Determination of Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer Parameters During Deep Fat Frying of Tulumba Dessert
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2014
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Bu çalışmada derin yağda tulumba tatlısı hamuru kızartma işlemi eşzamanlı ısı ve kütle transferi olarak deneysel ve analitik yöntemlerle incelenmiştir. Etkin ısı ve kütle transfer parametreleri, Tulumba hamurunun (Ø 20 mm, h: 40 mm) 150, 160, 170 ve 180 oC sıcaklıklarındaki ayçiçeği yağında kızartılmasıyla hesaplanmıştır. Difüzyonla nem transfer mekanizması % 58.48 'lik bir başlangıç nem oranı ile incelenmiş ve etkin kütle transfer katsayısının yağ sıcaklığının artmasıyla doğrusal, etkin nem difüzyon katsayısının ise üstel olarak arttığı görülmüştür. Kütle transferi için değerler sırasıyla; 3.009, 3.225, 3.445 ve 3.695 x 10-6 m/s iken, nem difüzyonu için 1.77, 2.15, 2.69 ve 3.59 x 10-7 m2/s olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca etkin nem difüzyon katsayısı ve yağ sıcaklığı arasında Arrhenius tipi bir ilişki belirlenmiş ve buradan aktivasyon enerjisi 36.58 kj/mol bulunmuştur. Öte yandan derin yağda kızartma için yükselen yağ sıcaklığının, etkin ısı transfer katsayısı değerlerinin azalmasına neden olduğu ve maksimum değerin 150 oC' de 182.41 W/m2oC, en küçük değerin ise 180 oC' de 125.715 W/m2oC olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Deep fat frying process of tulumba dessert dough was investigated by experimental and analytical methods as a simultaneous heat and mass transfer process in this study. Effective heat and mass transfer parameters were determined during frying of Tulumba dough (Ø: 20 mm, h: 40 mm) in sunflower oil at 150, 160, 170 and 180 oC, respectively. The mechanism of moisture transfer by diffusion was studied with an initial moisture content of % 58.48. Effective mass transfer coefficient increased linearly, whereas effective moisture diffusivity increased exponentially with increasing oil temperature. The values were 1.77, 2.15, 2.69 and 3.59 x 10-7m2/s for moisture diffusivity and 3.009, 3.225, 3.445 and 3.695 x 10-6 m/s for mass transfer coefficient respectively. An Arrhenius equation was found between the frying temperature and the effective moisture diffusivity, so activation energy value was calculated at 36.58 kj/mol. On the other hand, higher oil temperature decreased the value of effective heat transfer coefficient during deep-fat frying. The maximum value was determined (182.41 W/ m2oC) at 150 oC and the minimal value 125.715 W/m2oC at 180 oC.
Deep fat frying process of tulumba dessert dough was investigated by experimental and analytical methods as a simultaneous heat and mass transfer process in this study. Effective heat and mass transfer parameters were determined during frying of Tulumba dough (Ø: 20 mm, h: 40 mm) in sunflower oil at 150, 160, 170 and 180 oC, respectively. The mechanism of moisture transfer by diffusion was studied with an initial moisture content of % 58.48. Effective mass transfer coefficient increased linearly, whereas effective moisture diffusivity increased exponentially with increasing oil temperature. The values were 1.77, 2.15, 2.69 and 3.59 x 10-7m2/s for moisture diffusivity and 3.009, 3.225, 3.445 and 3.695 x 10-6 m/s for mass transfer coefficient respectively. An Arrhenius equation was found between the frying temperature and the effective moisture diffusivity, so activation energy value was calculated at 36.58 kj/mol. On the other hand, higher oil temperature decreased the value of effective heat transfer coefficient during deep-fat frying. The maximum value was determined (182.41 W/ m2oC) at 150 oC and the minimal value 125.715 W/m2oC at 180 oC.
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Gıda Mühendisliği, Food Engineering
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56