Evaluation of Patients With Hypoxic and Ischemic Encephalophaty Retrospectively
Abstract
Perinatal asfiksi, tanı ve tedavi yöntemlerindeki tüm gelişmelere rağmen gelişmiş ülkelerde bile yenidoğan mortalite ve morbiditesinin en başta gelen sebeplerindendir. Bu çalışmada perinatal asfiksi nedeniyle yenidoğan ünitesinde yatırılmış hastalarımızın antenatal, natal ve postnatal risk faktörlerini incelemek, Sarnat&Sarnat HİE evrelemesine göre sınıflandırılmasını, konvülziyonun ve mortalite oranlarının belirlenmesini, demografik veriler ve diğer parametreler arasında ilişki olup olmadığını saptamayı ve yıllar içerisinde olguların birçok parametre açısından değişim olup olmadığını göstermeyi amaçladık.Çalışmada Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Kliniği Yenidoğan Servisine Ocak 2009-Aralık 2010 tarihleri arasındaki iki yıllık süre içerisinde perinatal asfiksi tanısı ile yatırılan 125 yenidoğan retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bu süre içinde perinatal asfiksi sıklığı %8.8 olarak bulundu. Perinatal asfiksi tanısı alan 125 olgunun 83'ü (%66.4) erkek ve 42'si (%33.6) kız bebeklerden oluşmaktaydı. Sarnat&Sarnat evrelemesine göre olgularımızın 54'ü (% 43.2) evre I, 43'ü ( % 34.4) evre II ve 28'i (% 22.4) Evre III olarak değerlendirildi. Perinatal asfiksili olguların 26'sı (%20.8) yenidoğan döneminde eksitus oldu. Tüm olgular arasında 43 (%34.4) olgu konvulziyon geçirirken, konvülziyon geçiren hastalar evrelere göre karşılaştırıldığında; evre I olgularda konvülziyon gözlenmedi, evre II olguların 36'sı (%83.7), evre III olguların 7'si (%25) konvülziyon geçirmişti. Evre II ve III'te konvülziyon oranı daha yüksekti. Bu durum istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. (p <0.05). Tüm olgularda Apgar skor ortalaması evre I'de 1. dk 3.6±0.9 ve 5. dk 6.1±1.1, evre II'de 1. dk. 3.7±1.1 ve 5. dk. 6.1±1.1 evre III'de ise 1.dk. 3.3±1.1 ve 5.dk 5.5±1.4 olarak tespit edildi.Son yıllarda artan perinatal bakım, personel eğitiminin artırılması ve özellikle neonatal resusitasyonun ve yenidoğan ünitelerinin teknik özelliklerin iyileştirilmesine bağlı olarak perinatal asfiksi görülme oranında düşüş sağlanmışsa da ileri evrelerde mortalite hala yüksek seyretmektedir. Perinatal asfiksi tedavisinin asfiksi oluşumunu önlemek olduğu gözönüne alınarak, riskli gebeliklerin tanınması, doğumların uygun şartlarda yapılması ve uygun resüsitasyon girişimlerinin uygulanmasının yaygınlaştırılması ve bebeklere doğum sonrası yeterli tedavi verilmesinin sağlanmasında gerekli önlemlerin alınması asfiksiye bağlı mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmaya katkıda bulunacaktır.Anahtar kelimeler: Perinatal asfiksi, insidans, mortalite
Inspite of the recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances; perinatal asphyxia is one of the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity even in devoloped countries. In this study newborns with perinatal asphyxia who were hospitalized in our neonatolgy unit were evaluated to determine antenatal, natal and postnatal risk factors, HİE staging according to Sarnat&Sarnat classification, presence of convulsion and mortality rates, and demographic datas and the changes among these parameters through 2 years from 2009-2010.In this study; from January 2009 to December 2010 (in a period of 2 years ) ; 125 newborns with perinatal asphyxia hospitalized in Yuzuncu Yil University Medicine Faculty Neonatology Department were evaluated retrospectively. Perinatal asphyxia frequency was found to be 8.8 % . Of the 125 patients 83 were male (66.4 %) and 42 were male (33.6 %). Acording to Sarnat&Sarnat staging; 54 neonates (43.2 %) were in stage I, 43 neonates (34,4 %) in Stage II and 28 neonates (22.4 %) in stage III. The number of patients who died during neonatal period were 26 (20.8 %). Among the all patients; 43 (34.4 %) neonates