Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Admitted With Acute Coronary Syndrome
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2010
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Koroner arter hastalığı (KAH), dünya çapında mortalite ve morbiditenin majör nedeni olma yolunda gittikçe artan bir rol üstlenmektedir. Akut koroner sendrom (AKS), ortak sonucun akut myokard iskemisi olduğu ST elevasyonlu myokard enfarktüsü, ST elevasyonsuz myokard enfarktüsü, unstabil angina pektoris ve ani kardiyak ölümden oluşan genel bir tanım olmakla birlikte koroner arter hastalığının akut klinik tablosu şeklinde ortaya çıkmaktadır.Biz bu çalışmamızda tersiyer bir merkez olan üniversite hastanemize başvuran AKS hastalarının geleneksel KAH risk faktörleri prevalansını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamızda ortaya çıkan sonuç; genç yaş gruptaki en sık görülen risk faktörlerinin sigara içiciliği ve aile öyküsü, yaşlı gruptaki en sık risk faktörlerinin ise hipertansiyon ve sigara içiciliği olduğudur. Yani KAH için önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu bilinen yaş faktörüne rağmen sigara kullanımının bölgemizde yaygın olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. TEKHARF çalışmasına göre erkeklerde %43, kadınlarda %18 oranlarında olan sigara kullanımı bizim çalışmamızda erkeklerde %67.8, kadınlarda %14.5 olarak saptanmıştır.İNTERHEART çalışmasına göre (278) akut koroner sendromlu hastalarda DM prevalansı erkeklerde %16, kadınlarda %26 olarak gösterilmiştir. Bizim çalışmamızda erkeklerde benzer şekilde %16.6, kadınlarda ise %35 oranında yani daha yüksek oranda saptanmıştır. İNTERHEART çalışmasında hipertansiyon erkeklerde %35, kadınlarda %53 oranında saptanmıştır. Bizim çalışmamızda erkeklerde hipertansiyon prevalansı %31.2, kadınlarda ise %68.4 olarak saptanmıştır. Kadınlardaki DM ve hipertansiyon prevalansının bölgemizde daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. TEKHARF çalışmasında gösterildiği gibi ülkemizde batılı toplumlarla karşılaştırıldığında kolesterol değerleri daha düşük değerlerde seyretmektedir. Çalışmamızda da kolesterol değerlerinin bu çalışmayla uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Yine aile öyküsünün literatürle uyumlu olarak genç yaş grubunda önemli bir risk faktörü olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır.Yaş, cinsiyet, aile öyküsü gibi modifiye edilemeyen risk faktörlerinin aksine modifiye edilebilir risk faktörleri olan DM, hipertansiyon, sigara kullanımı ve hiperlipideminin kontrol altına alınmasıyla KAH ve buna bağlı gelişen komplikasyonların önüne geçilebileceği açıktır.Bu konuda Halk sağlığı uygulamalarının ve koruyucu hekimlik çalışmalarının daha etkin bir şekilde yürütülmesiyle KAH geleneksel risk faktörlerinin kontrol altına alınabilme imkanı olabilecektir.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the one of the worldwide major reason of mortality and morbidity and has an exponential role. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a general definition of such conditions which are miyocardial infarction with or without ST elevation, unstabil angina pectoris, and sudden cardiac death, results with the same outcome, acute myocardial iscemia whereas these syndrome appears in clinic as acute coronary artery disease.In this study, our aim was the definition of traditional CAD risk factors prevalance in patients with ACS who were referred to our university hospital which is a tertiary center. The outcome of our study is that, the most common risk factors in young patients group are smoking and familial history, whereas in the old patients group the most common risk factors are hypertension and smoking. So we find that even though age is a well known an important risk factor for CAD, smoking is a common problem in our region. In TEKHARF (Turkish Adult Prevalence of Coronary Disease Risk Factors) study smoking rate was 43% in men, 18% in women, and in our study smoking rate was 67.8% in men and 14.5% in women.INTERHEART study (278) reported that prevalence of DM in patients with ACS 16% in men, 26% in women. In our study the outcomes was the same in men; 16.6%, on the other hand in women the rate was higher (35%) then INTERHEART study. In our study we find that the prevalance of hypertension (HT) was 31.2% in men and 68.4% in women. In women the prevalence of DM and HT is higher in our region. We found in our study that the levels of cholesterole are lower in our country compared with Western populations as shown in TEKHARF study. In young patients group the family history was found an important risk factor for CAD in our study likewise literature.It is clear that in contrast to age, sex, family history which are non-modifiable risk factors, the modifiable risk factors DM, HT, smoking and hyperlipidemia can be taken under control and so CAD and related complications can be proven.At the aspect of public health and preventive medicine the traditional risk factors for CAD can be taken under control by the more effective applications.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the one of the worldwide major reason of mortality and morbidity and has an exponential role. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a general definition of such conditions which are miyocardial infarction with or without ST elevation, unstabil angina pectoris, and sudden cardiac death, results with the same outcome, acute myocardial iscemia whereas these syndrome appears in clinic as acute coronary artery disease.In this study, our aim was the definition of traditional CAD risk factors prevalance in patients with ACS who were referred to our university hospital which is a tertiary center. The outcome of our study is that, the most common risk factors in young patients group are smoking and familial history, whereas in the old patients group the most common risk factors are hypertension and smoking. So we find that even though age is a well known an important risk factor for CAD, smoking is a common problem in our region. In TEKHARF (Turkish Adult Prevalence of Coronary Disease Risk Factors) study smoking rate was 43% in men, 18% in women, and in our study smoking rate was 67.8% in men and 14.5% in women.INTERHEART study (278) reported that prevalence of DM in patients with ACS 16% in men, 26% in women. In our study the outcomes was the same in men; 16.6%, on the other hand in women the rate was higher (35%) then INTERHEART study. In our study we find that the prevalance of hypertension (HT) was 31.2% in men and 68.4% in women. In women the prevalence of DM and HT is higher in our region. We found in our study that the levels of cholesterole are lower in our country compared with Western populations as shown in TEKHARF study. In young patients group the family history was found an important risk factor for CAD in our study likewise literature.It is clear that in contrast to age, sex, family history which are non-modifiable risk factors, the modifiable risk factors DM, HT, smoking and hyperlipidemia can be taken under control and so CAD and related complications can be proven.At the aspect of public health and preventive medicine the traditional risk factors for CAD can be taken under control by the more effective applications.
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Kardiyoloji, Kalp Hastalıkları, Koroner Arter Hastalığı, Koroner Dolaşım, Koroner Hastalık, Prevalans, Risk Değerlendirmesi, Risk Faktörleri, Iskemi, Cardiology, Heart Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Circulation, Coronary Disease, Prevalence, Risk Assesment, Risk Factors, Ischemia
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73