabilir. Sağlıklı bireylere göre kronik hastalık bulunan kişilerde ortalama COOP WONCA puanlarının ve tüm sorularda ortalama puanların daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak çalışmamız yaşla birlikte işlevsel sağlık durumu ve yaşam kalitesinin bozulduğunu ve bu da hastaların yönetiminde yaş faktörünün önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Kadın hastaların özellikle duygu durum, sosyal faaliyet ve günlük aktivitede daha çok kısıtlandığı ve işlevsel sağlık durumlarının kötü olma eğilimi olduğu görüldü. Bu nedenden dolayı, bu hastaların işlevsel sağlık durumu ve yaşam kalitesi basit sorularla belirlenip, gerekli öneri ve tedbirlerin alınması onlara fayda sağlayabilir. İşlevsel sağlık ve yaşam kalitesi açısından bekâr veya evli olmanın dul veya boşanmış olanlara göre daha olumlu sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Eşinden ayrılmaya bağlı yaşanan stres, fiziksel ve ruhsal anlamda kadını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilir ve işlevsel sağlık durumunu bozabilir. Bunun bilincinde olup bu tür hastalara yaklaşımda daha detaylı sorgulama yapma gereksinimi duyulmalı, hastayı anlamaya çalışılmalıdır. Kronik hastalıklar bedensel sağlığı, duygu durumu, günlük aktiviteleri, sosyal faaliyetleri, sağlık durumunu, genel sağlık durumunu, yaşam kalitesini ve ağrı gibi durumları olumsuz etkiler. Ayrıca beraber işlevsel sağlığını da bozmaktadır. Herhangi bir işlev de kayıp ya da sorun olduğundan diğerleri de buna bağlı olarak bozulmaktadır. Ağrısı olan hastalarda daha kötü duygu durum, günlük aktivite ve sosyal faaliyet olduğu görülmüştür. Bunlar üzerindeki etkiler nedeniyle kronik hastalıkların tedavileri kadar yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi için daha çok çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Uzun yaşamak kadar fonksiyonel sağlığın da öneminin büyük olduğu göz ardı edilmemesi gereken bir konudur ve bunun ön plana çıkarılması gerekmektedir. Tüm kronik hastalıkların belli bir oranda işlevsel sağlık durumunu etkilediği, bireylerin fiziksel veya ruhsal anlamda olumsuz sonuçlarıyla yaşam kalitesini düşürdüğünü, kendine yetememe olasılığını artırdığı bilinmektedir. Sosyal ve toplumsal olarak bir sorun oluşturabileceğini öngörüp buna göre bir strateji geliştirilmelidir. Aile Hekimliğine başvuran hastaların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve kronik hastalık bilgisi sayesinde hastaların işlevsel sağlık durumu hakkında daha detaylı bilgi sahibi olması, hekimin elini güçlendirecektir. Bu bilgi hekim için, hastasının fonksiyonel sağlık durumunu daha iyi bir düzeye nasıl getirebileceği konusunda yol gösterici olacaktır. Bireyin işlevsel sağlık durumu değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, yaşam kalitesi düşük hasta gruplarına yaşam tarzı değişikliği, fizik tedavi, duygusal destek, evde bakım, koruyucu ve tedavi edici uygulamayı yapmak hastanın hem yaşam kalitesini yükseltecektir hem de mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltacaktır.
It is a cross-sectional survey study conducted in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabas Medical Center in order to determine whether the functional health status of the patients applying to Family Medicine shows significant differences according to chronic diseases and socio-demographic characteristics. 303 patients who applied to Family Practice at Van YYÜ Dursun Odabas Medical Center Hospital were evaluated in the study. The study was voluntary and 131 women and 169 men over the age of 18 and under 90 years of age were included. The survey, prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature, consists of a socio-demographic information form consisting of seven questions and the COOP WONCA scale consisting of eight questions. The questions are multiple choise and fill in the blanks. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between categorical variables. In the calculations, the statistical significance level was taken as (p <0.05) and the SPSS (data: 13) statistics package program was used for calculations. The ages of the Participating individuals ranged from 18 to 89 and the average age was 45.31. The standard age-related deviation was 16.53. 45.2% (n = 137) of the participant individuals are male and 54.8% (n = 166) are female. While 53.5% (n=162) of participating individuals have chronic diseases, 46.5% (n=141) do not have a chronic diseases. In our study, it was observed that the average COOP WONCA score of the patients increased with increasing age. Higher average COOP WONCA scores indicate worse functional health. It was found that the older the patients, the worse their functional health status. In all questions, a statistically significant result was found between age and functional health (p <0.01). In our study, it was observed that gender, which is one of the socio-demographic characteristics, was effective on functional health status, and women obtained statistically significantly higher mean COOP WONCA scores in subtitles of mood (W2), social activity (W3) and daily activity (W4) compared to men. In our study, there was no statistically significant relationship between functional health and educational status. However, COOP WONCA score values increased in parallel with the decrease in education level. In our study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the living environment of individuals with functional health status. In our study, it was found statistically significant that married or single individuals had better functional health than widowed or divorced. However, due to the insufficient number of widowed and divorced people, such a result may be misleading. It was observed that the average COOP WONCA scores and the average scores in all questions were higher in people with chronic diseases than healthy individuals. In conclusion, our study reveals that functional health status and quality of life deteriorate with age, and this reveals the importance of age factor in the management of patients. It was observed that female patients were more restricted in mood, social activities and daily activities, and their functional health tended to be worse. For this reason, determining the functional health status and quality of life of these patients with simple questions and taking necessary suggestions and precautions may benefit them. In terms of functional health and quality of life, it has been observed that being single or married gives more positive results compared to those who are widowed or divorced. The stress associated with separation from the partner negatively affects the woman physically and mentally and may impair her functional health condition. Awareness of this and the need to make more detailed questioning in the approach to such patients should be tried to understand the patient. Chronic diseases negatively affect physical health, mood, daily activities, social activities, health status, general health status, quality of life and pain. It also impairs functional health together. Since any function is also missing or a problem, others also deteriorate accordingly. Patients with pain were also found to have worse mood, daily activity and social activity. Due to the effects on these, more studies should be done for the effect on quality of life as well as the treatments of chronic diseases. It is an issue that should not be ignored that functional health is as important as living long and this should be brought to the forefront. It is known that all chronic diseases affect the functional health status to a certain extent, reduce the quality of life of individuals with negative physical or mental consequences, and increase the possibility of self-sufficiency. A strategy should be developed accordingly, foreseeing that it may create a social and social problem. Having more detailed information about the functional health status of the patients who apply to family medicine thanks to their socio-demographic characteristics and chronic disease information will strengthen the physician's hand. This information will guide the physician on how to improve his patient's functional health status. As a result of the evaluation of the functional health status of the individual, lifestyle change, physical therapy, emotional support, home care, preventive and therapeutic application to low-quality patient groups will increase the patient's quality of life and reduce mortality and morbidity.
