The Change of the Structure and Educational Status of Population in Erzurum Province That Has Been Occurred in Quarter Century (1990-2015)

Abstract

In this study, the change of the human sex ratio, age structure, dependency rate and education status of the population in Erzurum province are analyzed that has been occurred in last 25 years. Erzurum province is in East Anatolian Region's Erzurum-Kars part. The province which is in a high area the terrestrial climate features are seen. In Erzurum, where economic resources are limited, there is a long period of immigration. As a matter of fact, the province population has decreased by -1,2% every year in the last 15 years. The sex ratio of the population in Erzurum is high (2015-1005). In 1990, 40,9% of the provincial population consisted of 0-14 age group, but this proportion decreased to 27,3% in 2015. In the same period, the proportion of the working age population increased from 55,5% to 64,5% and the elderly population increased from 3,6% to 8,2%. While the dependency rate of the population in 1990 was 80%, this value decreased to 55% in 2015. Educational status of the population in Erzurum province was shown that important development related education in the province occurred between 1990 and 2015. Literacy rate in 1990 was 73,9 %, in 2015, literacy rate increased to 92,6 % in the province. Literacy rate by gender is also similar. The female literacy rate was 62,1 % in 1990. In 2015 female literacy rate was increased 88,1 % in the Erzurum. The male literacy rate was 85,6% in 1990 in the province. In 2015 male literacy rate was increased 97,1 %. Between 1990 and 2015 literacy rate increased significantly in the province. In Erzurum 70,1% of literate are only literate, primary school graduates and secondary school graduates. In the province, only 29,9 % of the literate population has a diploma higher than 12th. grades. Much more effort and investment must be conducted to increase higher educational attendance.