Investigation of Protective Roles of Myricetin and Quercetin Against Nephrotoxicity Caused by Malathion Intoxication in Rats

Abstract

In this study, the protective roles of myricetin (MYC) and quercetin (QRS) against nephrotoxicity caused by malathion (MLT) intoxication were investigated. A total of 42 male rats were used and divided into 6 groups. The dose of MLT was fixed at 108 mg/kg/day and MYC or QRS were administered separately at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day. All chemicals were orally administered for 28 days. At the end of the study, sera and kidney tissues were obtained. Serum urea, creatinine and uric acid levels, kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), protein carbonyl (PCO), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione redustase (GSH-Rx), glutathione peroxidase (GSH- Px), paraoxonase (PON), and arylesterase (ARE) levels were measured as well as histological examinations in kidney tissue were performed. MLT treatment increased serum urea and creatinine with increased levels of kidney MDA, NOx, PCO, 8-OHdG, PGE2 and decreased levels of catalase, SOD, PON, ARE, GSH, and GSH-Px in the kidney (p<0.05). Also, MLT intoxication disrupted the histological structure of kidney tissue. MYC and high concentration of QRS were able to reverse this effect by reducing oxidative stress in the kidney and improving the histology of kidney tissue (p<0.05). In conclusion, MLT caused an increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory response with impaired kidney functions in rats, but MYC and QRS treatments can prevent MLT-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.