The Effects of the L-Arginine and the Nigella Sativa on the Levels of the Serum Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine and the Nitric Oxide in Whole Body Irradiated Rats
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2011
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AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada tüm vücut ışınlaması yapılan sıçanlarda serum Asimetrik dimetil arginin (ADMA) ve Nitrik oksit (NO) seviyeleri üzerine L-Arginin (LA) ve Nigella sativa (NS)'nın etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmada Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sağlık Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Deneysel Araştırmalar Birimi'nden temin edilen 60 adet dişi Wistar Albino ırkı sıçan kullanılmıştır. Tüm vücut ışınlaması (TVI) Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Radyasyon Onkoloji Anabilim Dalı Kliniğinde Kobalt-60 (Co60) Theratron 1000E teleterapi cihazıyla SAD yöntemiyle yarı kalınlığa doz hesaplaması yapılarak tek fraksiyonda toplam 6 Gy dozunda ön-arka tüm vücut ?-ışınlaması şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Sıçanlar; fantom ışınlama ve intraperitoneal (ip) 2.5 ml/kg % 0,9 NaCl solüsyonu uygulanan `kontrol grubu', TVI ve i.p 2.5 ml/kg % 0,9 NaCl solüsyonu uygulanan `TVI grubu', i.p 2.5 ml/kg NS sabit yağı uygulanan `NS grubu', TVI ve 2.5 ml/kg NS sabit yağı uygulanan `TVI ve NS grubu', Oral yolla 10 mg/kg LA uygulanan `LA grubu' ve TVI ve oral yolla 10 mg/kg LA uygulanan `TVI ve LA grubu' olmak üzere toplam 6 gruba ayrılmıştır. NS sabit yağı ve LA uygulamaları aynı gün içinde TVI'dan 2 saat önce yapılmıştır. Sıçanlar TVI'dan 2 saat sonra anestezi altında sakrifiye edilerek intrakardiak yolla alınan serum örneklerinde biyokimyasal olarak ADMA ve NO düzeyleri belirlendi ve gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.BULGULAR: TVI ile NO ve ADMA düzeylerinde kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel anlamlı olarak artış tespit edildi (p<0.05). TVI'dan 2 saat önce ip NS sabit yağı uygulanması ile TVI grubuna göre NO düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlılığa ulaşmayan (p>0.05) ancak ADMA düzeylerinde istatistiksel anlamlı olarak (p<0.05) azalma tespit edildi. TVI'dan 2 saat önce oral yolla LA uygulanması ile TVI grubuna göre NO düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlılığa ulaşmayan (p>0.05) ancak ADMA düzeylerinde istatistiksel anlamlı olarak (p<0.05) azalma tespit edilmiştir. ADMA ve NO düzeyleri arasında korelasyon sadece NS+TVI grubunda tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05).SONUÇLAR: TVI öncesinde NS ve LA uygulanması ile ADMA ve NO düzeylerinde azalma olması nedeniyle NS ve LA'nın iyonize radyasyonun oksidatif etkilerine karşı umut verici doğal bir radyoprotektif ajan olduğu düşünülebilir. Sonuç olarak NO ve ADMA'nın önemli birer hedef molekül olabileceği, NS ve LA'nın da önemli birer substrat olabileceği ve tedavi etkinliğini azaltmadan ışınlamanın erken ve geç yan etkilerini azaltabileceği ümit edilmektedir.Anahtar sözcükler: ADMA, NO, Tüm Vücut Işınlaması, N. Sativa, L-Arginin, Sıçan
PURPOSE: In this study, it is intended to investigate the effects of the L-arginine (LA) and the Nigella sativa (NS) on the levels of the serum asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and the nitric oxide (NO) in the rats, the whole bodies of which were irradiated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 60 female Wistar albino race rats were used which were supplied by the Experimental Research Unit of the Health Research and Application Center of the Yuzuncu Yil University. Whole body irradiation (WBI) was applied as front-rear whole body ?-irradiation, in total 6 Gy doses, in single fraction by making calculation method to semi-thickness with SAD method, with cobalt-60 (Co60) Theratron 1000E teletherapy device at the Clinic of the Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University. Rats are classified into 6 groups: The 'control group' to which phantom irradiation, and intraperitoneal (ip) 2.5 ml/kg 0.9 % NaCl solution were applied; the 'WBI group' to which whole body irradiation and the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg 0.9 % NaCl solution were applied; the 'NS group' to which the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg NS fixed oil was applied; the 'WBI and the NS group' to which whole body irradiation and the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg NS fixed oil were applied; the 'LA group' to which orally 10 mg/kg LA was administered; and the 'WBI and LA group' to which whole body irradiation was applied and orally 10 mg/kg LA was administered. The NS fixed oil application and the LA administration were performed 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation within the same day. Rats were sacrificed under anesthesia 2 hours after whole body irradiation, ADMA and NO levels were determined biochemically in serum samples which had been taken from intracardiac route the differences among the groups were evaluated statistically.FINDINGS: Statistically