Biophilic Design in Public Green Areas: a Case Study of Heshkaro River, Duhok
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2022
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Yoğun kentleşme, artan sanayi ve nüfus, modern yaşamın gerekleri ve kent içinde azalan doğal alanlar birleşerek insanların doğadan iyice uzaklaşmalarına neden olmuştur. Bu durum, artan küresel sıcaklıklar, çevresel dengenin bozulması, hava, su ve toprak kirliliği gibi birçok farklı sorunla birlikte insan-doğa ilişkisinin zarar görmesine neden olmuştur. Genel olarak büyük kentlere baktığımızda, kentsel ve kırsal alan ilişkisi doğru planlanmamakta ve kentsel alanlarda kentleşme baskısı ile doğal ve yarı-doğal alanlar zarar görmektedir. Bu durumda, dünya nüfusunun büyük bir çoğunluğunun yaşadığı kentlerde insanlar doğal alanlara uzak kalmakta, bu da toplumların hem fiziksel hem ruhsal sağlıklarını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Peyzaj mimarları olarak mevcut duruma baktığımızda yoğun ve stresli kent yaşamına tasarlayacağımız açık yeşil alanlar ile sakinlik ve huzur hissini sunabiliriz. Kentlerde kırsal çevre ile bağlantının kurulması, sert zeminlerin azaltılması, doğal yeşil alanların ve sulak alanların korunması ve insanları doğaya yakınlaştıracak uygulamalar önerebileceğimiz yöntemlerden bazılarıdır. Son zamanlarda, Irak'ta şehirlerin içinde halka açık yeşil alanlar tasarlamak konusunda bir artış oldu, ancak insanları doğaya yakınlaştırmak, onları doğanın bir parçası olduğunu hatırlatmak proje hedeflerinden biri olarak görünmüyor. Bu nedenle, bu tezde, Duhok Şehrindeki Heshkaro Nehri yakın çevresine biyofilik tasarım yaklaşımı ile açık yeşil tasarlanması hedeflenmiştir. Mevcut durumda oldukça bakımsız ve işlevsiz olan alan biyofilik tasarım ile insan-doğa bağlantısının yeniden canlanmasını sağlayarak doğanın sunduğu faydaları halka sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Intensive urbanization, increasing industry and population, the necessities of modern life and the decreasing natural areas in the city have combined and caused people to move away from nature. This situation, along with many different problems such as increasing global temperatures, deterioration of environmental balance, air, water and soil pollution, has caused the human-nature relationship to be damaged. When we look at big cities in general, the relationship between urban and rural areas is not planned correctly and natural and semi-natural areas are damaged by the pressure of urbanization in urban areas. In this case, in cities where the majority of the world's population lives, people stay away from natural areas, which negatively affects both the physical and mental health of societies. When we look at the current situation as landscape architects, we can offer a feeling of calmness and peace with the open green spaces we will design for the busy and stressful city life. Establishing a connection with the rural environment in cities, reducing hard floors, protecting natural green areas and wetlands, and practices that will bring people closer to nature are some of the methods we can recommend. Recently, there has been an increase in designing public green spaces inside cities in Iraq, but bringing people closer to nature, reminding them that they are part of nature, does not seem to be one of the project goals. Therefore, in this thesis, it is aimed to design light green with a biophilic design approach in the immediate vicinity of Heshkaro River in Duhok City. It is aimed to present the benefits of nature to the public by reviving the human-nature connection with the biophilic design of the area, which is currently quite neglected and dysfunctional.
Intensive urbanization, increasing industry and population, the necessities of modern life and the decreasing natural areas in the city have combined and caused people to move away from nature. This situation, along with many different problems such as increasing global temperatures, deterioration of environmental balance, air, water and soil pollution, has caused the human-nature relationship to be damaged. When we look at big cities in general, the relationship between urban and rural areas is not planned correctly and natural and semi-natural areas are damaged by the pressure of urbanization in urban areas. In this case, in cities where the majority of the world's population lives, people stay away from natural areas, which negatively affects both the physical and mental health of societies. When we look at the current situation as landscape architects, we can offer a feeling of calmness and peace with the open green spaces we will design for the busy and stressful city life. Establishing a connection with the rural environment in cities, reducing hard floors, protecting natural green areas and wetlands, and practices that will bring people closer to nature are some of the methods we can recommend. Recently, there has been an increase in designing public green spaces inside cities in Iraq, but bringing people closer to nature, reminding them that they are part of nature, does not seem to be one of the project goals. Therefore, in this thesis, it is aimed to design light green with a biophilic design approach in the immediate vicinity of Heshkaro River in Duhok City. It is aimed to present the benefits of nature to the public by reviving the human-nature connection with the biophilic design of the area, which is currently quite neglected and dysfunctional.
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Peyzaj Mimarlığı, Doğaya yakınlık, Nehirler, Peyzaj tasarımı, Landscape Architecture, Biophilia, Rivers, Landscape design
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115