had convulsions. When we compared the patients who had convulsions; there was not any convulsion in Stage I group , 36 patients (83.7 %) had convulsions in stage II group and 7 patients (25 %) had convulsion in stage III group. İn stage II and stage III convulsion rate was higher and that was statistical significant. (p<0.05). The average first and fifth minute Apgar score were 3,6±0.9 and 6,1±1,1 in Stage I, 3.7±1.1 and 6,1±1.1 in Stage II; 3.3±1,1 and 5.5±1,4 in Stage III.Although perinatal asphyxia incidence decreased in recent years due to perinatal support, education of hospital stuff, optimal neonatal resuscitation efforts and standardization of technical features of Neonatal Units, mortality in advanced stages still remain high. Keeping in mind that the most beneficial treatment of perinatal asphyxia is to avoid the occurance of asphyxia, identification of high risk pregnancies, establishment of optimum delivery conditions, optimal resuscitation efforts and good medical care after delivery would help to decrease perinatal asphyxia mortality and morbidity.Key words: perinatal asphyxia, incidence, mortality
Inspite of the recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances; perinatal asphyxia is one of the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity even in devoloped countries. In this study newborns with perinatal asphyxia who were hospitalized in our neonatolgy unit were evaluated to determine antenatal, natal and postnatal risk factors, HİE staging according to Sarnat&Sarnat classification, presence of convulsion and mortality rates, and demographic datas and the changes among these parameters through 2 years from 2009-2010.In this study; from January 2009 to December 2010 (in a period of 2 years ) ; 125 newborns with perinatal asphyxia hospitalized in Yuzuncu Yil University Medicine Faculty Neonatology Department were evaluated retrospectively. Perinatal asphyxia frequency was found to be 8.8 % . Of the 125 patients 83 were male (66.4 %) and 42 were male (33.6 %). Acording to Sarnat&Sarnat staging; 54 neonates (43.2 %) were in stage I, 43 neonates (34,4 %) in Stage II and 28 neonates (22.4 %) in stage III. The number of patients who died during neonatal period were 26 (20.8 %). Among the all patients; 43 (34.4 %) neonates had convulsions. When we compared the patients who had convulsions; there was not any convulsion in Stage I group , 36 patients (83.7 %) had convulsions in stage II group and 7 patients (25 %) had convulsion in stage III group. İn stage II and stage III convulsion rate was higher and that was statistical significant. (p<0.05). The average first and fifth minute Apgar score were 3,6±0.9 and 6,1±1,1 in Stage I, 3.7±1.1 and 6,1±1.1 in Stage II; 3.3±1,1 and 5.5±1,4 in Stage III.Although perinatal asphyxia incidence decreased in recent years due to perinatal support, education of hospital stuff, optimal neonatal resuscitation efforts and standardization of technical features of Neonatal Units, mortality in advanced stages still remain high. Keeping in mind that the most beneficial treatment of perinatal asphyxia is to avoid the occurance of asphyxia, identification of high risk pregnancies, establishment of optimum delivery conditions, optimal resuscitation efforts and good medical care after delivery would help to decrease perinatal asphyxia mortality and morbidity.Key words: perinatal asphyxia, incidence, mortality
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Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları, Asfiksi, Asfiksi-Neonatal, Bebek-Yenidoğmuş, Ensefalopati, Hipoksi, Mortalite, Çocuk Hastalıkları, Insidans, Iskemi, Child Health and Diseases, Asphyxia, Asphyxia-Neonatal, Infant-Newborn, Encephalopathy, Hypoxia, Mortality, Child Diseases, Incidence, Ischemia
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