It is a cross-sectional survey study conducted in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabas Medical Center in order to determine whether the functional health status of the patients applying to Family Medicine shows significant differences according to chronic diseases and socio-demographic characteristics. 303 patients who applied to Family Practice at Van YYÜ Dursun Odabas Medical Center Hospital were evaluated in the study. The study was voluntary and 131 women and 169 men over the age of 18 and under 90 years of age were included. The survey, prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature, consists of a socio-demographic information form consisting of seven questions and the COOP WONCA scale consisting of eight questions. The questions are multiple choise and fill in the blanks. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between categorical variables. In the calculations, the statistical significance level was taken as (p <0.05) and the SPSS (data: 13) statistics package program was used for calculations. The ages of the Participating individuals ranged from 18 to 89 and the average age was 45.31. The standard age-related deviation was 16.53. 45.2% (n = 137) of the participant individuals are male and 54.8% (n = 166) are female. While 53.5% (n=162) of participating individuals have chronic diseases, 46.5% (n=141) do not have a chronic diseases. In our study, it was observed that the average COOP WONCA score of the patients increased with increasing age. Higher average COOP WONCA scores indicate worse functional health. It was found that the older the patients, the worse their functional health status. In all questions, a statistically significant result was found between age and functional health (p <0.01). In our study, it was observed that gender, which is one of the socio-demographic characteristics, was effective on functional health status, and women obtained statistically significantly higher mean COOP WONCA scores in subtitles of mood (W2), social activity (W3) and daily activity (W4) compared to men. In our study, there was no statistically significant relationship between functional health and educational status. However, COOP WONCA score values increased in parallel with the decrease in education level. In our study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the living environment of individuals with functional health status. In our study, it was found statistically significant that married or single individuals had better functional health than widowed or divorced. However, due to the insufficient number of widowed and divorced people, such a result may be misleading. It was observed that the average COOP WONCA scores and the average scores in all questions were higher in people with chronic diseases than healthy individuals. In conclusion, our study reveals that functional health status and quality of life deteriorate with age, and this reveals the importance of age factor in the management of patients. It was observed that female patients were more restricted in mood, social activities and daily activities, and their functional health tended to be worse. For this reason, determining the functional health status and quality of life of these patients with simple questions and taking necessary suggestions and precautions may benefit them. In terms of functional health and quality of life, it has been observed that being single or married gives more positive results compared to those who are widowed or divorced. The stress associated with separation from the partner negatively affects the woman physically and mentally and may impair her functional health condition. Awareness of this and the need to make more detailed questioning in the approach to such patients should be tried to understand the patient. Chronic diseases negatively affect physical health, mood, daily activities, social activities, health status, general health status, quality of life and pain. It also impairs functional health together. Since any function is also missing or a problem, others also deteriorate accordingly. Patients with pain were also found to have worse mood, daily activity and social activity. Due to the effects on these, more studies should be done for the effect on quality of life as well as the treatments of chronic diseases. It is an issue that should not be ignored that functional health is as important as living long and this should be brought to the forefront. It is known that all chronic diseases affect the functional health status to a certain extent, reduce the quality of life of individuals with negative physical or mental consequences, and increase the possibility of self-sufficiency. A strategy should be developed accordingly, foreseeing that it may create a social and social problem. Having more detailed information about the functional health status of the patients who apply to family medicine thanks to their socio-demographic characteristics and chronic disease information will strengthen the physician's hand. This information will guide the physician on how to improve his patient's functional health status. As a result of the evaluation of the functional health status of the individual, lifestyle change, physical therapy, emotional support, home care, preventive and therapeutic application to low-quality patient groups will increase the patient's quality of life and reduce mortality and morbidity.
Description
Keywords
Aile Hekimliği, Aile hekimliği, Diabetes mellitus-tip 1, Kritik hastalık, Sağlık, Yaşam kalitesi, Ölçekler, Family Medicine, Family practice, Diabetes mellitus-type 1, Critical illness, Health, Quality of life, Scales
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Scopus Q
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66