significant increases were detected in the whole body irradiation, NO and ADMA levels compared to the control group (p <0.05). Decreases in NO levels were detected which had not reached statistical significance (p> 0.05), however statistically significant decreases in ADMA levels (p <0.05) were detected with the application of the intraperitoneal NS fixed oil application, 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation, compared to the WBI group. Decreases in NO levels were detected which had not reached statistical significance (p> 0.05), however statistically significant decreases in ADMA levels (p <0.05) were detected with the oral administration of the LA, 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation, compared to the WBI group. Correlation between ADMA and NO levels were detected only in the NS + WBI group (p <0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Since there are decreases in ADMA and NO levels with the application of the NS and LA prior to the whole body irradiation, NS and LA may be considered a promising natural radio protective agent against the oxidative effects of the ionizing radiation. Consequently, NO and ADMA may be important target molecules, NS and LA may be important substrates and it is hoped that they may reduce the early and late side effects of the radiation without reducing the effectiveness of the therapy.Key words: ADMA, NO, whole body irradiation, N. Sativa, L-Arginin, Rat.
PURPOSE: In this study, it is intended to investigate the effects of the L-arginine (LA) and the Nigella sativa (NS) on the levels of the serum asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and the nitric oxide (NO) in the rats, the whole bodies of which were irradiated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 60 female Wistar albino race rats were used which were supplied by the Experimental Research Unit of the Health Research and Application Center of the Yuzuncu Yil University. Whole body irradiation (WBI) was applied as front-rear whole body ?-irradiation, in total 6 Gy doses, in single fraction by making calculation method to semi-thickness with SAD method, with cobalt-60 (Co60) Theratron 1000E teletherapy device at the Clinic of the Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University. Rats are classified into 6 groups: The 'control group' to which phantom irradiation, and intraperitoneal (ip) 2.5 ml/kg 0.9 % NaCl solution were applied; the 'WBI group' to which whole body irradiation and the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg 0.9 % NaCl solution were applied; the 'NS group' to which the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg NS fixed oil was applied; the 'WBI and the NS group' to which whole body irradiation and the intraperitoneal 2.5 ml/kg NS fixed oil were applied; the 'LA group' to which orally 10 mg/kg LA was administered; and the 'WBI and LA group' to which whole body irradiation was applied and orally 10 mg/kg LA was administered. The NS fixed oil application and the LA administration were performed 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation within the same day. Rats were sacrificed under anesthesia 2 hours after whole body irradiation, ADMA and NO levels were determined biochemically in serum samples which had been taken from intracardiac route the differences among the groups were evaluated statistically.FINDINGS: Statistically significant increases were detected in the whole body irradiation, NO and ADMA levels compared to the control group (p <0.05). Decreases in NO levels were detected which had not reached statistical significance (p> 0.05), however statistically significant decreases in ADMA levels (p <0.05) were detected with the application of the intraperitoneal NS fixed oil application, 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation, compared to the WBI group. Decreases in NO levels were detected which had not reached statistical significance (p> 0.05), however statistically significant decreases in ADMA levels (p <0.05) were detected with the oral administration of the LA, 2 hours prior to the whole body irradiation, compared to the WBI group. Correlation between ADMA and NO levels were detected only in the NS + WBI group (p <0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Since there are decreases in ADMA and NO levels with the application of the NS and LA prior to the whole body irradiation, NS and LA may be considered a promising natural radio protective agent against the oxidative effects of the ionizing radiation. Consequently, NO and ADMA may be important target molecules, NS and LA may be important substrates and it is hoped that they may reduce the early and late side effects of the radiation without reducing the effectiveness of the therapy.Key words: ADMA, NO, whole body irradiation, N. Sativa, L-Arginin, Rat.
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Onkoloji, Adma, Arjinin, Nitrik Oksit, Sıçanlar, Tüm Vücut Işınlaması, Çörekotu, Oncology, Adma, Arginine, Nitric Oxide, Rats, Whole Body Irradiation, Nigella
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