Effect of Acute and Regular Exercise on Antioxidative Enzymes, Tissue Damage Markers and Membran Lipid Peroxidation of Erythrocytes in Sedentary Students

Abstract

15 healthy sedentary men, 19-25 years old an did not have any programmed physical activity, were studied. The subjects were asked to run submaximal 15-20 min every day for 5 weeks. Erythrocyte lipid per-oxidation, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glu-tathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and glucose and uric acid levels were determined in blood samples which were taken before and immediately after acute exercise and after the end of 5-week training program. Malonaldialdehyde (MDA), sing of lipid perox-idation, creatin phosphokinase (CK), CK-MB, lactate dehydrigenase (LDH) concentrations increased (p<0.0001, p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.05, respectively) and GSH-Px and SOD activities decreased significantly (p<0.0001 and p<0.05, respectively) after acute exer-cise. Although MDA level after the 5 week training program was lower than the MDA level after acute exercise period, it was still higher than sedentary period (p<0.01). GSH-Px activity after the 5-week training program was significantly higher than this of seden-tary period (p<0.0001). SOD activity after S-week training program was also higher than this of sedentary period but it was not statis-tically significant (p>0.05). We also found that uric acid and glucose levels increased immediately after acute exercise (p<0.05), but there was no significant differences between uric acid and glucose levels of seden-tary and training period. It is concluded that acute exercise causes oxidative stress in sedentary men. Thus irregular exercise, "weekend physical activities", may be harmful in contradiction with the common concept. On the other hand, regular exercise may pre-vent this deleterious condition by decreasing lipid peroxidation, augmenting antioxidant system and decrease the exercise-induced muscle damage.